Cold winter soils enhance dissolved organic carbon concentrations in soil and stream water

Concentrations of dissolved organic carbon ([DOC]) have increased in lakes, streams and rivers across a large part of the northern hemisphere and raised an animated scientific debate about the underlying mechanisms. The lack of consensus about the role of climate in controlling the DOC trends highli...

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Vydáno v:	Geophysical research letters Ročník 37; číslo 8; s. np - n/a
Hlavní autoři:	Haei, Mahsa, Öquist, Mats G., Buffam, Ishi, Ågren, Anneli, Blomkvist, Peder, Bishop, Kevin, Ottosson Löfvenius, Mikaell, Laudon, Hjalmar
Médium:	Journal Article
Jazyk:	angličtina
Vydáno:	Washington, DC Blackwell Publishing Ltd 01.04.2010 American Geophysical Union John Wiley & Sons, Inc
Témata:	Biogeochemistry Carbon Climate change Climatic conditions Cryosphere Dissolution Dissolved organic carbon Earth sciences Earth, ocean, space Environmental Sciences related to Agriculture and Land-use Exact sciences and technology Freshwater Geophysics Miljö- och naturvårdsvetenskap Moisture content Snowmelt soil frost Soil water Soils Streams Surface water Winter winter climate rivers trend-surface analysis springs streams latitude Summer concentration climate Dissolved organic carbon Dynamical climatology Climatic condition surface water Winter Northern Hemisphere gels Snow melt Spring(season) regulations Boreal lakes soils climate change
ISSN:	0094-8276, 1944-8007, 1944-8007
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Abstract	Concentrations of dissolved organic carbon ([DOC]) have increased in lakes, streams and rivers across a large part of the northern hemisphere and raised an animated scientific debate about the underlying mechanisms. The lack of consensus about the role of climate in controlling the DOC trends highlights the need for understanding the regulation of surface water DOC. We found that longer and colder winters result in higher [DOC] in a boreal headwater stream during the subsequent snowmelt. In addition, prolonged soil frost increases the spring and summer [DOC] in the riparian soil water, which is a major contributor of stream water DOC in the studied area. We conclude that winter climatic conditions can play a substantial role in controlling stream [DOC] in ways not previously understood. These findings are especially important for northern latitude regions expected to be most affected by climate change.
AbstractList	Concentrations of dissolved organic carbon ([DOC]) have increased in lakes, streams and rivers across a large part of the northern hemisphere and raised an animated scientific debate about the underlying mechanisms. The lack of consensus about the role of climate in controlling the DOC trends highlights the need for understanding the regulation of surface water DOC. We found that longer and colder winters result in higher [DOC] in a boreal headwater stream during the subsequent snowmelt. In addition, prolonged soil frost increases the spring and summer [DOC] in the riparian soil water, which is a major contributor of stream water DOC in the studied area. We conclude that winter climatic conditions can play a substantial role in controlling stream [DOC] in ways not previously understood. These findings are especially important for northern latitude regions expected to be most affected by climate change. Concentrations of dissolved organic carbon ([DOC]) have increased in lakes, streams and rivers across a large part of the northern hemisphere and raised an animated scientific debate about the underlying mechanisms. The lack of consensus about the role of climate in controlling the DOC trends highlights the need for understanding the regulation of surface water DOC. We found that longer and colder winters result in higher [DOC] in a boreal headwater stream during the subsequent snowmelt. In addition, prolonged soil frost increases the spring and summer [DOC] in the riparian soil water, which is a major contributor of stream water DOC in the studied area. We conclude that winter climatic conditions can play a substantial role in controlling stream [DOC] in ways not previously understood. These findings are especially important for northern latitude regions expected to be most affected by climate change. Citation: Haei, M., M. G. Oquist, I. Buffam, A. angstrom gren, P. Blomkvist, K. Bishop, M. Ottosson Lofvenius, and H. Laudon (2010), Cold winter soils enhance dissolved organic carbon concentrations in soil and st ream water, Geophys. Res. Lett., 37, L08501, doi: 10.1029/2010GL042821.
Author	Ågren, Anneli Buffam, Ishi Bishop, Kevin Blomkvist, Peder Haei, Mahsa Öquist, Mats G. Laudon, Hjalmar Ottosson Löfvenius, Mikaell
Author_xml	– sequence: 1 givenname: Mahsa surname: Haei fullname: Haei, Mahsa email: mahsa.haei@emg.umu.se organization: Department of Ecology and Environmental Science, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden – sequence: 2 givenname: Mats G. surname: Öquist fullname: Öquist, Mats G. organization: Department of Forest Ecology and Management, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Umeå, Sweden – sequence: 3 givenname: Ishi surname: Buffam fullname: Buffam, Ishi organization: Ecosystem and Landscape Ecology Lab, Department of Zoology, University of Wisconsin, Wisconsin, Madison, USA – sequence: 4 givenname: Anneli surname: Ågren fullname: Ågren, Anneli organization: Department of Forest Ecology and Management, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Umeå, Sweden – sequence: 5 givenname: Peder surname: Blomkvist fullname: Blomkvist, Peder organization: Department of Forest Ecology and Management, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Umeå, Sweden – sequence: 6 givenname: Kevin surname: Bishop fullname: Bishop, Kevin organization: Department of Aquatic Sciences and Assessment, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden – sequence: 7 givenname: Mikaell surname: Ottosson Löfvenius fullname: Ottosson Löfvenius, Mikaell organization: Department of Forest Ecology and Management, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Umeå, Sweden – sequence: 8 givenname: Hjalmar surname: Laudon fullname: Laudon, Hjalmar organization: Department of Forest Ecology and Management, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Umeå, Sweden
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Keywords	rivers trend-surface analysis springs streams latitude Summer concentration climate Dissolved organic carbon Dynamical climatology Climatic condition surface water Winter Northern Hemisphere gels Snow melt Spring(season) regulations Boreal lakes soils climate change
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References	Austnes, K., and L. S. Vestgarden (2008), Prolonged frost increases release of C and N from a montane heathland soil in southern Norway, Soil Biol. Biochem., 40(10), 2540-2546, doi:10.1016/j.soilbio.2008.06.014. Austnes, K., et al. (2008), Manipulation of snow in small headwater catchments at Storgama, Norway: Effects on leaching of total organic carbon and total organic nitrogen, Ambio, 37(1), 38-47, doi:10.1579/0044-7447(2008)37[38:MOSISH]2.0.CO;2. Kalbitz, K., et al. (2000), Controls on the dynamics of dissolved organic matter in soils: A review, Soil Sci., 165(4), 277-304, doi:10.1097/00010694-200004000-00001. Groffman, P. M., et al. (2001), Colder soils in a warmer world: A snow manipulation study in a northern hardwood forest ecosystem, Biogeochemistry, 56(2), 135-150, doi:10.1023/A:1013039830323. Öquist, M. G., and H. Laudon (2008), Winter soil frost conditions in boreal forests control growing season soil CO2 concentration and its atmospheric exchange, Global Change Biol., 14(12), 2839-2847, doi:10.1111/j.1365-2486.2008.01669.x. Tierney, G. L., et al. (2001), Soil freezing alters fine root dynamics in a northern hardwood forest, Biogeochemistry, 56(2), 175-190, doi:10.1023/A:1013072519889. Seibert, J., et al. (2009), Linking soil- and stream-water chemistry based on a Riparian Flow-Concentration Integration Model, Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 13(12), 2287-2297. Soulides, D. A., and F. A. Allison (1961), Effects of drying and freezing soils on carbon dioxide production, available mineral nutrients, aggregation, and bacterial populations, Soil Sci., 91(5), 291-298, doi:10.1097/00010694-196105000-00001. Vaz, M. D. R., et al. (1994), Changes in the chemistry of soil solution and acetic-acid extractable-p following different types of freeze-thaw episodes, Eur. J. Soil Sci., 45(3), 353-359, doi:10.1111/j.1365-2389.1994.tb00519.x. Barnett, T. P., et al. (2005), Potential impacts of a warming climate on water availability in snow-dominated regions, Nature, 438(7066), 303-309, doi:10.1038/nature04141. Monteith, D. T., et al. (2007), Dissolved organic carbon trends resulting from changes in atmospheric deposition chemistry, Nature, 450(7169), 537-540, doi:10.1038/nature06316. Wang, F. L., and J. R. Bettany (1993), Influence of freeze-thaw and flooding on the loss of soluble organic-carbon and carbon-dioxide from soil, J. Environ. Qual., 22(4), 709-714. Köhler, S. J., et al. (2008), Climate's control of intra-annual and interannual variability of total organic carbon concentration and flux in two contrasting boreal landscape elements, J. Geophys. Res., 113, G03012, doi:10.1029/2007JG000629. Fitzhugh, R. D., et al. (2001), Effects of soil freezing disturbance on soil solution nitrogen, phosphorus, and carbon chemistry in a northern hardwood ecosystem, Biogeochemistry, 56(2), 215-238, doi:10.1023/A:1013076609950. Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) (2001), Climate Change 2001: The Scientific Basis. Contribution of Working Group I to the Third Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, edited by J. T. Houghton et al., Cambridge Univ. Press, New York. Roulet, N., and T. R. Moore (2006), Environmental chemistry: Browning the waters, Nature, 444(7117), 283-284, doi:10.1038/444283a. Stieglitz, M., S. J. Déry, V. E. Romanovsky, and T. E. Osterkamp (2003), The role of snow cover in the warming of arctic permafrost, Geophys. Res. Lett., 30(13), 1721, doi:10.1029/2003GL017337. Williams, M. W., et al. (1998), Nitrogen and carbon soil dynamics in response to climate change in a high-elevation ecosystem in the Rocky Mountains, USA, Arct. Alp. Res., 30(1), 26-30, doi:10.2307/1551742. 2009; 13 2001 1993; 22 2007; 450 2008; 14 1961; 91 1994; 45 2008; 37 2005; 438 2000; 165 2008; 113 1998; 30 2008; 40 2001; 56 2003; 30 2006; 444 Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) (e_1_2_6_7_1) 2001 e_1_2_6_10_1 e_1_2_6_9_1 e_1_2_6_8_1 e_1_2_6_19_1 e_1_2_6_5_1 e_1_2_6_4_1 e_1_2_6_6_1 e_1_2_6_13_1 e_1_2_6_14_1 e_1_2_6_3_1 e_1_2_6_11_1 e_1_2_6_2_1 e_1_2_6_12_1 e_1_2_6_17_1 e_1_2_6_18_1 e_1_2_6_15_1 e_1_2_6_16_1
References_xml	– reference: Seibert, J., et al. (2009), Linking soil- and stream-water chemistry based on a Riparian Flow-Concentration Integration Model, Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 13(12), 2287-2297. – reference: Fitzhugh, R. D., et al. (2001), Effects of soil freezing disturbance on soil solution nitrogen, phosphorus, and carbon chemistry in a northern hardwood ecosystem, Biogeochemistry, 56(2), 215-238, doi:10.1023/A:1013076609950. – reference: Austnes, K., et al. (2008), Manipulation of snow in small headwater catchments at Storgama, Norway: Effects on leaching of total organic carbon and total organic nitrogen, Ambio, 37(1), 38-47, doi:10.1579/0044-7447(2008)37[38:MOSISH]2.0.CO;2. – reference: Groffman, P. M., et al. (2001), Colder soils in a warmer world: A snow manipulation study in a northern hardwood forest ecosystem, Biogeochemistry, 56(2), 135-150, doi:10.1023/A:1013039830323. – reference: Öquist, M. G., and H. Laudon (2008), Winter soil frost conditions in boreal forests control growing season soil CO2 concentration and its atmospheric exchange, Global Change Biol., 14(12), 2839-2847, doi:10.1111/j.1365-2486.2008.01669.x. – reference: Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) (2001), Climate Change 2001: The Scientific Basis. Contribution of Working Group I to the Third Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, edited by J. T. Houghton et al., Cambridge Univ. Press, New York. – reference: Tierney, G. L., et al. (2001), Soil freezing alters fine root dynamics in a northern hardwood forest, Biogeochemistry, 56(2), 175-190, doi:10.1023/A:1013072519889. – reference: Wang, F. L., and J. R. Bettany (1993), Influence of freeze-thaw and flooding on the loss of soluble organic-carbon and carbon-dioxide from soil, J. Environ. Qual., 22(4), 709-714. – reference: Köhler, S. J., et al. (2008), Climate's control of intra-annual and interannual variability of total organic carbon concentration and flux in two contrasting boreal landscape elements, J. Geophys. Res., 113, G03012, doi:10.1029/2007JG000629. – reference: Stieglitz, M., S. J. Déry, V. E. Romanovsky, and T. E. Osterkamp (2003), The role of snow cover in the warming of arctic permafrost, Geophys. Res. Lett., 30(13), 1721, doi:10.1029/2003GL017337. – reference: Barnett, T. P., et al. (2005), Potential impacts of a warming climate on water availability in snow-dominated regions, Nature, 438(7066), 303-309, doi:10.1038/nature04141. – reference: Vaz, M. D. R., et al. (1994), Changes in the chemistry of soil solution and acetic-acid extractable-p following different types of freeze-thaw episodes, Eur. J. Soil Sci., 45(3), 353-359, doi:10.1111/j.1365-2389.1994.tb00519.x. – reference: Kalbitz, K., et al. (2000), Controls on the dynamics of dissolved organic matter in soils: A review, Soil Sci., 165(4), 277-304, doi:10.1097/00010694-200004000-00001. – reference: Williams, M. W., et al. (1998), Nitrogen and carbon soil dynamics in response to climate change in a high-elevation ecosystem in the Rocky Mountains, USA, Arct. Alp. Res., 30(1), 26-30, doi:10.2307/1551742. – reference: Roulet, N., and T. R. Moore (2006), Environmental chemistry: Browning the waters, Nature, 444(7117), 283-284, doi:10.1038/444283a. – reference: Monteith, D. T., et al. (2007), Dissolved organic carbon trends resulting from changes in atmospheric deposition chemistry, Nature, 450(7169), 537-540, doi:10.1038/nature06316. – reference: Soulides, D. A., and F. A. Allison (1961), Effects of drying and freezing soils on carbon dioxide production, available mineral nutrients, aggregation, and bacterial populations, Soil Sci., 91(5), 291-298, doi:10.1097/00010694-196105000-00001. – reference: Austnes, K., and L. S. Vestgarden (2008), Prolonged frost increases release of C and N from a montane heathland soil in southern Norway, Soil Biol. Biochem., 40(10), 2540-2546, doi:10.1016/j.soilbio.2008.06.014. – volume: 30 issue: 13 year: 2003 article-title: The role of snow cover in the warming of arctic permafrost publication-title: Geophys. Res. Lett. – volume: 450 start-page: 537 issue: 7169 year: 2007 end-page: 540 article-title: Dissolved organic carbon trends resulting from changes in atmospheric deposition chemistry publication-title: Nature – volume: 444 start-page: 283 issue: 7117 year: 2006 end-page: 284 article-title: Environmental chemistry: Browning the waters publication-title: Nature – volume: 56 start-page: 175 issue: 2 year: 2001 end-page: 190 article-title: Soil freezing alters fine root dynamics in a northern hardwood forest publication-title: Biogeochemistry – volume: 56 start-page: 135 issue: 2 year: 2001 end-page: 150 article-title: Colder soils in a warmer world: A snow manipulation study in a northern hardwood forest ecosystem publication-title: Biogeochemistry – volume: 91 start-page: 291 issue: 5 year: 1961 end-page: 298 article-title: Effects of drying and freezing soils on carbon dioxide production, available mineral nutrients, aggregation, and bacterial populations publication-title: Soil Sci. – volume: 30 start-page: 26 issue: 1 year: 1998 end-page: 30 article-title: Nitrogen and carbon soil dynamics in response to climate change in a high‐elevation ecosystem in the Rocky Mountains, USA publication-title: Arct. Alp. Res. – volume: 438 start-page: 303 issue: 7066 year: 2005 end-page: 309 article-title: Potential impacts of a warming climate on water availability in snow‐dominated regions publication-title: Nature – volume: 40 start-page: 2540 issue: 10 year: 2008 end-page: 2546 article-title: Prolonged frost increases release of C and N from a montane heathland soil in southern Norway publication-title: Soil Biol. Biochem. – volume: 45 start-page: 353 issue: 3 year: 1994 end-page: 359 article-title: Changes in the chemistry of soil solution and acetic‐acid extractable‐p following different types of freeze‐thaw episodes publication-title: Eur. J. Soil Sci. – volume: 22 start-page: 709 issue: 4 year: 1993 end-page: 714 article-title: Influence of freeze‐thaw and flooding on the loss of soluble organic‐carbon and carbon‐dioxide from soil publication-title: J. Environ. Qual. – year: 2001 – volume: 14 start-page: 2839 issue: 12 year: 2008 end-page: 2847 article-title: Winter soil frost conditions in boreal forests control growing season soil CO2 concentration and its atmospheric exchange publication-title: Global Change Biol. – volume: 165 start-page: 277 issue: 4 year: 2000 end-page: 304 article-title: Controls on the dynamics of dissolved organic matter in soils: A review publication-title: Soil Sci. – volume: 13 start-page: 2287 issue: 12 year: 2009 end-page: 2297 article-title: Linking soil‐ and stream‐water chemistry based on a Riparian Flow‐Concentration Integration Model publication-title: Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci. – volume: 56 start-page: 215 issue: 2 year: 2001 end-page: 238 article-title: Effects of soil freezing disturbance on soil solution nitrogen, phosphorus, and carbon chemistry in a northern hardwood ecosystem publication-title: Biogeochemistry – volume: 37 start-page: 38 issue: 1 year: 2008 end-page: 47 article-title: Manipulation of snow in small headwater catchments at Storgama, Norway: Effects on leaching of total organic carbon and total organic nitrogen publication-title: Ambio – volume: 113 year: 2008 article-title: Climate's control of intra‐annual and interannual variability of total organic carbon concentration and flux in two contrasting boreal landscape elements publication-title: J. Geophys. Res. – ident: e_1_2_6_3_1 doi: 10.1579/0044‐7447(2008)37[38:MOSISH]2.0.CO;2 – ident: e_1_2_6_10_1 doi: 10.1038/nature06316 – ident: e_1_2_6_19_1 doi: 10.2307/1551742 – ident: e_1_2_6_9_1 doi: 10.1029/2007JG000629 – ident: e_1_2_6_11_1 doi: 10.1111/j.1365‐2486.2008.01669.x – ident: e_1_2_6_5_1 doi: 10.1023/A:1013076609950 – ident: e_1_2_6_12_1 doi: 10.1038/444283a – ident: e_1_2_6_17_1 doi: 10.1111/j.1365‐2389.1994.tb00519.x – ident: e_1_2_6_2_1 doi: 10.1016/j.soilbio.2008.06.014 – ident: e_1_2_6_6_1 doi: 10.1023/A:1013039830323 – ident: e_1_2_6_8_1 doi: 10.1097/00010694‐200004000‐00001 – ident: e_1_2_6_16_1 doi: 10.1023/A:1013072519889 – volume-title: Climate Change 2001: The Scientific Basis. Contribution of Working Group I to the Third Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change year: 2001 ident: e_1_2_6_7_1 – ident: e_1_2_6_13_1 doi: 10.5194/hess-13-2287-2009 – ident: e_1_2_6_14_1 doi: 10.1097/00010694‐196105000‐00001 – ident: e_1_2_6_15_1 doi: 10.1029/2003GL017337 – ident: e_1_2_6_18_1 doi: 10.2134/jeq1993.00472425002200040011x – ident: e_1_2_6_4_1 doi: 10.1038/nature04141
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Snippet	Concentrations of dissolved organic carbon ([DOC]) have increased in lakes, streams and rivers across a large part of the northern hemisphere and raised an...
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SubjectTerms	Biogeochemistry Carbon Climate change Climatic conditions Cryosphere Dissolution Dissolved organic carbon Earth sciences Earth, ocean, space Environmental Sciences related to Agriculture and Land-use Exact sciences and technology Freshwater Geophysics Miljö- och naturvårdsvetenskap Moisture content Snowmelt soil frost Soil water Soils Streams Surface water Winter winter climate
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Title	Cold winter soils enhance dissolved organic carbon concentrations in soil and stream water
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