Unmarriages Women, Men, and Sexual Unions in the Middle Ages
The Middle Ages are often viewed as a repository of tradition, yet what we think of as traditional marriage was far from the only available alternative to the single state in medieval Europe. Many people lived together in long-term, quasimarital heterosexual relationships, unable to marry if one was...
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| Language: | English |
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Philadelphia
University of Pennsylvania Press, Inc
2012
University of Pennsylvania Press |
| Edition: | 1 |
| Series: | The Middle Ages series |
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| ISBN: | 9780812244205, 0812244206, 081220641X, 9780812206418, 0812222989, 9780812222982 |
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| Abstract | The Middle Ages are often viewed as a repository of tradition, yet what we think of as traditional marriage was far from the only available alternative to the single state in medieval Europe. Many people lived together in long-term, quasimarital heterosexual relationships, unable to marry if one was in holy orders or if the partners were of different religions. Social norms militated against the marriage of master to slave or between individuals of very different classes, or when the couple was so poor that they could not establish an independent household. Such unions, where the protections that medieval law furnished to wives (and their children) were absent, were fraught with danger for women in particular, but they also provided a degree of flexibility and demonstrate the adaptability of social customs in the face of slowly changing religious doctrine.Unmarriagesdraws on a wide range of sources from across Europe and the entire medieval millennium in order to investigate structures and relations that medieval authors and record keepers did not address directly, either in order to minimize them or because they were so common as not to be worth mentioning. Author Ruth Mazo Karras pays particular attention to the ways women and men experienced forms of opposite-sex union differently and to the implications for power relations between the genders. She treats legal and theological discussions that applied to all of Europe and presents a vivid series of case studies of how unions operated in specific circumstances to illustrate concretely what we can conclude, how far we can speculate, and what we can never know. |
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| AbstractList | The Middle Ages are often viewed as a repository of tradition, yet what we think of as traditional marriage was far from the only available alternative to the single state in medieval Europe. Many people lived together in long-term, quasimarital heterosexual relationships, unable to marry if one was in holy orders or if the partners were of different religions. Social norms militated against the marriage of master to slave or between individuals of very different classes, or when the couple was so poor that they could not establish an independent household. Such unions, where the protections that medieval law furnished to wives (and their children) were absent, were fraught with danger for women in particular, but they also provided a degree of flexibility and demonstrate the adaptability of social customs in the face of slowly changing religious doctrine. Unmarriages draws on a wide range of sources from across Europe and the entire medieval millennium in order to investigate structures and relations that medieval authors and record keepers did not address directly, either in order to minimize them or because they were so common as not to be worth mentioning. Ruth Mazo Karras pays particular attention to the ways women and men experienced forms of opposite-sex union differently and to the implications for power relations between the genders. She treats legal and theological discussions that applied to all of Europe and presents a vivid series of case studies of how unions operated in specific circumstances to illustrate concretely what we can conclude, how far we can speculate, and what we can never know. Traditional marriage was not the only option for couples in medieval Europe. Alternative forms of union could make lives precarious but also provided a degree of flexibility. The study draws on a wide geographical and chronological range of examples in order to illustrate local difference while bringing out broad patterns. The Middle Ages are often viewed as a repository of tradition, yet what we think of as traditional marriage was far from the only available alternative to the single state in medieval Europe. Many people lived together in long-term, quasimarital heterosexual relationships, unable to marry if one was in holy orders or if the partners were of different religions. Social norms militated against the marriage of master to slave or between individuals of very different classes, or when the couple was so poor that they could not establish an independent household. Such unions, where the protections that medieval law furnished to wives (and their children) were absent, were fraught with danger for women in particular, but they also provided a degree of flexibility and demonstrate the adaptability of social customs in the face of slowly changing religious doctrine.Unmarriagesdraws on a wide range of sources from across Europe and the entire medieval millennium in order to investigate structures and relations that medieval authors and record keepers did not address directly, either in order to minimize them or because they were so common as not to be worth mentioning. Author Ruth Mazo Karras pays particular attention to the ways women and men experienced forms of opposite-sex union differently and to the implications for power relations between the genders. She treats legal and theological discussions that applied to all of Europe and presents a vivid series of case studies of how unions operated in specific circumstances to illustrate concretely what we can conclude, how far we can speculate, and what we can never know. <![CDATA[ The Middle Ages are often viewed as a repository of tradition, yet what we think of as traditional marriage was far from the only available alternative to the single state in medieval Europe. Many people lived together in long-term, quasimarital heterosexual relationships, unable to marry if one was in holy orders or if the partners were of different religions. Social norms militated against the marriage of master to slave or between individuals of very different classes, or when the couple was so poor that they could not establish an independent household. Such unions, where the protections that medieval law furnished to wives (and their children) were absent, were fraught with danger for women in particular, but they also provided a degree of flexibility and demonstrate the adaptability of social customs in the face of slowly changing religious doctrine. Unmarriages draws on a wide range of sources from across Europe and the entire medieval millennium in order to investigate structures and relations that medieval authors and record keepers did not address directly, either in order to minimize them or because they were so common as not to be worth mentioning. Author Ruth Mazo Karras pays particular attention to the ways women and men experienced forms of opposite-sex union differently and to the implications for power relations between the genders. She treats legal and theological discussions that applied to all of Europe and presents a vivid series of case studies of how unions operated in specific circumstances to illustrate concretely what we can conclude, how far we can speculate, and what we can never know. ]]> |
| Author | Karras, Ruth Mazo |
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| Keywords | medieval middle ages heterosexual relationshops sexuality nuptials Gender Studies England sexual behavior men women religion gender womens studies social history marriage domestic life european history family |
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| Snippet | The Middle Ages are often viewed as a repository of tradition, yet what we think of as traditional marriage was far from the only available alternative to the... <![CDATA[ The Middle Ages are often viewed as a repository of tradition, yet what we think of as traditional marriage was far from the only available... Traditional marriage was not the only option for couples in medieval Europe. Alternative forms of union could make lives precarious but also provided a degree... |
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| SubjectTerms | domestic life England Europe european history family Gender Studies gender womens studies social history heterosexual relationshops HISTORY HISTORY / Europe / Medieval Interpersonal relations Male-female relationships Man-woman relationships Man-woman relationships -- Europe -- History -- To 1500 Marital status Marriage Marriage (Canon law) Marriage (Canon law) -- History -- To 1500 Marriage -- Europe -- History -- To 1500 Mate selection Mate selection -- Europe -- History -- To 1500 Medieval medieval middle ages Men Middle Ages nuptials religion sexual behavior men women Sexuality SOCIAL SCIENCE SOCIAL SCIENCE / Gender Studies To 1500 Unmarried couples Unmarried couples (Canon law) Unmarried couples (Canon law) -- History -- To 1500 Unmarried couples -- Europe -- History -- To 1500 Women |
| Subtitle | Women, Men, and Sexual Unions in the Middle Ages |
| TableOfContents | Front Matter
Table of Contents
Introduction:
Chapter 1: The Church and the Regulation of Unions between Women and Men
Chapter 2: Unequal Unions
Chapter 3: Priests and Their Partners
Chapter 4: On the Margins of Marriage
Conclusion
Notes
Bibliography
Index
Acknowledgments 4. On the Margins of Marriage 3. Priests and Their Partners 2. Unequal Unions 1. The Church and the Regulation of Unions between Women and Men Introduction: Marriage and Other Unions Contents Title Page, Copyright, Dedication Cover Conclusion Notes Bibliography Index Acknowledgments Cover -- Contents -- Introduction: Marriage and Other Unions -- 1. The Church and the Regulation of Unions between Women and Men -- 2. Unequal Unions -- 3. Priests and Their Partners -- 4. On the Margins of Marriage -- Conclusion -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index -- A -- B -- C -- D -- E -- F -- G -- H -- I -- J -- K -- L -- M -- N -- O -- P -- Q -- R -- S -- T -- U -- V -- W -- Z -- Acknowledgments Chapter 2. Unequal Unions Index Chapter 3. Priests and Their Partners - / Introduction. Marriage and Other Unions Contents Acknowledgments Frontmatter -- Chapter 4. On the Margins of Marriage Chapter 1. The Church and the Regulation of Unions between Women and Men Notes Bibliography Conclusion |
| Title | Unmarriages |
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