A quantitative meta-analysis of olfactory dysfunction in mild cognitive impairment

BackgroundThe connection between Alzheimer's disease (AD) and olfactory deficits is well documented and further, alterations in olfactory functioning may signal declines in functions associated with dementia. The aim of the present comprehensive meta-analysis was to investigate the nature of ol...

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Vydané v:Journal of neurology, neurosurgery and psychiatry Ročník 88; číslo 3; s. 226 - 232
Hlavní autori: Roalf, David R, Moberg, Madelyn J, Turetsky, Bruce I, Brennan, Laura, Kabadi, Sushila, Wolk, David A, Moberg, Paul J
Médium: Journal Article
Jazyk:English
Vydavateľské údaje: England BMJ Publishing Group LTD 01.03.2017
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ISSN:0022-3050, 1468-330X
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Abstract BackgroundThe connection between Alzheimer's disease (AD) and olfactory deficits is well documented and further, alterations in olfactory functioning may signal declines in functions associated with dementia. The aim of the present comprehensive meta-analysis was to investigate the nature of olfactory deficits in mild cognitive impairment (MCI).MethodsArticles were identified through computerised literature search from inception to 30 June 2016 using PubMed, MEDLINE and PsychInfo databases. In order to control for differences in sample size during effect size computation, studies were weighted according to their inverse variance estimates.Results31 articles (62 effects) were identified, which included 1993 MCI patients and 2861 healthy older adults (HOA). Included studies contrasted odour identification, discrimination, detection threshold and/or memory between cases and controls. Moderate to large and heterogeneous effects were seen for olfactory deficits in MCI relative to HOA (d=−0.76, 95% CI −0.87<δ<−0.64). Moderator analysis revealed that tests of odour identification yielded larger effect sizes than those of odour detection threshold or memory. In addition, a potential interaction between age and sex was observed, with male patients carrying a larger burden of olfactory deficit and older female patients performing better on olfactory tests.Conclusions and relevanceOlfactory deficits are present and robust in MCI. Odour identification is most impaired in MCI, which parallels the most prominent sensory deficit seen in AD. As such, a simple-to-administer test of odour identification warrants inclusion in the screening of individuals at risk for developing AD.
AbstractList BACKGROUNDThe connection between Alzheimer's disease (AD) and olfactory deficits is well documented and further, alterations in olfactory functioning may signal declines in functions associated with dementia. The aim of the present comprehensive meta-analysis was to investigate the nature of olfactory deficits in mild cognitive impairment (MCI).METHODSArticles were identified through computerised literature search from inception to 30 June 2016 using PubMed, MEDLINE and PsychInfo databases. In order to control for differences in sample size during effect size computation, studies were weighted according to their inverse variance estimates.RESULTS31 articles (62 effects) were identified, which included 1993 MCI patients and 2861 healthy older adults (HOA). Included studies contrasted odour identification, discrimination, detection threshold and/or memory between cases and controls. Moderate to large and heterogeneous effects were seen for olfactory deficits in MCI relative to HOA (d=-0.76, 95% CI -0.87<δ<-0.64). Moderator analysis revealed that tests of odour identification yielded larger effect sizes than those of odour detection threshold or memory. In addition, a potential interaction between age and sex was observed, with male patients carrying a larger burden of olfactory deficit and older female patients performing better on olfactory tests.CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCEOlfactory deficits are present and robust in MCI. Odour identification is most impaired in MCI, which parallels the most prominent sensory deficit seen in AD. As such, a simple-to-administer test of odour identification warrants inclusion in the screening of individuals at risk for developing AD.
The connection between Alzheimer's disease (AD) and olfactory deficits is well documented and further, alterations in olfactory functioning may signal declines in functions associated with dementia. The aim of the present comprehensive meta-analysis was to investigate the nature of olfactory deficits in mild cognitive impairment (MCI). Articles were identified through computerised literature search from inception to 30 June 2016 using PubMed, MEDLINE and PsychInfo databases. In order to control for differences in sample size during effect size computation, studies were weighted according to their inverse variance estimates. 31 articles (62 effects) were identified, which included 1993 MCI patients and 2861 healthy older adults (HOA). Included studies contrasted odour identification, discrimination, detection threshold and/or memory between cases and controls. Moderate to large and heterogeneous effects were seen for olfactory deficits in MCI relative to HOA (d=-0.76, 95% CI -0.87<δ<-0.64). Moderator analysis revealed that tests of odour identification yielded larger effect sizes than those of odour detection threshold or memory. In addition, a potential interaction between age and sex was observed, with male patients carrying a larger burden of olfactory deficit and older female patients performing better on olfactory tests. Olfactory deficits are present and robust in MCI. Odour identification is most impaired in MCI, which parallels the most prominent sensory deficit seen in AD. As such, a simple-to-administer test of odour identification warrants inclusion in the screening of individuals at risk for developing AD.
BackgroundThe connection between Alzheimer's disease (AD) and olfactory deficits is well documented and further, alterations in olfactory functioning may signal declines in functions associated with dementia. The aim of the present comprehensive meta-analysis was to investigate the nature of olfactory deficits in mild cognitive impairment (MCI).MethodsArticles were identified through computerised literature search from inception to 30 June 2016 using PubMed, MEDLINE and PsychInfo databases. In order to control for differences in sample size during effect size computation, studies were weighted according to their inverse variance estimates.Results31 articles (62 effects) were identified, which included 1993 MCI patients and 2861 healthy older adults (HOA). Included studies contrasted odour identification, discrimination, detection threshold and/or memory between cases and controls. Moderate to large and heterogeneous effects were seen for olfactory deficits in MCI relative to HOA (d=-0.76, 95% CI -0.87< delta <-0.64). Moderator analysis revealed that tests of odour identification yielded larger effect sizes than those of odour detection threshold or memory. In addition, a potential interaction between age and sex was observed, with male patients carrying a larger burden of olfactory deficit and older female patients performing better on olfactory tests.Conclusions and relevanceOlfactory deficits are present and robust in MCI. Odour identification is most impaired in MCI, which parallels the most prominent sensory deficit seen in AD. As such, a simple-to-administer test of odour identification warrants inclusion in the screening of individuals at risk for developing AD.
BackgroundThe connection between Alzheimer's disease (AD) and olfactory deficits is well documented and further, alterations in olfactory functioning may signal declines in functions associated with dementia. The aim of the present comprehensive meta-analysis was to investigate the nature of olfactory deficits in mild cognitive impairment (MCI).MethodsArticles were identified through computerised literature search from inception to 30 June 2016 using PubMed, MEDLINE and PsychInfo databases. In order to control for differences in sample size during effect size computation, studies were weighted according to their inverse variance estimates.Results31 articles (62 effects) were identified, which included 1993 MCI patients and 2861 healthy older adults (HOA). Included studies contrasted odour identification, discrimination, detection threshold and/or memory between cases and controls. Moderate to large and heterogeneous effects were seen for olfactory deficits in MCI relative to HOA (d=−0.76, 95% CI −0.87<δ<−0.64). Moderator analysis revealed that tests of odour identification yielded larger effect sizes than those of odour detection threshold or memory. In addition, a potential interaction between age and sex was observed, with male patients carrying a larger burden of olfactory deficit and older female patients performing better on olfactory tests.Conclusions and relevanceOlfactory deficits are present and robust in MCI. Odour identification is most impaired in MCI, which parallels the most prominent sensory deficit seen in AD. As such, a simple-to-administer test of odour identification warrants inclusion in the screening of individuals at risk for developing AD.
Background The connection between Alzheimer's disease (AD) and olfactory deficits is well documented and further, alterations in olfactory functioning may signal declines in functions associated with dementia. The aim of the present comprehensive meta-analysis was to investigate the nature of olfactory deficits in mild cognitive impairment (MCI). Methods Articles were identified through computerised literature search from inception to 30 June 2016 using PubMed, MEDLINE and PsychInfo databases. In order to control for differences in sample size during effect size computation, studies were weighted according to their inverse variance estimates. Results 31 articles (62 effects) were identified, which included 1993 MCI patients and 2861 healthy older adults (HOA). Included studies contrasted odour identification, discrimination, detection threshold and/or memory between cases and controls. Moderate to large and heterogeneous effects were seen for olfactory deficits in MCI relative to HOA (d=-0.76, 95% CI -0.87<δ<-0.64). Moderator analysis revealed that tests of odour identification yielded larger effect sizes than those of odour detection threshold or memory. In addition, a potential interaction between age and sex was observed, with male patients carrying a larger burden of olfactory deficit and older female patients performing better on olfactory tests. Conclusions and relevance Olfactory deficits are present and robust in MCI. Odour identification is most impaired in MCI, which parallels the most prominent sensory deficit seen in AD. As such, a simple-to-administer test of odour identification warrants inclusion in the screening of individuals at risk for developing AD.
Author Brennan, Laura
Kabadi, Sushila
Moberg, Madelyn J
Wolk, David A
Turetsky, Bruce I
Moberg, Paul J
Roalf, David R
AuthorAffiliation 2 Department of Neurology, Drexel University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
1 Department of Psychiatry, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
3 Department of Neurology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
AuthorAffiliation_xml – name: 2 Department of Neurology, Drexel University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
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  surname: Moberg
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BackLink https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28039318$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed
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ContentType Journal Article
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Copyright: 2017 Published by the BMJ Publishing Group Limited. For permission to use (where not already granted under a licence) please go to http://www.bmj.com/company/products-services/rights-and-licensing
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Snippet BackgroundThe connection between Alzheimer's disease (AD) and olfactory deficits is well documented and further, alterations in olfactory functioning may...
The connection between Alzheimer's disease (AD) and olfactory deficits is well documented and further, alterations in olfactory functioning may signal declines...
Background The connection between Alzheimer's disease (AD) and olfactory deficits is well documented and further, alterations in olfactory functioning may...
BACKGROUNDThe connection between Alzheimer's disease (AD) and olfactory deficits is well documented and further, alterations in olfactory functioning may...
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StartPage 226
SubjectTerms Cognitive Dysfunction - complications
Cognitive Dysfunction - epidemiology
Disease Progression
Humans
Olfaction Disorders - diagnosis
Sex Factors
Smell - physiology
Systematic review
Title A quantitative meta-analysis of olfactory dysfunction in mild cognitive impairment
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