Slow Recovery of Lichen on Burned Caribou Winter Range in Alaska Tundra: Potential Influences of Climate Warming and Other Disturbance Factors

Lichen regeneration timelines are needed to establish sound fire management guidelines for caribou (Rangifer tarandus) winter range. Paired burned and unburned permanent vegetative cover transects were established after 1981, 1977, and 1972 tundra fires in northwestern Alaska to document regrowth of...

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Published in:	Arctic, antarctic, and alpine research Vol. 40; no. 1; pp. 89 - 95
Main Authors:	Jandt, Randi, Joly, Kyle, Randy Meyers, C., Racine, Charles
Format:	Journal Article
Language:	English
Published:	UCB 450, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309-0450, U.S.A The Institute of Arctic and Alpine Research 01.02.2008 Taylor & Francis University of Colorado, Institute of Arctic and Alpine Research
Subjects:	Biological and medical sciences Climatology. Bioclimatology. Climate change Earth, ocean, space Exact sciences and technology External geophysics Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology Lichenes Meteorology Plant cytology, morphology, systematics, chorology and evolution Research s Thallophyta Warming Temperature Environmental factor Perturbation Dynamical climatology Fungi Climate change Vertebrata Mammalia Rangifer tarandus Global change Lichenes Alaska Artiodactyla Tundra Ungulata
ISSN:	1523-0430, 1938-4246
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Abstract	Lichen regeneration timelines are needed to establish sound fire management guidelines for caribou (Rangifer tarandus) winter range. Paired burned and unburned permanent vegetative cover transects were established after 1981, 1977, and 1972 tundra fires in northwestern Alaska to document regrowth of tundra vegetation including caribou forage lichens in the wintering range of Alaska's largest caribou herd. Following fire, lichen had recovered very little compared to unburned transects (1% cover vs.15% cover) after 14 years. After 24 or 25 years, lichen cover in the burns remained low (3–4%), whether or not caribou were present during the recovery period. In addition, lichen cover on unburned transects at one study site had decreased from 14% to 6%. Shrub cover was higher on the burned plots than the unburned plots. Cover of cottongrass (Eriophorum vaginatum) initially increased following the fire and tussocks quickly became more vigorous than on paired unburned transects, remaining so for more than 14 years. Persistent changes in vegetation following fire likely reflect the cumulative impacts of seasonal caribou use and favorable growing conditions (warmer soils, longer growing season) for rooted vascular species during the recovery period. The actual recovery of forage lichens after fire on our study sites is slower than predictions based on ideal growth potential.
AbstractList	Lichen regeneration timelines are needed to establish sound fire management guidelines for caribou ( Rangifer tarandus ) winter range. Paired burned and unburned permanent vegetative cover transects were established after 1981, 1977, and 1972 tundra fires in northwestern Alaska to document regrowth of tundra vegetation including caribou forage lichens in the wintering range of Alaska's largest caribou herd. Following fire, lichen had recovered very little compared to unburned transects (1% cover vs.15% cover) after 14 years. After 24 or 25 years, lichen cover in the burns remained low (3-4%), whether or not caribou were present during the recovery period. In addition, lichen cover on unburned transects at one study site had decreased from 14% to 6%. Shrub cover was higher on the burned plots than the unburned plots. Cover of cottongrass ( Eriophorum vaginatum ) initially increased following the fire and tussocks quickly became more vigorous than on paired unburned transects, remaining so for more than 14 years. Persistent changes in vegetation following fire likely reflect the cumulative impacts of seasonal caribou use and favorable growing conditions (warmer soils, longer growing season) for rooted vascular species during the recovery period. The actual recovery of forage lichens after fire on our study sites is slower than predictions based on ideal growth potential. Lichen regeneration timelines are needed to establish sound fire management guidelines for caribou (Rangifer tarandus) winter range. Paired burned and unburned permanent vegetative cover transects were established after 1981, 1977, and 1972 tundra fires in northwestern Alaska to document regrowth of tundra vegetation including caribou forage lichens in the wintering range of Alaska's largest caribou herd. Following fire, lichen had recovered very little compared to unburned transects (1% cover vs.15% cover) after 14 years. After 24 or 25 years, lichen cover in the burns remained low (3–4%), whether or not caribou were present during the recovery period. In addition, lichen cover on unburned transects at one study site had decreased from 14% to 6%. Shrub cover was higher on the burned plots than the unburned plots. Cover of cottongrass (Eriophorum vaginatum) initially increased following the fire and tussocks quickly became more vigorous than on paired unburned transects, remaining so for more than 14 years. Persistent changes in vegetation following fire likely reflect the cumulative impacts of seasonal caribou use and favorable growing conditions (warmer soils, longer growing season) for rooted vascular species during the recovery period. The actual recovery of forage lichens after fire on our study sites is slower than predictions based on ideal growth potential.
Author	Randy Meyers, C. Racine, Charles Jandt, Randi Joly, Kyle
Author_xml	– sequence: 1 givenname: Randi surname: Jandt fullname: Jandt, Randi email: Randi_Jandt@blm.gov organization: Bureau of Land Management, Alaska Fire Service, P.O. Box 35005, Fort Wainwright, Alaska 99703, U.S.A – sequence: 2 givenname: Kyle surname: Joly fullname: Joly, Kyle organization: Bureau of Land Management, Fairbanks District Office, 1150 University Avenue, Fairbanks, Alaska 99709, U.S.A – sequence: 3 givenname: C. surname: Randy Meyers fullname: Randy Meyers, C. organization: Bureau of Land Management (retired), P.O. Box 574, Kotzebue, Alaska 99752, U.S.A – sequence: 4 givenname: Charles surname: Racine fullname: Racine, Charles organization: Cold Regions Research and Engineering Lab (retired), 110 Blount Street, Edenton, North Carolina 27932, U.S.A
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Keywords	Warming Temperature Environmental factor Perturbation Dynamical climatology Fungi Climate change Vertebrata Mammalia Rangifer tarandus Global change Lichenes Alaska Artiodactyla Tundra Ungulata
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Snippet	Lichen regeneration timelines are needed to establish sound fire management guidelines for caribou (Rangifer tarandus) winter range. Paired burned and unburned... Lichen regeneration timelines are needed to establish sound fire management guidelines for caribou ( Rangifer tarandus ) winter range. Paired burned and...
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SubjectTerms	Biological and medical sciences Climatology. Bioclimatology. Climate change Earth, ocean, space Exact sciences and technology External geophysics Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology Lichenes Meteorology Plant cytology, morphology, systematics, chorology and evolution Research s Thallophyta
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Title	Slow Recovery of Lichen on Burned Caribou Winter Range in Alaska Tundra: Potential Influences of Climate Warming and Other Disturbance Factors
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