Molecular evolution of GPCRs: 26Rfa/GPR103

Neuropeptides possessing the Arg-Phe-NH2 (RFamide) motif at their C-termini (designated as RFamide peptides) have been characterized in a variety of animals. Among these, neuropeptide 26RFa (also termed QRFP) is the latest member of the RFamide peptide family to be discovered in the hypothalamus of...

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Published in:Journal of molecular endocrinology Vol. 52; no. 3; p. T119
Main Authors: Ukena, Kazuyoshi, Osugi, Tomohiro, Leprince, Jérôme, Vaudry, Hubert, Tsutsui, Kazuyoshi
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Published: England 01.06.2014
Subjects:
Amino Acid Sequence
Animals
Blood Pressure - genetics
Bone Development - genetics
Eating - genetics
Energy Metabolism - genetics
Evolution, Molecular
Humans
Hypothalamus - enzymology
Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins - biosynthesis
Molecular Sequence Data
Neuropeptides - biosynthesis
Neuropeptides - genetics
Nociceptive Pain - genetics
Orexins
Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled - genetics
Sequence Alignment
G protein-coupled receptor
neuropeptide
hypothalamus
26RFa/QRFP
food intake
ISSN:1479-6813, 1479-6813
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Summary:Neuropeptides possessing the Arg-Phe-NH2 (RFamide) motif at their C-termini (designated as RFamide peptides) have been characterized in a variety of animals. Among these, neuropeptide 26RFa (also termed QRFP) is the latest member of the RFamide peptide family to be discovered in the hypothalamus of vertebrates. The neuropeptide 26RFa/QRFP is a 26-amino acid residue peptide that was originally identified in the frog brain. It has been shown to exert orexigenic activity in mammals and to be a ligand for the previously identified orphan G protein-coupled receptor, GPR103 (QRFPR). The cDNAs encoding 26RFa/QRFP and QRFPR have now been characterized in representative species of mammals, birds, and fish. Functional studies have shown that, in mammals, the 26RFa/QRFP-QRFPR system may regulate various functions, including food intake, energy homeostasis, bone formation, pituitary hormone secretion, steroidogenesis, nociceptive transmission, and blood pressure. Several biological actions have also been reported in birds and fish. This review summarizes the current state of identification, localization, and understanding of the functions of 26RFaQRFP and its cognate receptor, QRFPR, in vertebrates.
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ISSN:1479-6813
1479-6813
DOI:10.1530/JME-13-0207