Firearm ownership for protection in the USA, 2023: results from a nationally representative survey

ObjectiveThis study aims to characterise the motivations of firearm owners and examine whether firearm ownership motivations and carriage varied by state stand your ground law status. MethodsUsing a nationally representative survey of US adults in 2023, we asked firearm owners (n=2477) about their f...

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Vydáno v:	Injury prevention Ročník 31; číslo 3; s. 257 - 261
Hlavní autoři:	Degli Esposti, Michelle, Sokol, Rebeccah L, Lee, Daniel B, Wiebe, Douglas J, Cunningham, Rebecca M, Hawryszkiewycz, Alice, Carter, Patrick M
Médium:	Journal Article
Jazyk:	angličtina
Vydáno:	England BMJ Publishing Group Ltd 01.06.2025 BMJ Publishing Group LTD
Témata:	Adolescent Adult Aged Attitudes Behavior COVID-19 Decision trees Fatalities Female Firearm Firearm laws & regulations Firearms Firearms - legislation & jurisprudence Firearms - statistics & numerical data Gun violence Hispanic Americans Humans Male Middle Aged Minority & ethnic groups Motivation Ownership - legislation & jurisprudence Ownership - statistics & numerical data Pandemics Polls & surveys Short report Sociodemographics Surveys Surveys and Questionnaires United States - epidemiology Variables Violence Wounds, Gunshot - prevention & control Young Adult United States United States > US Firearm Surveys Violence
ISSN:	1353-8047, 1475-5785, 1475-5785
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Abstract	ObjectiveThis study aims to characterise the motivations of firearm owners and examine whether firearm ownership motivations and carriage varied by state stand your ground law status. MethodsUsing a nationally representative survey of US adults in 2023, we asked firearm owners (n=2477) about their firearm motivations and behaviours, including reason(s) for ownership.ResultsOf all firearm owners, 78.8% (95% CI 76.0% to 81.0%) owned a firearm for protection, and 58.1% (95% CI 54.3% to 62.0%) carried a firearm outside their home in the last 12 months. Firearm ownership for protection was not significantly associated with stand your ground laws, but firearm carriage was more prevalent in states with stand your ground laws (50.1% (95% CI 47.0% to 53.0%) vs 34.9% (95% CI 25.0% to 46.0%)). Gender (women) and race (minority groups) emerged as key correlates for firearm ownership for protection (vs other ownership motivations). For example, black and Asian women (98.8%) almost exclusively owned firearms for protection.ConclusionsProtection was the dominant reason for firearm ownership in 2023, motivating 65 million Americans to own firearms and appealing to different strata of the population.
AbstractList	ObjectiveThis study aims to characterise the motivations of firearm owners and examine whether firearm ownership motivations and carriage varied by state stand your ground law status. MethodsUsing a nationally representative survey of US adults in 2023, we asked firearm owners (n=2477) about their firearm motivations and behaviours, including reason(s) for ownership.ResultsOf all firearm owners, 78.8% (95% CI 76.0% to 81.0%) owned a firearm for protection, and 58.1% (95% CI 54.3% to 62.0%) carried a firearm outside their home in the last 12 months. Firearm ownership for protection was not significantly associated with stand your ground laws, but firearm carriage was more prevalent in states with stand your ground laws (50.1% (95% CI 47.0% to 53.0%) vs 34.9% (95% CI 25.0% to 46.0%)). Gender (women) and race (minority groups) emerged as key correlates for firearm ownership for protection (vs other ownership motivations). For example, black and Asian women (98.8%) almost exclusively owned firearms for protection.ConclusionsProtection was the dominant reason for firearm ownership in 2023, motivating 65 million Americans to own firearms and appealing to different strata of the population. This study aims to characterise the motivations of firearm owners and examine whether firearm ownership motivations and carriage varied by state stand your ground law status. METHODS: Using a nationally representative survey of US adults in 2023, we asked firearm owners (n=2477) about their firearm motivations and behaviours, including reason(s) for ownership. Of all firearm owners, 78.8% (95% CI 76.0% to 81.0%) owned a firearm for protection, and 58.1% (95% CI 54.3% to 62.0%) carried a firearm outside their home in the last 12 months. Firearm ownership for protection was not significantly associated with stand your ground laws, but firearm carriage was more prevalent in states with stand your ground laws (50.1% (95% CI 47.0% to 53.0%) vs 34.9% (95% CI 25.0% to 46.0%)). Gender (women) and race (minority groups) emerged as key correlates for firearm ownership for protection (vs other ownership motivations). For example, black and Asian women (98.8%) almost exclusively owned firearms for protection. Protection was the dominant reason for firearm ownership in 2023, motivating 65 million Americans to own firearms and appealing to different strata of the population. This study aims to characterise the motivations of firearm owners and examine whether firearm ownership motivations and carriage varied by state stand your ground law status. METHODS: Using a nationally representative survey of US adults in 2023, we asked firearm owners (n=2477) about their firearm motivations and behaviours, including reason(s) for ownership.OBJECTIVEThis study aims to characterise the motivations of firearm owners and examine whether firearm ownership motivations and carriage varied by state stand your ground law status. METHODS: Using a nationally representative survey of US adults in 2023, we asked firearm owners (n=2477) about their firearm motivations and behaviours, including reason(s) for ownership.Of all firearm owners, 78.8% (95% CI 76.0% to 81.0%) owned a firearm for protection, and 58.1% (95% CI 54.3% to 62.0%) carried a firearm outside their home in the last 12 months. Firearm ownership for protection was not significantly associated with stand your ground laws, but firearm carriage was more prevalent in states with stand your ground laws (50.1% (95% CI 47.0% to 53.0%) vs 34.9% (95% CI 25.0% to 46.0%)). Gender (women) and race (minority groups) emerged as key correlates for firearm ownership for protection (vs other ownership motivations). For example, black and Asian women (98.8%) almost exclusively owned firearms for protection.RESULTSOf all firearm owners, 78.8% (95% CI 76.0% to 81.0%) owned a firearm for protection, and 58.1% (95% CI 54.3% to 62.0%) carried a firearm outside their home in the last 12 months. Firearm ownership for protection was not significantly associated with stand your ground laws, but firearm carriage was more prevalent in states with stand your ground laws (50.1% (95% CI 47.0% to 53.0%) vs 34.9% (95% CI 25.0% to 46.0%)). Gender (women) and race (minority groups) emerged as key correlates for firearm ownership for protection (vs other ownership motivations). For example, black and Asian women (98.8%) almost exclusively owned firearms for protection.Protection was the dominant reason for firearm ownership in 2023, motivating 65 million Americans to own firearms and appealing to different strata of the population.CONCLUSIONSProtection was the dominant reason for firearm ownership in 2023, motivating 65 million Americans to own firearms and appealing to different strata of the population.
Author	Hawryszkiewycz, Alice Carter, Patrick M Cunningham, Rebecca M Wiebe, Douglas J Degli Esposti, Michelle Lee, Daniel B Sokol, Rebeccah L
Author_xml	– sequence: 1 givenname: Michelle orcidid: 0000-0002-0068-5754 surname: Degli Esposti fullname: Degli Esposti, Michelle email: mesposti@umich.edu organization: Depatment of Social Policy & Intervention, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK – sequence: 2 givenname: Rebeccah L orcidid: 0000-0003-3892-2337 surname: Sokol fullname: Sokol, Rebeccah L organization: School of Social Work, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA – sequence: 3 givenname: Daniel B surname: Lee fullname: Lee, Daniel B organization: Institute for Firearm Injury Prevention, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA – sequence: 4 givenname: Douglas J surname: Wiebe fullname: Wiebe, Douglas J organization: Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA – sequence: 5 givenname: Rebecca M surname: Cunningham fullname: Cunningham, Rebecca M organization: Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA – sequence: 6 givenname: Alice surname: Hawryszkiewycz fullname: Hawryszkiewycz, Alice organization: Depatment of Social Policy & Intervention, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK – sequence: 7 givenname: Patrick M orcidid: 0000-0001-7605-2980 surname: Carter fullname: Carter, Patrick M organization: Department of Health Behavior & Health Education, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
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Snippet	ObjectiveThis study aims to characterise the motivations of firearm owners and examine whether firearm ownership motivations and carriage varied by state stand... This study aims to characterise the motivations of firearm owners and examine whether firearm ownership motivations and carriage varied by state stand your...
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SubjectTerms	Adolescent Adult Aged Attitudes Behavior COVID-19 Decision trees Fatalities Female Firearm Firearm laws & regulations Firearms Firearms - legislation & jurisprudence Firearms - statistics & numerical data Gun violence Hispanic Americans Humans Male Middle Aged Minority & ethnic groups Motivation Ownership - legislation & jurisprudence Ownership - statistics & numerical data Pandemics Polls & surveys Short report Sociodemographics Surveys Surveys and Questionnaires United States - epidemiology Variables Violence Wounds, Gunshot - prevention & control Young Adult
Title	Firearm ownership for protection in the USA, 2023: results from a nationally representative survey
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