Stable isotope constraints on Holocene carbon cycle changes from an Antarctic ice core
Holocene carbon cycle A new atmospheric δ 13 C record derived from measurements of air trapped in the EPICA Dome C Antarctic ice core, combined with a simple carbon model, provides a high-resolution view of the carbon cycle during the Holocene, the current interglacial period that started about 11,0...
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| Vydáno v: | Nature (London) Ročník 461; číslo 7263; s. 507 - 510 |
|---|---|
| Hlavní autoři: | , , , , , , , , |
| Médium: | Journal Article |
| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Vydáno: |
London
Nature Publishing Group UK
24.09.2009
Nature Publishing Group |
| Témata: | |
| ISSN: | 0028-0836, 1476-4687, 1476-4687 |
| On-line přístup: | Získat plný text |
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| Abstract | Holocene carbon cycle
A new atmospheric δ
13
C record derived from measurements of air trapped in the EPICA Dome C Antarctic ice core, combined with a simple carbon model, provides a high-resolution view of the carbon cycle during the Holocene, the current interglacial period that started about 11,000 years ago. Previous reconstructions had revealed significant changes in atmospheric CO
2
concentrations, but the processes responsible for these changes were unclear. The new data suggest that the 5 p.p.m.v. decrease in atmospheric CO
2
during the early Holocene resulted from an uptake of about 290 gigatons of carbon by the land biosphere together with carbon release from the ocean in response to carbonate compensation of the terrestrial uptake at the end of the last ice age. The 20 p.p.m.v. increase of atmospheric CO
2
during the later Holocene can be mostly explained in terms of carbonate compensation of earlier land biosphere uptake and coral reef formation, with a minor contribution from a small decrease of the land biosphere carbon inventory.
Antarctic ice cores can be used to reconstruct atmospheric CO
2
concentrations, revealing significant changes during the Holocene epoch which started 11,000 years ago. Here, a highly resolved δ
13
C record is presented for the past 11,000 years from measurements on atmospheric CO
2
trapped in an Antarctic ice core. These data are combined with a simplified carbon cycle model to shed light on the processes responsible for the changes in CO
2
concentrations.
Reconstructions of atmospheric CO
2
concentrations based on Antarctic ice cores
1
,
2
reveal significant changes during the Holocene epoch, but the processes responsible for these changes in CO
2
concentrations have not been unambiguously identified. Distinct characteristics in the carbon isotope signatures of the major carbon reservoirs (ocean, biosphere, sediments and atmosphere) constrain variations in the CO
2
fluxes between those reservoirs. Here we present a highly resolved atmospheric δ
13
C record for the past 11,000 years from measurements on atmospheric CO
2
trapped in an Antarctic ice core. From mass-balance inverse model calculations
3
,
4
performed with a simplified carbon cycle model, we show that the decrease in atmospheric CO
2
of about 5 parts per million by volume (p.p.m.v.). The increase in δ
13
C of about 0.25‰ during the early Holocene is most probably the result of a combination of carbon uptake of about 290 gigatonnes of carbon by the land biosphere and carbon release from the ocean in response to carbonate compensation of the terrestrial uptake during the termination of the last ice age. The 20 p.p.m.v. increase of atmospheric CO
2
and the small decrease in δ
13
C of about 0.05‰ during the later Holocene can mostly be explained by contributions from carbonate compensation of earlier land-biosphere uptake and coral reef formation, with only a minor contribution from a small decrease of the land-biosphere carbon inventory. |
|---|---|
| AbstractList | Reconstructions of atmospheric C[O.sub.2] concentrations based on Antarctic ice cores (1,2) reveal significant changes during the Holocene epoch, but the processes responsible for these changes in C[O.sub.2] concentrations have not been unambiguously identified. Distinct characteristics in the carbon isotope signatures of the major carbon reservoirs (ocean, biosphere, sediments and atmosphere) constrain variations in the C[O.sub.2] fluxes between those reservoirs. Here we present a highly resolved atmospheric δ[sup.13]C record for the past 11,000 years from measurements on atmospheric C[O.sub.2] trapped in an Antarctic ice core. From mass-balance inverse model calculations (3,4) performed with a simplified carbon cycle model, we show that the decrease in atmospheric C[O.sub.2] of about 5 parts per million by volume (p.p.m.v.). The increase in δ[sup.13]C of about 0.25% during the early Holocene is most probably the result of a combination of carbon uptake of about 290 gigatonnes of carbon by the land biosphere and carbon release from the ocean in response to carbonate compensation of the terrestrial uptake during the termination of the last ice age. The 20 p.p.m.v. increase of atmospheric C[O.sub.2] and the small decrease in δ[sup.13]C of about 0.05% during the later Holocene can mostly be explained by contributions from carbonate compensation of earlier land-biosphere uptake and coral reef formation, with only a minor contribution from a small decrease of the land-biosphere carbon inventory. Reconstructions of atmospheric CO sub(2) concentrations based on Antarctic ice cores reveal significant changes during the Holocene epoch, but the processes responsible for these changes in CO sub(2) concentrations have not been unambiguously identified. Distinct characteristics in the carbon isotope signatures of the major carbon reservoirs (ocean, biosphere, sediments and atmosphere) constrain variations in the CO sub(2) fluxes between those reservoirs. Here we present a highly resolved atmospheric d super(13)C record for the past 11,000years from measurements on atmospheric CO sub(2) trapped in an Antarctic ice core. From mass-balance inverse model calculations performed with a simplified carbon cycle model, we show that the decrease in atmospheric CO sub(2) of about 5parts per million by volume (p.p.m.v.). The increase in d super(13)C of about 0.25ppt during the early Holocene is most probably the result of a combination of carbon uptake of about 290 gigatonnes of carbon by the land biosphere and carbon release from the ocean in response to carbonate compensation of the terrestrial uptake during the termination of the last ice age. The 20p.p.m.v. increase of atmospheric CO sub(2) and the small decrease in d super(13)C of about 0.05ppt during the later Holocene can mostly be explained by contributions from carbonate compensation of earlier land-biosphere uptake and coral reef formation, with only a minor contribution from a small decrease of the land-biosphere carbon inventory. Reconstructions of atmospheric CO(2) concentrations based on Antarctic ice cores reveal significant changes during the Holocene epoch, but the processes responsible for these changes in CO(2) concentrations have not been unambiguously identified. Distinct characteristics in the carbon isotope signatures of the major carbon reservoirs (ocean, biosphere, sediments and atmosphere) constrain variations in the CO(2) fluxes between those reservoirs. Here we present a highly resolved atmospheric delta(13)C record for the past 11,000 years from measurements on atmospheric CO(2) trapped in an Antarctic ice core. From mass-balance inverse model calculations performed with a simplified carbon cycle model, we show that the decrease in atmospheric CO(2) of about 5 parts per million by volume (p.p.m.v.). The increase in delta(13)C of about 0.25 per thousand during the early Holocene is most probably the result of a combination of carbon uptake of about 290 gigatonnes of carbon by the land biosphere and carbon release from the ocean in response to carbonate compensation of the terrestrial uptake during the termination of the last ice age. The 20 p.p.m.v. increase of atmospheric CO(2) and the small decrease in delta(13)C of about 0.05 per thousand during the later Holocene can mostly be explained by contributions from carbonate compensation of earlier land-biosphere uptake and coral reef formation, with only a minor contribution from a small decrease of the land-biosphere carbon inventory. Holocene carbon cycle A new atmospheric δ 13 C record derived from measurements of air trapped in the EPICA Dome C Antarctic ice core, combined with a simple carbon model, provides a high-resolution view of the carbon cycle during the Holocene, the current interglacial period that started about 11,000 years ago. Previous reconstructions had revealed significant changes in atmospheric CO 2 concentrations, but the processes responsible for these changes were unclear. The new data suggest that the 5 p.p.m.v. decrease in atmospheric CO 2 during the early Holocene resulted from an uptake of about 290 gigatons of carbon by the land biosphere together with carbon release from the ocean in response to carbonate compensation of the terrestrial uptake at the end of the last ice age. The 20 p.p.m.v. increase of atmospheric CO 2 during the later Holocene can be mostly explained in terms of carbonate compensation of earlier land biosphere uptake and coral reef formation, with a minor contribution from a small decrease of the land biosphere carbon inventory. Antarctic ice cores can be used to reconstruct atmospheric CO 2 concentrations, revealing significant changes during the Holocene epoch which started 11,000 years ago. Here, a highly resolved δ 13 C record is presented for the past 11,000 years from measurements on atmospheric CO 2 trapped in an Antarctic ice core. These data are combined with a simplified carbon cycle model to shed light on the processes responsible for the changes in CO 2 concentrations. Reconstructions of atmospheric CO 2 concentrations based on Antarctic ice cores 1 , 2 reveal significant changes during the Holocene epoch, but the processes responsible for these changes in CO 2 concentrations have not been unambiguously identified. Distinct characteristics in the carbon isotope signatures of the major carbon reservoirs (ocean, biosphere, sediments and atmosphere) constrain variations in the CO 2 fluxes between those reservoirs. Here we present a highly resolved atmospheric δ 13 C record for the past 11,000 years from measurements on atmospheric CO 2 trapped in an Antarctic ice core. From mass-balance inverse model calculations 3 , 4 performed with a simplified carbon cycle model, we show that the decrease in atmospheric CO 2 of about 5 parts per million by volume (p.p.m.v.). The increase in δ 13 C of about 0.25‰ during the early Holocene is most probably the result of a combination of carbon uptake of about 290 gigatonnes of carbon by the land biosphere and carbon release from the ocean in response to carbonate compensation of the terrestrial uptake during the termination of the last ice age. The 20 p.p.m.v. increase of atmospheric CO 2 and the small decrease in δ 13 C of about 0.05‰ during the later Holocene can mostly be explained by contributions from carbonate compensation of earlier land-biosphere uptake and coral reef formation, with only a minor contribution from a small decrease of the land-biosphere carbon inventory. Reconstructions of atmospheric CO(2) concentrations based on Antarctic ice cores reveal significant changes during the Holocene epoch, but the processes responsible for these changes in CO(2) concentrations have not been unambiguously identified. Distinct characteristics in the carbon isotope signatures of the major carbon reservoirs (ocean, biosphere, sediments and atmosphere) constrain variations in the CO(2) fluxes between those reservoirs. Here we present a highly resolved atmospheric delta(13)C record for the past 11,000 years from measurements on atmospheric CO(2) trapped in an Antarctic ice core. From mass-balance inverse model calculations performed with a simplified carbon cycle model, we show that the decrease in atmospheric CO(2) of about 5 parts per million by volume (p.p.m.v.). The increase in delta(13)C of about 0.25 per thousand during the early Holocene is most probably the result of a combination of carbon uptake of about 290 gigatonnes of carbon by the land biosphere and carbon release from the ocean in response to carbonate compensation of the terrestrial uptake during the termination of the last ice age. The 20 p.p.m.v. increase of atmospheric CO(2) and the small decrease in delta(13)C of about 0.05 per thousand during the later Holocene can mostly be explained by contributions from carbonate compensation of earlier land-biosphere uptake and coral reef formation, with only a minor contribution from a small decrease of the land-biosphere carbon inventory.Reconstructions of atmospheric CO(2) concentrations based on Antarctic ice cores reveal significant changes during the Holocene epoch, but the processes responsible for these changes in CO(2) concentrations have not been unambiguously identified. Distinct characteristics in the carbon isotope signatures of the major carbon reservoirs (ocean, biosphere, sediments and atmosphere) constrain variations in the CO(2) fluxes between those reservoirs. Here we present a highly resolved atmospheric delta(13)C record for the past 11,000 years from measurements on atmospheric CO(2) trapped in an Antarctic ice core. From mass-balance inverse model calculations performed with a simplified carbon cycle model, we show that the decrease in atmospheric CO(2) of about 5 parts per million by volume (p.p.m.v.). The increase in delta(13)C of about 0.25 per thousand during the early Holocene is most probably the result of a combination of carbon uptake of about 290 gigatonnes of carbon by the land biosphere and carbon release from the ocean in response to carbonate compensation of the terrestrial uptake during the termination of the last ice age. The 20 p.p.m.v. increase of atmospheric CO(2) and the small decrease in delta(13)C of about 0.05 per thousand during the later Holocene can mostly be explained by contributions from carbonate compensation of earlier land-biosphere uptake and coral reef formation, with only a minor contribution from a small decrease of the land-biosphere carbon inventory. Reconstructions of atmospheric CO2 concentrations based on Antarctic ice cores reveal significant changes during the Holocene epoch, but the processes responsible for these changes in CO2 concentrations have not been unambiguously identified. Distinct characteristics in the carbon isotope signatures of the major carbon reservoirs (ocean, biosphere, sediments and atmosphere) constrain variations in the CO2 fluxes between those reservoirs. Here we present a highly resolved atmospheric δ^sup 13^C record for the past 11,000 years from measurements on atmospheric CO2 trapped in an Antarctic ice core. From mass-balance inverse model calculations performed with a simplified carbon cycle model, we show that the decrease in atmospheric CO2 of about 5 parts per million by volume (p.p.m.v.). The increase in δ^sup 13^C of about 0.25% during the early Holocene is most probably the result of a combination of carbon uptake of about 290 gigatonnes of carbon by the land biosphere and carbon release from the ocean in response to carbonate compensation of the terrestrial uptake during the termination of the last ice age. The 20 p.p.m.v. increase of atmospheric CO2 and the small decrease in δ^sup 13^C of about 0.05% during the later Holocene can mostly be explained by contributions from carbonate compensation of earlier land-biosphere uptake and coral reef formation, with only a minor contribution from a small decrease of the land-biosphere carbon inventory. [PUBLICATION ABSTRACT] |
| Audience | Academic |
| Author | Joos, Fortunat Schmitt, Jochen Leuenberger, Daiana Stocker, Thomas F. Eyer, Marc Schneider, Robert Leuenberger, Markus Fischer, Hubertus Elsig, Joachim |
| Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: Joachim surname: Elsig fullname: Elsig, Joachim organization: Climate and Environmental Physics, Physics Institute, University of Bern, Sidlerstrasse 5, CH-3012 Bern, Switzerland , Oeschger Centre for Climate Change Research, University of Bern, Zähringerstrasse 25, CH-3012 Bern, Switzerland – sequence: 2 givenname: Jochen surname: Schmitt fullname: Schmitt, Jochen organization: Climate and Environmental Physics, Physics Institute, University of Bern, Sidlerstrasse 5, CH-3012 Bern, Switzerland , Oeschger Centre for Climate Change Research, University of Bern, Zähringerstrasse 25, CH-3012 Bern, Switzerland , Alfred Wegener Institute for Polar and Marine Research (AWI), Columbusstrasse, D-27568 Bremerhaven, Germany – sequence: 3 givenname: Daiana surname: Leuenberger fullname: Leuenberger, Daiana organization: Climate and Environmental Physics, Physics Institute, University of Bern, Sidlerstrasse 5, CH-3012 Bern, Switzerland , Oeschger Centre for Climate Change Research, University of Bern, Zähringerstrasse 25, CH-3012 Bern, Switzerland – sequence: 4 givenname: Robert surname: Schneider fullname: Schneider, Robert organization: Climate and Environmental Physics, Physics Institute, University of Bern, Sidlerstrasse 5, CH-3012 Bern, Switzerland , Oeschger Centre for Climate Change Research, University of Bern, Zähringerstrasse 25, CH-3012 Bern, Switzerland – sequence: 5 givenname: Marc surname: Eyer fullname: Eyer, Marc organization: Climate and Environmental Physics, Physics Institute, University of Bern, Sidlerstrasse 5, CH-3012 Bern, Switzerland , Oeschger Centre for Climate Change Research, University of Bern, Zähringerstrasse 25, CH-3012 Bern, Switzerland – sequence: 6 givenname: Markus surname: Leuenberger fullname: Leuenberger, Markus organization: Climate and Environmental Physics, Physics Institute, University of Bern, Sidlerstrasse 5, CH-3012 Bern, Switzerland , Oeschger Centre for Climate Change Research, University of Bern, Zähringerstrasse 25, CH-3012 Bern, Switzerland – sequence: 7 givenname: Fortunat surname: Joos fullname: Joos, Fortunat organization: Climate and Environmental Physics, Physics Institute, University of Bern, Sidlerstrasse 5, CH-3012 Bern, Switzerland , Oeschger Centre for Climate Change Research, University of Bern, Zähringerstrasse 25, CH-3012 Bern, Switzerland – sequence: 8 givenname: Hubertus surname: Fischer fullname: Fischer, Hubertus organization: Climate and Environmental Physics, Physics Institute, University of Bern, Sidlerstrasse 5, CH-3012 Bern, Switzerland , Oeschger Centre for Climate Change Research, University of Bern, Zähringerstrasse 25, CH-3012 Bern, Switzerland , Alfred Wegener Institute for Polar and Marine Research (AWI), Columbusstrasse, D-27568 Bremerhaven, Germany – sequence: 9 givenname: Thomas F. surname: Stocker fullname: Stocker, Thomas F. email: stocker@climate.unibe.ch organization: Climate and Environmental Physics, Physics Institute, University of Bern, Sidlerstrasse 5, CH-3012 Bern, Switzerland , Oeschger Centre for Climate Change Research, University of Bern, Zähringerstrasse 25, CH-3012 Bern, Switzerland |
| BackLink | http://pascal-francis.inist.fr/vibad/index.php?action=getRecordDetail&idt=21933933$$DView record in Pascal Francis https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19779448$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed |
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| ContentType | Journal Article |
| Copyright | Macmillan Publishers Limited. All rights reserved 2009 2009 INIST-CNRS COPYRIGHT 2009 Nature Publishing Group Copyright Nature Publishing Group Sep 24, 2009 |
| Copyright_xml | – notice: Macmillan Publishers Limited. All rights reserved 2009 – notice: 2009 INIST-CNRS – notice: COPYRIGHT 2009 Nature Publishing Group – notice: Copyright Nature Publishing Group Sep 24, 2009 |
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| Keywords | time variations mass balance inverse modeling reservoirs ice upper Quaternary drill cores paleoatmosphere flux Cenozoic carbon dioxide stable isotopes corals Quaternary C-13/C-12 concentration reefs carbon cycle biosphere carbonates ocean Invertebrata Phanerozoic invertebrates Holocene |
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| Snippet | Holocene carbon cycle
A new atmospheric δ
13
C record derived from measurements of air trapped in the EPICA Dome C Antarctic ice core, combined with a simple... Reconstructions of atmospheric CO(2) concentrations based on Antarctic ice cores reveal significant changes during the Holocene epoch, but the processes... Reconstructions of atmospheric C[O.sub.2] concentrations based on Antarctic ice cores (1,2) reveal significant changes during the Holocene epoch, but the... Reconstructions of atmospheric CO2 concentrations based on Antarctic ice cores reveal significant changes during the Holocene epoch, but the processes... Reconstructions of atmospheric CO sub(2) concentrations based on Antarctic ice cores reveal significant changes during the Holocene epoch, but the processes... |
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| SubjectTerms | Air - analysis Animals Antarctic Regions Antarctica Anthozoa - growth & development Anthozoa - metabolism Atmosphere Atmosphere - chemistry Atmospherics Biosphere Carbon Carbon - analysis Carbon - metabolism Carbon cycle Carbon dioxide Carbon Dioxide - analysis Carbon Dioxide - metabolism Carbon Isotopes Climate Compensation Coral reefs Earth sciences Earth, ocean, space Ecosystem Environmental aspects Evolution Exact sciences and technology Gases History, Ancient Holocene Humanities and Social Sciences Ice ages Ice cores Ice Cover - chemistry Isotopes Legislation letter Marine Marine and continental quaternary Methods Monte Carlo simulation multidisciplinary Pressure gauges Reef formation Reservoirs Science Science (multidisciplinary) Stable isotopes Surficial geology Time Factors Uptakes |
| Title | Stable isotope constraints on Holocene carbon cycle changes from an Antarctic ice core |
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