TRIPOD+AI statement: updated guidance for reporting clinical prediction models that use regression or machine learning methods

The TRIPOD (Transparent Reporting of a multivariable prediction model for Individual Prognosis Or Diagnosis) statement was published in 2015 to provide the minimum reporting recommendations for studies developing or evaluating the performance of a prediction model. Methodological advances in the fie...

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Published in:	BMJ (Online) Vol. 385; p. e078378
Main Authors:	Collins, Gary S, Moons, Karel G M, Dhiman, Paula, Riley, Richard D, Beam, Andrew L, Van Calster, Ben, Ghassemi, Marzyeh, Liu, Xiaoxuan, Reitsma, Johannes B, van Smeden, Maarten, Boulesteix, Anne-Laure, Camaradou, Jennifer Catherine, Celi, Leo Anthony, Denaxas, Spiros, Denniston, Alastair K, Glocker, Ben, Golub, Robert M, Harvey, Hugh, Heinze, Georg, Hoffman, Michael M, Kengne, André Pascal, Lam, Emily, Lee, Naomi, Loder, Elizabeth W, Maier-Hein, Lena, Mateen, Bilal A, McCradden, Melissa D, Oakden-Rayner, Lauren, Ordish, Johan, Parnell, Richard, Rose, Sherri, Singh, Karandeep, Wynants, Laure, Logullo, Patricia
Format:	Journal Article
Language:	English
Published:	England British Medical Journal Publishing Group 16.04.2024 BMJ Publishing Group LTD
Subjects:	Artificial intelligence Calibration Check lists Checklist Decision Support Techniques Deep learning Humans Learning algorithms Machine learning Medical imaging Models, Statistical Open access Prediction models Prognosis Regression analysis Research Methods & Reporting Validation studies
ISSN:	1756-1833, 1756-1833
Online Access:	Get full text
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Abstract	The TRIPOD (Transparent Reporting of a multivariable prediction model for Individual Prognosis Or Diagnosis) statement was published in 2015 to provide the minimum reporting recommendations for studies developing or evaluating the performance of a prediction model. Methodological advances in the field of prediction have since included the widespread use of artificial intelligence (AI) powered by machine learning methods to develop prediction models. An update to the TRIPOD statement is thus needed. TRIPOD+AI provides harmonised guidance for reporting prediction model studies, irrespective of whether regression modelling or machine learning methods have been used. The new checklist supersedes the TRIPOD 2015 checklist, which should no longer be used. This article describes the development of TRIPOD+AI and presents the expanded 27 item checklist with more detailed explanation of each reporting recommendation, and the TRIPOD+AI for Abstracts checklist. TRIPOD+AI aims to promote the complete, accurate, and transparent reporting of studies that develop a prediction model or evaluate its performance. Complete reporting will facilitate study appraisal, model evaluation, and model implementation.
AbstractList	The TRIPOD (Transparent Reporting of a multivariable prediction model for Individual Prognosis Or Diagnosis) statement was published in 2015 to provide the minimum reporting recommendations for studies developing or evaluating the performance of a prediction model. Methodological advances in the field of prediction have since included the widespread use of artificial intelligence (AI) powered by machine learning methods to develop prediction models. An update to the TRIPOD statement is thus needed. TRIPOD+AI provides harmonised guidance for reporting prediction model studies, irrespective of whether regression modelling or machine learning methods have been used. The new checklist supersedes the TRIPOD 2015 checklist, which should no longer be used. This article describes the development of TRIPOD+AI and presents the expanded 27 item checklist with more detailed explanation of each reporting recommendation, and the TRIPOD+AI for Abstracts checklist. TRIPOD+AI aims to promote the complete, accurate, and transparent reporting of studies that develop a prediction model or evaluate its performance. Complete reporting will facilitate study appraisal, model evaluation, and model implementation.
Author	Boulesteix, Anne-Laure Denniston, Alastair K Lam, Emily Oakden-Rayner, Lauren Dhiman, Paula Beam, Andrew L van Smeden, Maarten Reitsma, Johannes B Harvey, Hugh Collins, Gary S Moons, Karel G M Logullo, Patricia Hoffman, Michael M Golub, Robert M McCradden, Melissa D Heinze, Georg Maier-Hein, Lena Parnell, Richard Kengne, André Pascal Ghassemi, Marzyeh Camaradou, Jennifer Catherine Loder, Elizabeth W Rose, Sherri Van Calster, Ben Wynants, Laure Celi, Leo Anthony Lee, Naomi Liu, Xiaoxuan Ordish, Johan Singh, Karandeep Denaxas, Spiros Mateen, Bilal A Riley, Richard D Glocker, Ben
Author_xml	– sequence: 1 givenname: Gary S orcidid: 0000-0002-2772-2316 surname: Collins fullname: Collins, Gary S email: gary.collins@csm.ox.ac.uk organization: Centre for Statistics in Medicine, UK EQUATOR Centre, Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology, and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7LD, UK – sequence: 2 givenname: Karel G M orcidid: 0000-0003-2118-004X surname: Moons fullname: Moons, Karel G M organization: Julius Centre for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands – sequence: 3 givenname: Paula orcidid: 0000-0002-0989-0623 surname: Dhiman fullname: Dhiman, Paula organization: Centre for Statistics in Medicine, UK EQUATOR Centre, Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology, and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7LD, UK – sequence: 4 givenname: Richard D orcidid: 0000-0001-8699-0735 surname: Riley fullname: Riley, Richard D organization: National Institute for Health and Care Research (NIHR) Birmingham Biomedical Research Centre, Birmingham, UK – sequence: 5 givenname: Andrew L orcidid: 0000-0002-6657-2787 surname: Beam fullname: Beam, Andrew L organization: Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T H Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA – sequence: 6 givenname: Ben orcidid: 0000-0003-1613-7450 surname: Van Calster fullname: Van Calster, Ben organization: Department of Biomedical Data Science, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, Netherlands – sequence: 7 givenname: Marzyeh orcidid: 0000-0001-6349-7251 surname: Ghassemi fullname: Ghassemi, Marzyeh organization: Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Institute for Medical Engineering and Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA – sequence: 8 givenname: Xiaoxuan orcidid: 0000-0002-1286-0038 surname: Liu fullname: Liu, Xiaoxuan organization: University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK – sequence: 9 givenname: Johannes B orcidid: 0000-0003-4026-4345 surname: Reitsma fullname: Reitsma, Johannes B organization: Julius Centre for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands – sequence: 10 givenname: Maarten orcidid: 0000-0002-5529-1541 surname: van Smeden fullname: van Smeden, Maarten organization: Julius Centre for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands – sequence: 11 givenname: Anne-Laure orcidid: 0000-0002-2729-0947 surname: Boulesteix fullname: Boulesteix, Anne-Laure organization: Institute for Medical Information Processing, Biometry and Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-University of Munich and Munich Centre of Machine Learning, Germany – sequence: 12 givenname: Jennifer Catherine orcidid: 0000-0002-5742-2840 surname: Camaradou fullname: Camaradou, Jennifer Catherine organization: Patient representative, University of East Anglia, Faculty of Health Sciences, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, UK – sequence: 13 givenname: Leo Anthony orcidid: 0000-0001-6712-6626 surname: Celi fullname: Celi, Leo Anthony organization: Department of Biostatistics, Harvard T H Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA – sequence: 14 givenname: Spiros orcidid: 0000-0001-9612-7791 surname: Denaxas fullname: Denaxas, Spiros organization: British Heart Foundation Data Science Centre, London, UK – sequence: 15 givenname: Alastair K orcidid: 0000-0001-7849-0087 surname: Denniston fullname: Denniston, Alastair K organization: Institute of Inflammation and Ageing, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK – sequence: 16 givenname: Ben orcidid: 0000-0002-4897-9356 surname: Glocker fullname: Glocker, Ben organization: Department of Computing, Imperial College London, London, UK – sequence: 17 givenname: Robert M orcidid: 0000-0001-7881-1207 surname: Golub fullname: Golub, Robert M organization: Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA – sequence: 18 givenname: Hugh orcidid: 0000-0003-4528-1312 surname: Harvey fullname: Harvey, Hugh organization: Hardian Health, Haywards Heath, UK – sequence: 19 givenname: Georg orcidid: 0000-0003-1147-8491 surname: Heinze fullname: Heinze, Georg organization: Section for Clinical Biometrics, Centre for Medical Data Science, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria – sequence: 20 givenname: Michael M orcidid: 0000-0002-4517-1562 surname: Hoffman fullname: Hoffman, Michael M organization: Vector Institute for Artificial Intelligence, Toronto, ON, Canada – sequence: 21 givenname: André Pascal orcidid: 0000-0002-5183-131X surname: Kengne fullname: Kengne, André Pascal organization: Department of Medicine, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa – sequence: 22 givenname: Emily surname: Lam fullname: Lam, Emily organization: Patient representative, Health Data Research UK patient and public involvement and engagement group – sequence: 23 givenname: Naomi orcidid: 0000-0003-0100-9659 surname: Lee fullname: Lee, Naomi organization: National Institute for Health and Care Excellence, London, UK – sequence: 24 givenname: Elizabeth W orcidid: 0000-0003-1501-2947 surname: Loder fullname: Loder, Elizabeth W organization: Department of Neurology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA – sequence: 25 givenname: Lena orcidid: 0000-0003-4910-9368 surname: Maier-Hein fullname: Maier-Hein, Lena organization: Department of Intelligent Medical Systems, German Cancer Research Centre, Heidelberg, Germany – sequence: 26 givenname: Bilal A orcidid: 0000-0003-4423-6472 surname: Mateen fullname: Mateen, Bilal A organization: Alan Turing Institute, London, UK – sequence: 27 givenname: Melissa D orcidid: 0000-0002-6476-2165 surname: McCradden fullname: McCradden, Melissa D organization: Genetics and Genome Biology, SickKids Research Institute, Toronto, ON, Canada – sequence: 28 givenname: Lauren orcidid: 0000-0001-5471-5202 surname: Oakden-Rayner fullname: Oakden-Rayner, Lauren organization: Australian Institute for Machine Learning, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia – sequence: 29 givenname: Johan orcidid: 0000-0001-6911-2367 surname: Ordish fullname: Ordish, Johan organization: Medicines and Healthcare products Regulatory Agency, London, UK – sequence: 30 givenname: Richard orcidid: 0000-0003-0044-3496 surname: Parnell fullname: Parnell, Richard organization: Patient representative, Health Data Research UK patient and public involvement and engagement group – sequence: 31 givenname: Sherri orcidid: 0000-0002-9076-8472 surname: Rose fullname: Rose, Sherri organization: Department of Health Policy and Center for Health Policy, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA – sequence: 32 givenname: Karandeep orcidid: 0000-0001-8980-2330 surname: Singh fullname: Singh, Karandeep organization: Department of Learning Health Sciences, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA – sequence: 33 givenname: Laure orcidid: 0000-0002-3037-122X surname: Wynants fullname: Wynants, Laure organization: Department of Epidemiology, CAPHRI Care and Public Health Research Institute, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands – sequence: 34 givenname: Patricia orcidid: 0000-0001-8708-7003 surname: Logullo fullname: Logullo, Patricia organization: Centre for Statistics in Medicine, UK EQUATOR Centre, Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology, and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7LD, UK
BackLink	https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/38626948$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed
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2 2025110102393011000_385.apr16_11.e078378.35 2025110102393011000_385.apr16_11.e078378.79 2025110102393011000_385.apr16_11.e078378.72 2025110102393011000_385.apr16_11.e078378.73 2025110102393011000_385.apr16_11.e078378.30 2025110102393011000_385.apr16_11.e078378.74 2025110102393011000_385.apr16_11.e078378.31 2025110102393011000_385.apr16_11.e078378.75 2025110102393011000_385.apr16_11.e078378.70 2025110102393011000_385.apr16_11.e078378.71 38626949 - BMJ. 2024 Apr 16;385:q824. doi: 10.1136/bmj.q824. 38636956 - BMJ. 2024 Apr 18;385:q902. doi: 10.1136/bmj.q902.
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Snippet	The TRIPOD (Transparent Reporting of a multivariable prediction model for Individual Prognosis Or Diagnosis) statement was published in 2015 to provide the...
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StartPage	e078378
SubjectTerms	Artificial intelligence Calibration Check lists Checklist Decision Support Techniques Deep learning Humans Learning algorithms Machine learning Medical imaging Models, Statistical Open access Prediction models Prognosis Regression analysis Research Methods & Reporting Validation studies
Title	TRIPOD+AI statement: updated guidance for reporting clinical prediction models that use regression or machine learning methods
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