Developing and validating Parkinson’s disease subtypes and their motor and cognitive progression

ObjectivesTo use a data-driven approach to determine the existence and natural history of subtypes of Parkinson’s disease (PD) using two large independent cohorts of patients newly diagnosed with this condition.Methods1601 and 944 patients with idiopathic PD, from Tracking Parkinson’s and Discovery...

Celý popis

Uložené v:

Podrobná bibliografia
Vydané v:	Journal of neurology, neurosurgery and psychiatry Ročník 89; číslo 12; s. 1279 - 1287
Hlavní autori:	Lawton, Michael, Ben-Shlomo, Yoav, May, Margaret T, Baig, Fahd, Barber, Thomas R, Klein, Johannes C, Swallow, Diane M A, Malek, Naveed, Grosset, Katherine A, Bajaj, Nin, Barker, Roger A, Williams, Nigel, Burn, David J, Foltynie, Thomas, Morris, Huw R, Wood, Nicholas W, Grosset, Donald G, Hu, Michele T M
Médium:	Journal Article
Jazyk:	English
Vydavateľské údaje:	England BMJ Publishing Group LTD 01.12.2018 BMJ Publishing Group
Edícia:	Research paper
Predmet:	Aged Biomarkers Clinical trials Cluster analysis Disease Progression Female Humans Levodopa - therapeutic use Male Movement Disorders Neuropsychological Tests Parkinson Disease - classification Parkinson Disease - drug therapy Parkinson's disease Patients Prospective Studies Psychiatric Status Rating Scales Questionnaires Severity of Illness Index Variables Well being United Kingdom > UK
ISSN:	0022-3050, 1468-330X, 1468-330X
On-line prístup:	Získať plný text
Tagy:	Pridať tag Žiadne tagy, Buďte prvý, kto otaguje tento záznam!

Abstract	ObjectivesTo use a data-driven approach to determine the existence and natural history of subtypes of Parkinson’s disease (PD) using two large independent cohorts of patients newly diagnosed with this condition.Methods1601 and 944 patients with idiopathic PD, from Tracking Parkinson’s and Discovery cohorts, respectively, were evaluated in motor, cognitive and non-motor domains at the baseline assessment. Patients were recently diagnosed at entry (within 3.5 years of diagnosis) and were followed up every 18 months. We used a factor analysis followed by a k-means cluster analysis, while prognosis was measured using random slope and intercept models.ResultsWe identified four clusters: (1) fast motor progression with symmetrical motor disease, poor olfaction, cognition and postural hypotension; (2) mild motor and non-motor disease with intermediate motor progression; (3) severe motor disease, poor psychological well-being and poor sleep with an intermediate motor progression; (4) slow motor progression with tremor-dominant, unilateral disease. Clusters were moderately to substantially stable across the two cohorts (kappa 0.58). Cluster 1 had the fastest motor progression in Tracking Parkinson’s at 3.2 (95% CI 2.8 to 3.6) UPDRS III points per year while cluster 4 had the slowest at 0.6 (0.1–1.1). In Tracking Parkinson’s, cluster 2 had the largest response to levodopa 36.3% and cluster 4 the lowest 28.8%.ConclusionsWe have found four novel clusters that replicated well across two independent early PD cohorts and were associated with levodopa response and motor progression rates. This has potential implications for better understanding disease pathophysiology and the relevance of patient stratification in future clinical trials.
AbstractList	ObjectivesTo use a data-driven approach to determine the existence and natural history of subtypes of Parkinson’s disease (PD) using two large independent cohorts of patients newly diagnosed with this condition.Methods1601 and 944 patients with idiopathic PD, from Tracking Parkinson’s and Discovery cohorts, respectively, were evaluated in motor, cognitive and non-motor domains at the baseline assessment. Patients were recently diagnosed at entry (within 3.5 years of diagnosis) and were followed up every 18 months. We used a factor analysis followed by a k-means cluster analysis, while prognosis was measured using random slope and intercept models.ResultsWe identified four clusters: (1) fast motor progression with symmetrical motor disease, poor olfaction, cognition and postural hypotension; (2) mild motor and non-motor disease with intermediate motor progression; (3) severe motor disease, poor psychological well-being and poor sleep with an intermediate motor progression; (4) slow motor progression with tremor-dominant, unilateral disease. Clusters were moderately to substantially stable across the two cohorts (kappa 0.58). Cluster 1 had the fastest motor progression in Tracking Parkinson’s at 3.2 (95% CI 2.8 to 3.6) UPDRS III points per year while cluster 4 had the slowest at 0.6 (0.1–1.1). In Tracking Parkinson’s, cluster 2 had the largest response to levodopa 36.3% and cluster 4 the lowest 28.8%.ConclusionsWe have found four novel clusters that replicated well across two independent early PD cohorts and were associated with levodopa response and motor progression rates. This has potential implications for better understanding disease pathophysiology and the relevance of patient stratification in future clinical trials. To use a data-driven approach to determine the existence and natural history of subtypes of Parkinson's disease (PD) using two large independent cohorts of patients newly diagnosed with this condition.OBJECTIVESTo use a data-driven approach to determine the existence and natural history of subtypes of Parkinson's disease (PD) using two large independent cohorts of patients newly diagnosed with this condition.1601 and 944 patients with idiopathic PD, from Tracking Parkinson's and Discovery cohorts, respectively, were evaluated in motor, cognitive and non-motor domains at the baseline assessment. Patients were recently diagnosed at entry (within 3.5 years of diagnosis) and were followed up every 18 months. We used a factor analysis followed by a k-means cluster analysis, while prognosis was measured using random slope and intercept models.METHODS1601 and 944 patients with idiopathic PD, from Tracking Parkinson's and Discovery cohorts, respectively, were evaluated in motor, cognitive and non-motor domains at the baseline assessment. Patients were recently diagnosed at entry (within 3.5 years of diagnosis) and were followed up every 18 months. We used a factor analysis followed by a k-means cluster analysis, while prognosis was measured using random slope and intercept models.We identified four clusters: (1) fast motor progression with symmetrical motor disease, poor olfaction, cognition and postural hypotension; (2) mild motor and non-motor disease with intermediate motor progression; (3) severe motor disease, poor psychological well-being and poor sleep with an intermediate motor progression; (4) slow motor progression with tremor-dominant, unilateral disease. Clusters were moderately to substantially stable across the two cohorts (kappa 0.58). Cluster 1 had the fastest motor progression in Tracking Parkinson's at 3.2 (95% CI 2.8 to 3.6) UPDRS III points per year while cluster 4 had the slowest at 0.6 (0.1-1.1). In Tracking Parkinson's, cluster 2 had the largest response to levodopa 36.3% and cluster 4 the lowest 28.8%.RESULTSWe identified four clusters: (1) fast motor progression with symmetrical motor disease, poor olfaction, cognition and postural hypotension; (2) mild motor and non-motor disease with intermediate motor progression; (3) severe motor disease, poor psychological well-being and poor sleep with an intermediate motor progression; (4) slow motor progression with tremor-dominant, unilateral disease. Clusters were moderately to substantially stable across the two cohorts (kappa 0.58). Cluster 1 had the fastest motor progression in Tracking Parkinson's at 3.2 (95% CI 2.8 to 3.6) UPDRS III points per year while cluster 4 had the slowest at 0.6 (0.1-1.1). In Tracking Parkinson's, cluster 2 had the largest response to levodopa 36.3% and cluster 4 the lowest 28.8%.We have found four novel clusters that replicated well across two independent early PD cohorts and were associated with levodopa response and motor progression rates. This has potential implications for better understanding disease pathophysiology and the relevance of patient stratification in future clinical trials.CONCLUSIONSWe have found four novel clusters that replicated well across two independent early PD cohorts and were associated with levodopa response and motor progression rates. This has potential implications for better understanding disease pathophysiology and the relevance of patient stratification in future clinical trials. To use a data-driven approach to determine the existence and natural history of subtypes of Parkinson's disease (PD) using two large independent cohorts of patients newly diagnosed with this condition. 1601 and 944 patients with idiopathic PD, from Tracking Parkinson's and Discovery cohorts, respectively, were evaluated in motor, cognitive and non-motor domains at the baseline assessment. Patients were recently diagnosed at entry (within 3.5 years of diagnosis) and were followed up every 18 months. We used a factor analysis followed by a k-means cluster analysis, while prognosis was measured using random slope and intercept models. We identified four clusters: (1) with symmetrical motor disease, poor olfaction, cognition and postural hypotension; (2) with intermediate motor progression; (3) , and with an intermediate motor progression; (4) with tremor-dominant, unilateral disease. Clusters were moderately to substantially stable across the two cohorts (kappa 0.58). Cluster 1 had the fastest motor progression in Tracking Parkinson's at 3.2 (95% CI 2.8 to 3.6) UPDRS III points per year while cluster 4 had the slowest at 0.6 (0.1-1.1). In Tracking Parkinson's, cluster 2 had the largest response to levodopa 36.3% and cluster 4 the lowest 28.8%. We have found four novel clusters that replicated well across two independent early PD cohorts and were associated with levodopa response and motor progression rates. This has potential implications for better understanding disease pathophysiology and the relevance of patient stratification in future clinical trials. ObjectivesTo use a data-driven approach to determine the existence and natural history of subtypes of Parkinson’s disease (PD) using two large independent cohorts of patients newly diagnosed with this condition.Methods1601 and 944 patients with idiopathic PD, from Tracking Parkinson’s and Discovery cohorts, respectively, were evaluated in motor, cognitive and non-motor domains at the baseline assessment. Patients were recently diagnosed at entry (within 3.5 years of diagnosis) and were followed up every 18 months. We used a factor analysis followed by a k-means cluster analysis, while prognosis was measured using random slope and intercept models.ResultsWe identified four clusters: (1) fast motor progression with symmetrical motor disease, poor olfaction, cognition and postural hypotension; (2) mild motor and non-motor disease with intermediate motor progression; (3) severe motor disease, poor psychological well-being and poor sleep with an intermediate motor progression; (4) slow motor progression with tremor-dominant, unilateral disease. Clusters were moderately to substantially stable across the two cohorts (kappa 0.58). Cluster 1 had the fastest motor progression in Tracking Parkinson’s at 3.2 (95% CI 2.8 to 3.6) UPDRS III points per year while cluster 4 had the slowest at 0.6 (0.1–1.1). In Tracking Parkinson’s, cluster 2 had the largest response to levodopa 36.3% and cluster 4 the lowest 28.8%.ConclusionsWe have found four novel clusters that replicated well across two independent early PD cohorts and were associated with levodopa response and motor progression rates. This has potential implications for better understanding disease pathophysiology and the relevance of patient stratification in future clinical trials.
Author	Wood, Nicholas W Lawton, Michael May, Margaret T Foltynie, Thomas Swallow, Diane M A Barber, Thomas R Grosset, Katherine A Barker, Roger A Morris, Huw R Malek, Naveed Bajaj, Nin Williams, Nigel Ben-Shlomo, Yoav Baig, Fahd Hu, Michele T M Grosset, Donald G Klein, Johannes C Burn, David J
AuthorAffiliation	2 Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Division of Clinical Neurology , University of Oxford , Oxford , UK 9 Faculty of Medical Sciences , Newcastle University , Newcastle , UK 11 Department of Clinical Neuroscience , UCL Institute of Neurology , London , UK 7 Clinical Neurosciences , John van Geest Centre for Brain Repair , Cambridge , UK 8 Cardiff University , Institute of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences , Cardiff , UK 3 Oxford Parkinson’s Disease Centre , University of Oxford , Oxford , UK 12 Department of Molecular Neuroscience , UCL Institute of Neurology , London , UK 1 Department of Population Health Sciences , University of Bristol , Bristol , UK 5 Department of Neurology , Institute of Neurological Sciences , Glasgow , UK 4 Institute of Applied Health Sciences , University of Aberdeen , Aberdeen , UK 10 Sobell Department of Motor Neuroscience , UCL Institute of Neurology , London , UK 6 Department of Neurology , Queen’s Medical Centre , Nottingham , UK
AuthorAffiliation_xml	– name: 12 Department of Molecular Neuroscience , UCL Institute of Neurology , London , UK – name: 8 Cardiff University , Institute of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences , Cardiff , UK – name: 2 Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Division of Clinical Neurology , University of Oxford , Oxford , UK – name: 1 Department of Population Health Sciences , University of Bristol , Bristol , UK – name: 3 Oxford Parkinson’s Disease Centre , University of Oxford , Oxford , UK – name: 9 Faculty of Medical Sciences , Newcastle University , Newcastle , UK – name: 4 Institute of Applied Health Sciences , University of Aberdeen , Aberdeen , UK – name: 5 Department of Neurology , Institute of Neurological Sciences , Glasgow , UK – name: 6 Department of Neurology , Queen’s Medical Centre , Nottingham , UK – name: 7 Clinical Neurosciences , John van Geest Centre for Brain Repair , Cambridge , UK – name: 11 Department of Clinical Neuroscience , UCL Institute of Neurology , London , UK – name: 10 Sobell Department of Motor Neuroscience , UCL Institute of Neurology , London , UK
Author_xml	– sequence: 1 givenname: Michael orcidid: 0000-0002-3419-0354 surname: Lawton fullname: Lawton, Michael email: Michael.Lawton@bristol.ac.uk organization: Department of Population Health Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK – sequence: 2 givenname: Yoav surname: Ben-Shlomo fullname: Ben-Shlomo, Yoav email: Michael.Lawton@bristol.ac.uk organization: Department of Population Health Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK – sequence: 3 givenname: Margaret T surname: May fullname: May, Margaret T email: Michael.Lawton@bristol.ac.uk organization: Department of Population Health Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK – sequence: 4 givenname: Fahd surname: Baig fullname: Baig, Fahd email: Michael.Lawton@bristol.ac.uk organization: Oxford Parkinson’s Disease Centre, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK – sequence: 5 givenname: Thomas R surname: Barber fullname: Barber, Thomas R email: Michael.Lawton@bristol.ac.uk organization: Oxford Parkinson’s Disease Centre, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK – sequence: 6 givenname: Johannes C surname: Klein fullname: Klein, Johannes C email: Michael.Lawton@bristol.ac.uk organization: Oxford Parkinson’s Disease Centre, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK – sequence: 7 givenname: Diane M A surname: Swallow fullname: Swallow, Diane M A email: Michael.Lawton@bristol.ac.uk organization: Institute of Applied Health Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, UK – sequence: 8 givenname: Naveed surname: Malek fullname: Malek, Naveed email: Michael.Lawton@bristol.ac.uk organization: Department of Neurology, Institute of Neurological Sciences, Glasgow, UK – sequence: 9 givenname: Katherine A surname: Grosset fullname: Grosset, Katherine A email: Michael.Lawton@bristol.ac.uk organization: Department of Neurology, Institute of Neurological Sciences, Glasgow, UK – sequence: 10 givenname: Nin surname: Bajaj fullname: Bajaj, Nin email: Michael.Lawton@bristol.ac.uk organization: Department of Neurology, Queen’s Medical Centre, Nottingham, UK – sequence: 11 givenname: Roger A surname: Barker fullname: Barker, Roger A email: Michael.Lawton@bristol.ac.uk organization: Clinical Neurosciences, John van Geest Centre for Brain Repair, Cambridge, UK – sequence: 12 givenname: Nigel surname: Williams fullname: Williams, Nigel email: Michael.Lawton@bristol.ac.uk organization: Cardiff University, Institute of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, Cardiff, UK – sequence: 13 givenname: David J surname: Burn fullname: Burn, David J email: Michael.Lawton@bristol.ac.uk organization: Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle, UK – sequence: 14 givenname: Thomas surname: Foltynie fullname: Foltynie, Thomas email: Michael.Lawton@bristol.ac.uk organization: Sobell Department of Motor Neuroscience, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK – sequence: 15 givenname: Huw R surname: Morris fullname: Morris, Huw R email: Michael.Lawton@bristol.ac.uk organization: Department of Clinical Neuroscience, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK – sequence: 16 givenname: Nicholas W surname: Wood fullname: Wood, Nicholas W email: Michael.Lawton@bristol.ac.uk organization: Department of Molecular Neuroscience, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK – sequence: 17 givenname: Donald G surname: Grosset fullname: Grosset, Donald G email: Michael.Lawton@bristol.ac.uk organization: Department of Neurology, Institute of Neurological Sciences, Glasgow, UK – sequence: 18 givenname: Michele T M surname: Hu fullname: Hu, Michele T M email: Michael.Lawton@bristol.ac.uk organization: Oxford Parkinson’s Disease Centre, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
BackLink	https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30464029$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed
BookMark	eNqFkU2L1TAYhYOMOHdG966k4EaQaj7aNNkIMn7CgC4U3IW0eXMn1zapSXphdv4N_56_xHTujOgsNJvwkuccTt5zgo588IDQQ4KfEcL48533c00xETUjgrHuDtqQhpeJ4S9HaIMxpTXDLT5GJynt8HqEvIeOGW54g6ncoP4V7GEMs_PbSntT7fXojM7r-FHHr86n4H9-_5Eq4xLoBFVa-nw5Q7qi8wW4WE0hh3g1D2HrXXZ7qOYYthFScsHfR3etHhM8uL5P0ec3rz-dvavPP7x9f_byvO4bjnPdcOCyB7BcSEM1NIPtqDHQSNl3A1hmJLOstWLojCGtID0T1lLdWctBtoydohcH33npJzAD-Bz1qOboJh0vVdBO_f3i3YXahr3iVIhOyGLw5Noghm8LpKwmlwYYR-0hLElRwlvMBG9JQR_fQndhib58r1CN6DjFghfq0Z-Jfke5WX8B-AEYYkgpglWDy2X7YQ3oRkWwWntWa89q7Vkdei5CfEt44_0PydODpJ92_6d_AVgavRo
CitedBy_id	crossref_primary_10_1002_hbm_25155 crossref_primary_10_1038_s41531_020_00144_9 crossref_primary_10_3389_fnagi_2022_1040293 crossref_primary_10_1002_acn3_51102 crossref_primary_10_1109_TNSRE_2021_3082936 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_jdbs_2025_06_002 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_ymthe_2021_01_001 crossref_primary_10_3233_JPD_230209 crossref_primary_10_1109_ACCESS_2024_3405009 crossref_primary_10_1038_s41591_019_0727_5 crossref_primary_10_1212_WNL_0000000000011743 crossref_primary_10_3389_fneur_2020_00548 crossref_primary_10_1038_s41598_020_64862_z crossref_primary_10_1038_s41598_025_92726_x crossref_primary_10_1002_mds_28030 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_eswa_2024_125506 crossref_primary_10_1136_jnnp_2022_330394 crossref_primary_10_1186_s12883_024_03857_z crossref_primary_10_1038_s43856_025_00817_7 crossref_primary_10_7554_eLife_92775 crossref_primary_10_1055_a_2521_3214 crossref_primary_10_1002_advs_202511289 crossref_primary_10_1136_jnnp_2021_327376 crossref_primary_10_3389_fnins_2022_836605 crossref_primary_10_1371_journal_pone_0287078 crossref_primary_10_3390_biomedicines11020573 crossref_primary_10_1002_mds_27888 crossref_primary_10_3233_JPD_191775 crossref_primary_10_1002_mds_29708 crossref_primary_10_1007_s00415_023_11921_w crossref_primary_10_1002_mds_29662 crossref_primary_10_1038_s41531_021_00208_4 crossref_primary_10_1186_s13059_020_01960_1 crossref_primary_10_1177_1877718X251365253 crossref_primary_10_3389_fimmu_2020_00337 crossref_primary_10_1038_s41531_024_00729_8 crossref_primary_10_1038_s41598_023_30038_8 crossref_primary_10_3233_JPD_212866 crossref_primary_10_3390_diagnostics12010112 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_parkreldis_2024_107208 crossref_primary_10_1109_TMI_2020_3031478 crossref_primary_10_1007_s11682_024_00862_1 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_compbiomed_2020_104142 crossref_primary_10_2196_47486 crossref_primary_10_3233_JPD_191763 crossref_primary_10_1002_acn3_50853 crossref_primary_10_1007_s42979_022_01123_y crossref_primary_10_1002_mds_29451 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_jns_2024_123359 crossref_primary_10_1080_14728214_2025_2517582 crossref_primary_10_1080_17460441_2019_1638908 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_jsmc_2025_06_007 crossref_primary_10_1038_s41531_024_00651_z crossref_primary_10_1111_cns_13753 crossref_primary_10_1136_jnnp_2019_322042 crossref_primary_10_1038_s41531_022_00439_z crossref_primary_10_1016_j_neuroimage_2020_117300 crossref_primary_10_1038_s41531_024_00832_w crossref_primary_10_1055_a_2553_7854 crossref_primary_10_3233_JPD_213070 crossref_primary_10_1002_mds_27783 crossref_primary_10_1038_s41531_022_00412_w crossref_primary_10_1212_NXG_0000000000200115 crossref_primary_10_1038_s41531_021_00228_0 crossref_primary_10_3389_fnagi_2022_1040405 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_parkreldis_2021_05_016 crossref_primary_10_3389_fnagi_2023_1240971 crossref_primary_10_1136_jnnp_2021_327880 crossref_primary_10_1177_1877718X251323914 crossref_primary_10_1001_jama_2019_22360 crossref_primary_10_1136_bmjopen_2021_049530 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_neuri_2022_100100 crossref_primary_10_1007_s43440_020_00120_3 crossref_primary_10_3233_JPD_230419 crossref_primary_10_7554_eLife_92775_3 crossref_primary_10_1002_mds_28342 crossref_primary_10_1155_2022_6233835 crossref_primary_10_3233_JPD_191627 crossref_primary_10_3389_fneur_2020_620585 crossref_primary_10_1038_s41531_023_00466_4 crossref_primary_10_3389_fnagi_2022_1023574 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_parkreldis_2024_107016 crossref_primary_10_1097_MD_0000000000026995 crossref_primary_10_2196_16452 crossref_primary_10_1007_s13311_020_00894_7 crossref_primary_10_1186_s12859_022_04675_1 crossref_primary_10_3389_fneur_2019_00419 crossref_primary_10_3233_JPD_202346 crossref_primary_10_3389_fneur_2021_662278 crossref_primary_10_3390_ijms22094820 crossref_primary_10_1371_journal_pone_0233296 crossref_primary_10_1177_1877718X241301041 crossref_primary_10_3233_JPD_191856 crossref_primary_10_3389_fneur_2020_00686 crossref_primary_10_3389_fneur_2019_01222 crossref_primary_10_1038_s41531_021_00206_6 crossref_primary_10_3390_molecules30153154 crossref_primary_10_55971_EJLS_1727347 crossref_primary_10_1111_cns_14918 crossref_primary_10_3389_fneur_2020_577128 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_neuropharm_2021_108822 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_neulet_2019_134437 crossref_primary_10_1111_ejn_14094 crossref_primary_10_3389_fneur_2020_00731 crossref_primary_10_1093_brain_awae303 crossref_primary_10_1186_s40537_023_00819_z crossref_primary_10_3233_JPD_202472 crossref_primary_10_1186_s13073_022_01132_9 crossref_primary_10_1002_mds_28763 crossref_primary_10_1093_brain_awab431
Cites_doi	10.1023/B:JOPA.0000039566.75368.59 10.1007/s10928-006-9012-6 10.3233/JPD-140523 10.1093/brain/awp234 10.1007/s11095-006-9202-3 10.1016/S1474-4422(11)70073-4 10.1136/jnnp.2003.033530 10.2307/2529310 10.1093/brain/awx118 10.1002/mds.23346 10.3233/JPD-150662 10.1038/nrneurol.2016.196 10.1016/j.parkreldis.2013.09.025 10.1002/mds.23116 10.1007/s100720200078 10.1001/jamaneurol.2015.0703 10.1111/j.1365-2125.2012.04192.x 10.1016/S1474-4422(17)30328-9 10.1007/s00415-008-0782-1 10.1002/1531-8257(199901)14:1<10::AID-MDS1005>3.0.CO;2-4 10.1002/mds.23429 10.1631/jzus.B1100069 10.1371/journal.pone.0070244 10.1016/j.parkreldis.2008.09.003 10.1136/jnnp-2013-305277 10.1037/1082-989X.2.1.64
ContentType	Journal Article
Copyright	Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2018. Re-use permitted under CC BY. Published by BMJ. 2018 Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2018. Re-use permitted under CC BY. Published by BMJ. This is an Open access article distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported (CC BY 4.0) license, which permits others to copy, redistribute, remix, transform and build upon this work for any purpose, provided the original work is properly cited, a link to the licence is given, and indication of whether changes were made. See: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ . Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License. Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2018. Re-use permitted under CC BY. Published by BMJ. 2018
Copyright_xml	– notice: Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2018. Re-use permitted under CC BY. Published by BMJ. – notice: 2018 Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2018. Re-use permitted under CC BY. Published by BMJ. This is an Open access article distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported (CC BY 4.0) license, which permits others to copy, redistribute, remix, transform and build upon this work for any purpose, provided the original work is properly cited, a link to the licence is given, and indication of whether changes were made. See: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ . Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License. – notice: Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2018. Re-use permitted under CC BY. Published by BMJ. 2018
DBID	9YT ACMMV AAYXX CITATION CGR CUY CVF ECM EIF NPM 3V. 7RV 7X7 7XB 88E 88G 88I 8AF 8FI 8FJ 8FK ABUWG AFKRA AZQEC BENPR BTHHO CCPQU DWQXO FYUFA GHDGH GNUQQ HCIFZ K9. KB0 M0S M1P M2M M2P NAPCQ PHGZM PHGZT PJZUB PKEHL PPXIY PQEST PQQKQ PQUKI PRINS PSYQQ Q9U 7X8 5PM
DOI	10.1136/jnnp-2018-318337
DatabaseName	BMJ Open Access Journals BMJ Journals:Open Access CrossRef Medline MEDLINE MEDLINE (Ovid) MEDLINE MEDLINE PubMed ProQuest Central (Corporate) Nursing & Allied Health Database Health & Medical Collection ProQuest Central (purchase pre-March 2016) Medical Database (Alumni Edition) Psychology Database (Alumni) Science Database (Alumni Edition) STEM Database Hospital Premium Collection Hospital Premium Collection (Alumni Edition) ProQuest Central (Alumni) (purchase pre-March 2016) ProQuest Central (Alumni) ProQuest Central UK/Ireland ProQuest Central Essentials ProQuest Central BMJ Journals ProQuest One Community College ProQuest Central Health Research Premium Collection Health Research Premium Collection (Alumni) ProQuest Central Student SciTech Premium Collection ProQuest Health & Medical Complete (Alumni) Nursing & Allied Health Database (Alumni Edition) ProQuest Health & Medical Collection Medical Database Psychology Database (ProQuest) Science Database Nursing & Allied Health Premium Proquest Central Premium ProQuest One Academic ProQuest Health & Medical Research Collection ProQuest One Academic Middle East (New) One Health & Nursing ProQuest One Academic Eastern Edition (DO NOT USE) ProQuest One Academic (retired) ProQuest One Academic UKI Edition ProQuest Central China ProQuest One Psychology ProQuest Central Basic MEDLINE - Academic PubMed Central (Full Participant titles)
DatabaseTitle	CrossRef MEDLINE Medline Complete MEDLINE with Full Text PubMed MEDLINE (Ovid) ProQuest One Psychology ProQuest Central Student ProQuest One Academic Middle East (New) ProQuest Central Essentials ProQuest Health & Medical Complete (Alumni) ProQuest AP Science ProQuest Central (Alumni Edition) SciTech Premium Collection ProQuest One Community College ProQuest One Health & Nursing ProQuest Central China ProQuest Central ProQuest Health & Medical Research Collection Health Research Premium Collection Health and Medicine Complete (Alumni Edition) ProQuest Central Korea Health & Medical Research Collection ProQuest Central (New) ProQuest Medical Library (Alumni) ProQuest Science Journals (Alumni Edition) ProQuest Central Basic ProQuest Science Journals ProQuest One Academic Eastern Edition ProQuest Nursing & Allied Health Source ProQuest Hospital Collection Health Research Premium Collection (Alumni) ProQuest Psychology Journals (Alumni) ProQuest Hospital Collection (Alumni) Nursing & Allied Health Premium ProQuest Health & Medical Complete ProQuest Medical Library ProQuest Psychology Journals ProQuest One Academic UKI Edition BMJ Journals ProQuest Nursing & Allied Health Source (Alumni) ProQuest One Academic ProQuest One Academic (New) ProQuest Central (Alumni) MEDLINE - Academic
DatabaseTitleList	MEDLINE - Academic MEDLINE ProQuest One Psychology
Database_xml	– sequence: 1 dbid: NPM name: PubMed url: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed sourceTypes: Index Database – sequence: 2 dbid: 7RV name: Nursing & Allied Health Database url: https://search.proquest.com/nahs sourceTypes: Aggregation Database
DeliveryMethod	fulltext_linktorsrc
Discipline	Medicine
EISSN	1468-330X
EndPage	1287
ExternalDocumentID	PMC6288789 30464029 10_1136_jnnp_2018_318337 jnnp
Genre	Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't Journal Article
GeographicLocations	United Kingdom--UK
GeographicLocations_xml	– name: United Kingdom--UK
GrantInformation_xml	– fundername: Medical Research Council grantid: MR/L010305/1 – fundername: Department of Health – fundername: Wellcome Trust – fundername: Medical Research Council grantid: MC_EX_MR/N50192X/1 – fundername: Medical Research Council grantid: MR/L023784/1 – fundername: Medical Research Council grantid: G0700943 – fundername: Parkinson's UK grantid: J-1101 – fundername: Medical Research Council grantid: MR/M024962/1 – fundername: Parkinson's UK grantid: J-0901 – fundername: Parkinson's UK grantid: H-1703 – fundername: ;
GroupedDBID	--- .55 .GJ .VT 0R~ 18M 29L 2WC 354 39C 3O- 4.4 40O 41~ 53G 5GY 5RE 5VS 7RV 7X7 7~S 88E 88I 8AF 8FI 8FJ 8R4 8R5 9YT AAHLL AAKAS AAOJX AAUVZ AAWJN AAWTL ABAAH ABIVO ABJNI ABKDF ABMQD ABOCM ABUWG ABVAJ ACGFO ACGFS ACGOD ACGTL ACHTP ACMFJ ACMMV ACOAB ACOFX ACQSR ACTZY ADBBV ADCEG ADFRT ADUGQ ADZCM AEKJL AENEX AFKRA AFWFF AGQPQ AHMBA AHNKE AHQMW AI. AJYBZ AKKEP ALIPV ALMA_UNASSIGNED_HOLDINGS AZFZN AZQEC BAWUL BENPR BLJBA BOMFT BPHCQ BTFSW BTHHO BVXVI C45 CAG CCPQU COF CS3 CXRWF DIK DU5 DWQXO E3Z EBS EJD EX3 F5P FEDTE FYUFA GNUQQ GX1 H13 HAJ HCIFZ HMCUK HVGLF HYE HZ~ IAO IEA IHR INH INR IOF IPO IPY ITC J5H KQ8 L7B M1P M2M M2P N9A NAPCQ NTWIH NXWIF O9- OK1 OMB OMG OVD P2P PCD PHGZT PQQKQ PROAC PSQYO PSYQQ Q2X R53 RHI RMJ RPM RV8 SJN TEORI TR2 UKHRP UPT UYXKK V24 VH1 VM9 VVN W8F WH7 WOW X7M YFH YQT YQY ZGI AAYXX ACQHZ AERUA AFFHD CITATION PHGZM PJZUB PPXIY ADGHP CGR CUY CVF ECM EIF NPM 3V. 7XB 8FK K9. PKEHL PQEST PQUKI PRINS Q9U 7X8 PUEGO 5PM
ID	FETCH-LOGICAL-b460t-46e69beef689d2ae4cf72dde499b7cef3d93f35f8c7dd1581b38ff2a7ff6e9533
IEDL.DBID	7RV
ISICitedReferencesCount	126
ISICitedReferencesURI	http://www.webofscience.com/api/gateway?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=Summon&SrcAuth=ProQuest&DestLinkType=CitingArticles&DestApp=WOS_CPL&KeyUT=000452870900009&url=https%3A%2F%2Fcvtisr.summon.serialssolutions.com%2F%23%21%2Fsearch%3Fho%3Df%26include.ft.matches%3Dt%26l%3Dnull%26q%3D
ISSN	0022-3050 1468-330X
IngestDate	Tue Nov 04 01:58:22 EST 2025 Thu Sep 04 16:59:10 EDT 2025 Tue Oct 07 07:28:57 EDT 2025 Mon Jul 21 06:08:15 EDT 2025 Tue Nov 18 21:52:05 EST 2025 Sat Nov 29 02:37:21 EST 2025 Thu Apr 24 23:07:35 EDT 2025
IsDoiOpenAccess	true
IsOpenAccess	true
IsPeerReviewed	true
IsScholarly	true
Issue	12
Language	English
License	This is an Open access article distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported (CC BY 4.0) license, which permits others to copy, redistribute, remix, transform and build upon this work for any purpose, provided the original work is properly cited, a link to the licence is given, and indication of whether changes were made. See: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2018. Re-use permitted under CC BY. Published by BMJ.
LinkModel	DirectLink
MergedId	FETCHMERGED-LOGICAL-b460t-46e69beef689d2ae4cf72dde499b7cef3d93f35f8c7dd1581b38ff2a7ff6e9533
Notes	ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 content type line 14 content type line 23 DGG and MTMH are joint senior authors.
ORCID	0000-0002-3419-0354
OpenAccessLink	https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/PMC6288789
PMID	30464029
PQID	2148762086
PQPubID	2041879
PageCount	9
ParticipantIDs	pubmedcentral_primary_oai_pubmedcentral_nih_gov_6288789 proquest_miscellaneous_2165038651 proquest_journals_2148762086 pubmed_primary_30464029 crossref_citationtrail_10_1136_jnnp_2018_318337 crossref_primary_10_1136_jnnp_2018_318337 bmj_primary_10_1136_jnnp_2018_318337
PublicationCentury	2000
PublicationDate	2018-12-01
PublicationDateYYYYMMDD	2018-12-01
PublicationDate_xml	– month: 12 year: 2018 text: 2018-12-01 day: 01
PublicationDecade	2010
PublicationPlace	England
PublicationPlace_xml	– name: England – name: London – name: BMA House, Tavistock Square, London, WC1H 9JR
PublicationSeriesTitle	Research paper
PublicationTitle	Journal of neurology, neurosurgery and psychiatry
PublicationTitleAlternate	J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry
PublicationYear	2018
Publisher	BMJ Publishing Group LTD BMJ Publishing Group
Publisher_xml	– name: BMJ Publishing Group LTD – name: BMJ Publishing Group
References	Malek, Swallow, Grosset 2015; 5 Fereshtehnejad, Zeighami, Dagher 2017; 140 Graham, Sagar 1999; 14 Latourelle, Beste, Hadzi 2017; 16 Rascol, Fitzer-Attas, Hauser 2011; 10 Post, Speelman, de Haan 2008; 255 Liu, Feng, Wang 2011; 12 Selikhova, Williams, Kempster 2009; 132 Espay, Brundin, Lang 2017; 13 Vu, Nutt, Holford 2012; 74 Williams-Gray, Mason, Evans 2013; 84 Landis, Koch 1977; 33 Schrag, Quinn, Ben-Shlomo 2006; 77 Lawton, Baig, Rolinski 2015; 5 Erro, Vitale, Amboni 2013; 8 Chan, Nutt, Holford 2004; 31 van Rooden, Colas, Martínez-Martín 2011; 26 Tomlinson, Stowe, Patel 2010; 25 Reijnders, Ehrt, Lousberg 2009; 15 van Rooden, Heiser, Kok 2010; 25 Holford, Chan, Nutt 2006; 33 Fereshtehnejad, Romenets, Anang 2015; 72 Hedeker, Gibbons 1997; 2 Lewis, Foltynie, Blackwell 2005; 76 Gasparoli, Delibori, Polesello 2002; 23 Chan, Nutt, Holford 2007; 24 Szewczyk-Krolikowski, Tomlinson, Nithi 2014; 20 Latourelle (2020050722284951000_89.12.1279.8) 2017; 16 Lawton (2020050722284951000_89.12.1279.9) 2015; 5 Fereshtehnejad (2020050722284951000_89.12.1279.3) 2015; 72 2020050722284951000_89.12.1279.12 2020050722284951000_89.12.1279.13 2020050722284951000_89.12.1279.10 2020050722284951000_89.12.1279.11 2020050722284951000_89.12.1279.17 2020050722284951000_89.12.1279.14 2020050722284951000_89.12.1279.15 2020050722284951000_89.12.1279.18 2020050722284951000_89.12.1279.19 2020050722284951000_89.12.1279.20 Fereshtehnejad (2020050722284951000_89.12.1279.22) 2017; 140 2020050722284951000_89.12.1279.23 Schrag (2020050722284951000_89.12.1279.21) 2006; 77 2020050722284951000_89.12.1279.24 2020050722284951000_89.12.1279.27 2020050722284951000_89.12.1279.25 2020050722284951000_89.12.1279.26 2020050722284951000_89.12.1279.1 2020050722284951000_89.12.1279.2 2020050722284951000_89.12.1279.4 2020050722284951000_89.12.1279.5 2020050722284951000_89.12.1279.6 2020050722284951000_89.12.1279.7 Gasparoli (2020050722284951000_89.12.1279.16) 2002; 23
References_xml	– volume: 31 start-page: 243 year: 2004 article-title: Modeling the short- and long-duration responses to exogenous levodopa and to endogenous levodopa production in Parkinson's disease publication-title: J Pharmacokinet Pharmacodyn doi: 10.1023/B:JOPA.0000039566.75368.59 – volume: 33 start-page: 281 year: 2006 article-title: Disease progression and pharmacodynamics in Parkinson disease—evidence for functional protection with levodopa and other treatments publication-title: J Pharmacokinet Pharmacodyn doi: 10.1007/s10928-006-9012-6 – volume: 5 start-page: 269 year: 2015 article-title: Parkinson's disease subtypes in the Oxford Parkinson Disease Centre (OPDC) discovery cohort publication-title: J Parkinsons Dis doi: 10.3233/JPD-140523 – volume: 132 start-page: 2947 issue: Pt 11 year: 2009 article-title: A clinico-pathological study of subtypes in Parkinson's disease publication-title: Brain doi: 10.1093/brain/awp234 – volume: 77 start-page: 275 year: 2006 article-title: Heterogeneity of Parkinson's disease publication-title: J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry – volume: 24 start-page: 791 year: 2007 article-title: Levodopa slows progression of Parkinson's disease: external validation by clinical trial simulation publication-title: Pharm Res doi: 10.1007/s11095-006-9202-3 – volume: 10 start-page: 415 year: 2011 article-title: A double-blind, delayed-start trial of rasagiline in Parkinson's disease (the ADAGIO study): prespecified and post-hoc analyses of the need for additional therapies, changes in UPDRS scores, and non-motor outcomes publication-title: Lancet Neurol doi: 10.1016/S1474-4422(11)70073-4 – volume: 76 start-page: 343 year: 2005 article-title: Heterogeneity of Parkinson's disease in the early clinical stages using a data driven approach publication-title: J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry doi: 10.1136/jnnp.2003.033530 – volume: 33 start-page: 159 year: 1977 article-title: The measurement of observer agreement for categorical data publication-title: Biometrics doi: 10.2307/2529310 – volume: 140 start-page: 1959 year: 2017 article-title: Clinical criteria for subtyping Parkinson's disease: biomarkers and longitudinal progression publication-title: Brain doi: 10.1093/brain/awx118 – volume: 26 start-page: 51 year: 2011 article-title: Clinical subtypes of Parkinson's disease publication-title: Mov Disord doi: 10.1002/mds.23346 – volume: 5 start-page: 947 year: 2015 article-title: Tracking Parkinson's: study design and baseline patient data publication-title: J Parkinsons Dis doi: 10.3233/JPD-150662 – volume: 13 start-page: 119 year: 2017 article-title: Precision medicine for disease modification in Parkinson disease publication-title: Nat Rev Neurol doi: 10.1038/nrneurol.2016.196 – volume: 20 start-page: 99 year: 2014 article-title: The influence of age and gender on motor and non-motor features of early Parkinson's disease: initial findings from the Oxford Parkinson Disease Center (OPDC) discovery cohort publication-title: Parkinsonism Relat Disord doi: 10.1016/j.parkreldis.2013.09.025 – volume: 25 start-page: 969 year: 2010 article-title: The identification of Parkinson's disease subtypes using cluster analysis: a systematic review publication-title: Mov Disord doi: 10.1002/mds.23116 – volume: 23 start-page: s77 issue: Suppl 2 year: 2002 article-title: Clinical predictors in Parkinson's disease publication-title: Neurol Sci doi: 10.1007/s100720200078 – volume: 72 start-page: 863 year: 2015 article-title: New clinical subtypes of Parkinson disease and their longitudinal progression: a prospective cohort comparison with other phenotypes publication-title: JAMA Neurol doi: 10.1001/jamaneurol.2015.0703 – volume: 74 start-page: 267 year: 2012 article-title: Progression of motor and nonmotor features of Parkinson's disease and their response to treatment publication-title: Br J Clin Pharmacol doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2125.2012.04192.x – volume: 16 start-page: 908 year: 2017 article-title: Large-scale identification of clinical and genetic predictors of motor progression in patients with newly diagnosed Parkinson's disease: a longitudinal cohort study and validation publication-title: Lancet Neurol doi: 10.1016/S1474-4422(17)30328-9 – volume: 255 start-page: 716 year: 2008 article-title: Clinical heterogeneity in newly diagnosed Parkinson's disease publication-title: J Neurol doi: 10.1007/s00415-008-0782-1 – volume: 14 start-page: 10 year: 1999 article-title: A data-driven approach to the study of heterogeneity in idiopathic Parkinson's disease: identification of three distinct subtypes publication-title: Mov Disord doi: 10.1002/1531-8257(199901)14:1<10::AID-MDS1005>3.0.CO;2-4 – volume: 25 start-page: 2649 year: 2010 article-title: Systematic review of levodopa dose equivalency reporting in Parkinson's disease publication-title: Mov Disord doi: 10.1002/mds.23429 – volume: 12 start-page: 694 year: 2011 article-title: Clinical heterogeneity in patients with early-stage Parkinson's disease: a cluster analysis publication-title: J Zhejiang Univ Sci B doi: 10.1631/jzus.B1100069 – volume: 8 year: 2013 article-title: The heterogeneity of early Parkinson's disease: a cluster analysis on newly diagnosed untreated patients publication-title: PLoS One doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0070244 – volume: 15 start-page: 379 year: 2009 article-title: The association between motor subtypes and psychopathology in Parkinson's disease publication-title: Parkinsonism Relat Disord doi: 10.1016/j.parkreldis.2008.09.003 – volume: 84 start-page: 1258 year: 2013 article-title: The CamPaIGN study of Parkinson's disease: 10-year outlook in an incident population-based cohort publication-title: J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry doi: 10.1136/jnnp-2013-305277 – volume: 2 start-page: 64 year: 1997 article-title: Application of random-effects pattern-mixture models for missing data in longitudinal studies publication-title: Psychol Methods doi: 10.1037/1082-989X.2.1.64 – volume: 77 start-page: 275 year: 2006 ident: 2020050722284951000_89.12.1279.21 article-title: Heterogeneity of Parkinson's disease publication-title: J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry – volume: 16 start-page: 908 year: 2017 ident: 2020050722284951000_89.12.1279.8 article-title: Large-scale identification of clinical and genetic predictors of motor progression in patients with newly diagnosed Parkinson's disease: a longitudinal cohort study and validation publication-title: Lancet Neurol doi: 10.1016/S1474-4422(17)30328-9 – ident: 2020050722284951000_89.12.1279.5 doi: 10.1002/mds.23346 – ident: 2020050722284951000_89.12.1279.26 doi: 10.1007/s10928-006-9012-6 – ident: 2020050722284951000_89.12.1279.10 doi: 10.3233/JPD-150662 – ident: 2020050722284951000_89.12.1279.4 doi: 10.1002/1531-8257(199901)14:1<10::AID-MDS1005>3.0.CO;2-4 – volume: 5 start-page: 269 year: 2015 ident: 2020050722284951000_89.12.1279.9 article-title: Parkinson's disease subtypes in the Oxford Parkinson Disease Centre (OPDC) discovery cohort publication-title: J Parkinsons Dis doi: 10.3233/JPD-140523 – ident: 2020050722284951000_89.12.1279.25 doi: 10.1007/s11095-006-9202-3 – ident: 2020050722284951000_89.12.1279.14 doi: 10.1037/1082-989X.2.1.64 – ident: 2020050722284951000_89.12.1279.1 doi: 10.1038/nrneurol.2016.196 – ident: 2020050722284951000_89.12.1279.20 doi: 10.1016/j.parkreldis.2008.09.003 – ident: 2020050722284951000_89.12.1279.15 doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0070244 – volume: 140 start-page: 1959 year: 2017 ident: 2020050722284951000_89.12.1279.22 article-title: Clinical criteria for subtyping Parkinson's disease: biomarkers and longitudinal progression publication-title: Brain doi: 10.1093/brain/awx118 – ident: 2020050722284951000_89.12.1279.17 doi: 10.1136/jnnp.2003.033530 – ident: 2020050722284951000_89.12.1279.18 doi: 10.1631/jzus.B1100069 – ident: 2020050722284951000_89.12.1279.12 doi: 10.1002/mds.23429 – ident: 2020050722284951000_89.12.1279.6 doi: 10.1002/mds.23116 – ident: 2020050722284951000_89.12.1279.19 doi: 10.1007/s00415-008-0782-1 – ident: 2020050722284951000_89.12.1279.27 doi: 10.1093/brain/awp234 – volume: 72 start-page: 863 year: 2015 ident: 2020050722284951000_89.12.1279.3 article-title: New clinical subtypes of Parkinson disease and their longitudinal progression: a prospective cohort comparison with other phenotypes publication-title: JAMA Neurol doi: 10.1001/jamaneurol.2015.0703 – ident: 2020050722284951000_89.12.1279.23 doi: 10.1016/S1474-4422(11)70073-4 – ident: 2020050722284951000_89.12.1279.11 doi: 10.1016/j.parkreldis.2013.09.025 – ident: 2020050722284951000_89.12.1279.2 doi: 10.1136/jnnp-2013-305277 – volume: 23 start-page: s77 issue: Suppl 2 year: 2002 ident: 2020050722284951000_89.12.1279.16 article-title: Clinical predictors in Parkinson's disease publication-title: Neurol Sci doi: 10.1007/s100720200078 – ident: 2020050722284951000_89.12.1279.7 doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2125.2012.04192.x – ident: 2020050722284951000_89.12.1279.24 doi: 10.1023/B:JOPA.0000039566.75368.59 – ident: 2020050722284951000_89.12.1279.13 doi: 10.2307/2529310
SSID	ssj0000089
Score	2.60481
Snippet	ObjectivesTo use a data-driven approach to determine the existence and natural history of subtypes of Parkinson’s disease (PD) using two large independent... To use a data-driven approach to determine the existence and natural history of subtypes of Parkinson's disease (PD) using two large independent cohorts of... ObjectivesTo use a data-driven approach to determine the existence and natural history of subtypes of Parkinson’s disease (PD) using two large independent... To use a data-driven approach to determine the existence and natural history of subtypes of Parkinson's disease (PD) using two large independent cohorts of...
SourceID	pubmedcentral proquest pubmed crossref bmj
SourceType	Open Access Repository Aggregation Database Index Database Enrichment Source Publisher
StartPage	1279
SubjectTerms	Aged Biomarkers Clinical trials Cluster analysis Disease Progression Female Humans Levodopa - therapeutic use Male Movement Disorders Neuropsychological Tests Parkinson Disease - classification Parkinson Disease - drug therapy Parkinson's disease Patients Prospective Studies Psychiatric Status Rating Scales Questionnaires Severity of Illness Index Variables Well being
Title	Developing and validating Parkinson’s disease subtypes and their motor and cognitive progression
URI	https://jnnp.bmj.com/content/89/12/1279.full https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30464029 https://www.proquest.com/docview/2148762086 https://www.proquest.com/docview/2165038651 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/PMC6288789
Volume	89
WOSCitedRecordID	wos000452870900009&url=https%3A%2F%2Fcvtisr.summon.serialssolutions.com%2F%23%21%2Fsearch%3Fho%3Df%26include.ft.matches%3Dt%26l%3Dnull%26q%3D
hasFullText	1
inHoldings	1
isFullTextHit
isPrint
journalDatabaseRights	– providerCode: PRVPQU databaseName: Health & Medical Collection customDbUrl: eissn: 1468-330X dateEnd: 20250607 omitProxy: false ssIdentifier: ssj0000089 issn: 0022-3050 databaseCode: 7X7 dateStart: 19440701 isFulltext: true titleUrlDefault: https://search.proquest.com/healthcomplete providerName: ProQuest – providerCode: PRVPQU databaseName: Nursing & Allied Health Database customDbUrl: eissn: 1468-330X dateEnd: 20250607 omitProxy: false ssIdentifier: ssj0000089 issn: 0022-3050 databaseCode: 7RV dateStart: 19440701 isFulltext: true titleUrlDefault: https://search.proquest.com/nahs providerName: ProQuest – providerCode: PRVPQU databaseName: ProQuest Central customDbUrl: eissn: 1468-330X dateEnd: 20250607 omitProxy: false ssIdentifier: ssj0000089 issn: 0022-3050 databaseCode: BENPR dateStart: 19440701 isFulltext: true titleUrlDefault: https://www.proquest.com/central providerName: ProQuest – providerCode: PRVPQU databaseName: Psychology Database customDbUrl: eissn: 1468-330X dateEnd: 20250607 omitProxy: false ssIdentifier: ssj0000089 issn: 0022-3050 databaseCode: M2M dateStart: 19440701 isFulltext: true titleUrlDefault: https://www.proquest.com/psychology providerName: ProQuest – providerCode: PRVPQU databaseName: Science Database customDbUrl: eissn: 1468-330X dateEnd: 20250607 omitProxy: false ssIdentifier: ssj0000089 issn: 0022-3050 databaseCode: M2P dateStart: 19440701 isFulltext: true titleUrlDefault: https://search.proquest.com/sciencejournals providerName: ProQuest
link	http://cvtisr.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/link/0/eLvHCXMwpV1Lb9QwEB7RFiEu5Q2hpQpSLxyi3cSJHydEoRUHdrWqAO0timNb3Qqyy2aXc_8Gf49fwozjDV2QyoGLJct2HprPnvE8AY4zlRkljEyGlc6SPGdVoioKdrco7CP7VSz1gcIfxHgsp1M1CQq3NrhVbs5Ef1CbeU068kGGcjtuXJTAXy--JVQ1iqyroYTGDuylxLsRz-L88zXxV6o-W_iwGG7MlIwPLptmgQhJSTkoGVVB39FfL7eZ018S55-Ok9c40dm9__2H-7AfZND4TQeaB3DLNg_hzihY2R-BftdHUsVVY2IE44yiILBLQdI-Xuzn1Y82DtaduF1rUuW2frY3PcSIgPnS93sHpdj7gnV5QB7Dp7PTj2_fJ6EWQ6JzPlwlObdcaWsdl8pklc1rJzI8GvHCpEVtHTOKOVY4WQtj0gKFYSadyyrhHLfkwvoEdpt5Y59BrDjyQyk1087mBaLDGWk5UqGmMuPMRXCMpCgXXbaN0t9SGC-JYiVRrOwoFsFgQ6uyDvnMqazGlxtWvOpX_PvphxsSlmFXt-Vv-kXwsh_G_UhGlqqx8zXN4ZRhhxdpBE87tPQvIys03tdVBGILR_0EyvW9PdLMLnzOb6oKLaR6fvNnHcBdj2nvbnMIu6vl2r6A2_X31axdHvnNQe1U-FYewd7J6Xhyjr1RNvLt5BeAnR6W
linkProvider	ProQuest
linkToHtml	http://cvtisr.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/link/0/eLvHCXMw1V1Jb9QwFH5qCwIu7EugQJDKgUM0GTvxckAIUapWnY44FGluIU5sMRVkhskMiBt_gz_Bj-KX8J6z0AGpnHrgaHnJ4u8t9tsAdphmpZaliuLcsChJeB7pnILdLSr7KH41H_pA4ZEcj9Vkot9swI8uFobcKjue6Bl1OSvojnzAUG9HwkUN_MX8U0RVo8i62pXQaGBxaL9-wSNb_fxgF_f3KWN7r49f7UdtVYHIJCJeRomwQhtrnVC6ZLlNCicZEjmq_kYW1vFSc8dTpwpZlsMU1TqunGO5dE5YcsbEdTfhAvJxSS5kciJPqdtK99nJ4zTuzKJcDE6qao6IHNJlpOJUdX3TfDxZF4Z_abh_Omqeknx71_63f3YdrrY6dviyIYobsGGrm3DpqPUiuAVmt48UC_OqDJHYphTlgU0KAvfxcD-_fa_D1noV1itDV9W1H-1NKyEifLbw7d4BK_S-bk2ek9vw9ly-8A5sVbPK3oNQC5T3ShlunE1SRL8rlRW46wWVUecugB3c-mzeZBPJ_CmMi4wQkhFCsgYhAQw6bGRFm6-dyoZ8OGPGs37Gv1ff7iCTtVyrzn7jJYAnfTfyGzIi5ZWdrWiMoAxCIh0GcLdBZ_8wsrInMdMByDXc9gMol_l6TzV973OaU9VrqfT9s1_rMVzePz4aZaOD8eEDuOLpybsWbcPWcrGyD-Fi8Xk5rRePPGGG8O68Uf0LYXh5yQ
linkToPdf	http://cvtisr.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/link/0/eLvHCXMw1V1Lb9QwEB61BVVcWl6FQAEjlQOHaLN24tgHhBDLiqrtag8g9RbysMVWkN1udkHc-jf6V_g5_JLOOA-6IJVTDxwjP_L6Zjz2PD6APa55oeNC-UGacT8MRerrlJLdDRr7uPxq0XeJwofxaKSOj_V4DX62uTAUVtnqRKeoi2lOZ-Q9jnY7Ci7xAtkmLGI8GL6enfrEIEWe1pZOo4bIgfnxHbdv1av9Af7rF5wP3314-95vGAb8LJTBwg-lkTozxkqlC56aMLcxR4HHbUAW58aKQgsrIqvyuCj6EZp4QlnL09haaSgwE-ddhxtxGEUkXUd8fMn0VrqrVB5EQesiFbJ3UpYzRGefDiaVIAb29ezryerC-Je1-2fQ5qVVcLj9P3-_27DV2N7sTS0sd2DNlHdh86iJLrgH2aDLIGNpWTAUwgllf-AlJYe7PLlfZ-cVa7xarFpmdIRdud7O5cIQ-dO5u-4Cs5iLgavrn9yHj9fyhjuwUU5L8xCYlmgHKJWJzJowQqmwhTISEZATvbqwHuwhDJJZXWUkcbszIRNCS0JoSWq0eNBrcZLkTR13ohP5csWIl92If8--28InabRZlfzGjgfPu2bUQ-RcSkszXVIfSZWFZNT34EGN1O5m5H0PA649iFcw3HWgGuerLeXks6t1TmzYsdKPrn6sZ7CJYE4O90cHj-GWEy0XcbQLG4v50jyBm_m3xaSaP3UyyuDTdYP6AuIpgpY
openUrl	ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info%3Aofi%2Fenc%3AUTF-8&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsummon.serialssolutions.com&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Developing+and+validating+Parkinson%E2%80%99s+disease+subtypes+and+their+motor+and+cognitive+progression&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+neurology%2C+neurosurgery+and+psychiatry&rft.au=Lawton%2C+Michael&rft.au=Ben-Shlomo%2C+Yoav&rft.au=May%2C+Margaret+T&rft.au=Baig%2C+Fahd&rft.date=2018-12-01&rft.issn=0022-3050&rft.eissn=1468-330X&rft.volume=89&rft.issue=12&rft.spage=1279&rft.epage=1287&rft_id=info:doi/10.1136%2Fjnnp-2018-318337&rft.externalDBID=n%2Fa&rft.externalDocID=10_1136_jnnp_2018_318337
thumbnail_l	http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/lc.gif&issn=0022-3050&client=summon
thumbnail_m	http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/mc.gif&issn=0022-3050&client=summon
thumbnail_s	http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/sc.gif&issn=0022-3050&client=summon