Counterintuitive effect of antiviral therapy on influenza A-SARS-CoV-2 coinfection due to viral interference

The resurgence of influenza and continued circulation of SARS-CoV-2 raise the question of how these viruses interact in a co-exposed host. Here we studied virus-virus and host-virus interactions during influenza A virus (IAV) -SARS-CoV-2 coinfection using differentiated cultures of the human airway...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:bioRxiv
Main Authors: Cheemarla, Nagarjuna R, Mihaylova, Valia T, Watkins, Timothy A, Foxman, Ellen F
Format: Journal Article Paper
Language:English
Published: United States Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press 08.02.2023
Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory
Edition:1.1
Subjects:
Antiviral agents
Epithelium
Immunology
Influenza A
Oseltamivir
Replication
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2
Viruses
COVID-19
SARS-CoV-2
Tamiflu
respiratory virus
viral interference
influenza virus
oseltamivir
coinfection
interferon stimulated genes
interferon response
ISSN:2692-8205, 2692-8205
Online Access:Get full text
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Summary:The resurgence of influenza and continued circulation of SARS-CoV-2 raise the question of how these viruses interact in a co-exposed host. Here we studied virus-virus and host-virus interactions during influenza A virus (IAV) -SARS-CoV-2 coinfection using differentiated cultures of the human airway epithelium. Coexposure to IAV enhanced the tissue antiviral response during SARS-CoV-2 infection and suppressed SARS-CoV-2 replication. Oseltamivir, an antiviral targeting influenza, reduced IAV replication during coinfection but also reduced the antiviral response and paradoxically restored SARS-CoV-2 replication. These results highlight the importance of diagnosing coinfections and compel further study of how coinfections impact the outcome of antiviral therapy.
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Competing Interest Statement: The authors have declared no competing interest.
ISSN:2692-8205
2692-8205
DOI:10.1101/2023.02.07.527372