The Nuclear Taboo The United States and the Non-Use of Nuclear Weapons Since 1945
Why have nuclear weapons not been used since Hiroshima and Nagasaki in 1945? Nina Tannenwald disputes the conventional answer of 'deterrence' in favour of what she calls a nuclear taboo - a widespread inhibition on using nuclear weapons - which has arisen in global politics. Drawing on new...
Saved in:
| Main Author: | |
|---|---|
| Format: | eBook Book |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Cambridge
Cambridge University Press
20.12.2007
|
| Edition: | 1 |
| Series: | Cambridge studies in international relations |
| Subjects: | |
| ISBN: | 9780521818865, 0521818869, 0521524288, 9780521524285 |
| Online Access: | Get full text |
| Tags: |
Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
|
| Abstract | Why have nuclear weapons not been used since Hiroshima and Nagasaki in 1945? Nina Tannenwald disputes the conventional answer of 'deterrence' in favour of what she calls a nuclear taboo - a widespread inhibition on using nuclear weapons - which has arisen in global politics. Drawing on newly released archival sources, Tannenwald traces the rise of the nuclear taboo, the forces that produced it, and its influence, particularly on US leaders. She analyzes four critical instances where US leaders considered using nuclear weapons (Japan 1945, the Korean War, the Vietnam War, and the Gulf War 1991) and examines how the nuclear taboo has repeatedly dissuaded US and other world leaders from resorting to these 'ultimate weapons'. Through a systematic analysis, Tannenwald challenges conventional conceptions of deterrence and offers a compelling argument on the moral bases of nuclear restraint as well as an important insight into how nuclear war can be avoided in the future. |
|---|---|
| AbstractList | There has been no use of nuclear weapons since Hiroshima and Nagasaki. Nina Tannenwald argues that this was not inevitable, but that a tradition of non-use of nuclear weapons has grown up, based on the feeling that nuclear weapons are not a legitimate weapon of war. Why have nuclear weapons not been used since Hiroshima and Nagasaki in 1945? Nina Tannenwald disputes the conventional answer of 'deterrence' in favour of what she calls a nuclear taboo - a widespread inhibition on using nuclear weapons - which has arisen in global politics. Drawing on newly released archival sources, Tannenwald traces the rise of the nuclear taboo, the forces that produced it, and its influence, particularly on US leaders. She analyzes four critical instances where US leaders considered using nuclear weapons (Japan 1945, the Korean War, the Vietnam War, and the Gulf War 1991) and examines how the nuclear taboo has repeatedly dissuaded US and other world leaders from resorting to these 'ultimate weapons'. Through a systematic analysis, Tannenwald challenges conventional conceptions of deterrence and offers a compelling argument on the moral bases of nuclear restraint as well as an important insight into how nuclear war can be avoided in the future. |
| Author | Tannenwald, Nina |
| Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: Nina surname: Tannenwald fullname: Tannenwald, Nina organization: Brown University, Rhode Island |
| BackLink | https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1130282268702585984$$DView record in CiNii |
| BookMark | eNqFkTtPwzAQgI14iLZ0YGPsgJAYAj7bic8jjcpDQnSpWCPbcWhoSCBu4e_jNhVIIMQNd7Lvu3ef7NVN7Qg5AXoBFORlOp4qiTQGEAokS3ZI_-shd8lw42SAgJjEB6QnuAQlqYRDMvT-mQZhwMJfjxzP5m70sLKV0-1opk3THJH9QlfeDbd2QB6vJ7P0Nrqf3tylV_eRDhW5ioxQjsZC6CQRcY6FzLlMmHPKcLCYGOEKh1LqPM-RKQRrBQMpigKFRWMkH5DzLrH2C_fh50219Nl75UIPC5-FGQBCy1IIGv_Pfi8jsGcd-9o2byvnl9kGs65etrrKJuOUM0QlAnjagXVZZrZcawBOGTKWoKQsxljhGuMdZvWLacv8yWW2abelgWbrk2Q_TxKiol9Rpvmb_wTKA4Hj |
| ContentType | eBook Book |
| Copyright | Nina Tannenwald 2007 |
| Copyright_xml | – notice: Nina Tannenwald 2007 |
| DBID | RYH |
| DEWEY | 355.02170973 |
| DOI | 10.1017/CBO9780511491726 |
| DatabaseName | CiNii Complete |
| DatabaseTitleList | |
| DeliveryMethod | fulltext_linktorsrc |
| Discipline | Military & Naval Science |
| EISBN | 0511491727 9780511491726 9780511375989 0511375980 1107174406 9781107174405 |
| Edition | 1 |
| ExternalDocumentID | 9781107174405 9780511491726 EBC328894 BA84379190 10_1017_CBO9780511491726 |
| GroupedDBID | -G2 089 20A 38. A4I A4J AAAAZ AABBV AAHFW AAQLY ABARN ABESS ABFFC ABMRC ABWAU ACLGV ACNOG AD6 ADCGF ADVEM ADWXY AEDFS AEEBL AERYV AEWAL AEWQY AFTBM AGSJN AHAWV AHWGJ AJFER AJXXZ ALMA_UNASSIGNED_HOLDINGS AMJDZ ASYWF AYSPE AZZ BBABE BFIBU BOHXO BOIVQ CCHSS COXPH CZZ DDTGM DNNHO DZJTW EBSCA EDVGL FH2 HBNOM HWHVX IDFYU JJU MYL OLDIN OTBUH OZASK OZBHS PP- PQQKQ S3H SN- ZXKUE RYH EBACC |
| ID | FETCH-LOGICAL-a72639-b49e0544a6645d8f7d3762ee9b31c86b4efe877addd82981cc42174ff84c8bb73 |
| ISBN | 9780521818865 0521818869 0521524288 9780521524285 |
| ISICitedReferencesCount | 166 |
| ISICitedReferencesURI | http://www.webofscience.com/api/gateway?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=Summon&SrcAuth=ProQuest&DestLinkType=CitingArticles&DestApp=WOS_CPL&KeyUT=(TOP02)006014614&url=https%3A%2F%2Fcvtisr.summon.serialssolutions.com%2F%23%21%2Fsearch%3Fho%3Df%26include.ft.matches%3Dt%26l%3Dnull%26q%3D |
| IngestDate | Wed Aug 20 03:37:10 EDT 2025 Fri Nov 08 03:48:52 EST 2024 Wed Nov 26 07:17:58 EST 2025 Fri Jun 27 00:30:00 EDT 2025 Fri Feb 21 02:35:09 EST 2025 Wed Jul 30 04:00:07 EDT 2025 |
| IsPeerReviewed | false |
| IsScholarly | false |
| LCCallNum_Ident | U264.3 .T36 2007 |
| Language | English |
| LinkModel | OpenURL |
| MergedId | FETCHMERGED-LOGICAL-a72639-b49e0544a6645d8f7d3762ee9b31c86b4efe877addd82981cc42174ff84c8bb73 |
| Notes | Includes bibliographical references (p. 397-430) and index |
| OCLC | 437197071 |
| PQID | EBC328894 |
| PageCount | 473 |
| ParticipantIDs | askewsholts_vlebooks_9781107174405 askewsholts_vlebooks_9780511491726 proquest_ebookcentral_EBC328894 nii_cinii_1130282268702585984 cambridge_corebooks_10_1017_CBO9780511491726 cambridge_cbo_10_1017_CBO9780511491726 |
| PublicationCentury | 2000 |
| PublicationDate | 20071220 2007 2009-09-22 2007-12-20 |
| PublicationDateYYYYMMDD | 2007-12-20 2007-01-01 2009-09-22 |
| PublicationDate_xml | – month: 12 year: 2007 text: 20071220 day: 20 |
| PublicationDecade | 2000 |
| PublicationPlace | Cambridge |
| PublicationPlace_xml | – name: Cambridge |
| PublicationSeriesTitle | Cambridge studies in international relations |
| PublicationYear | 2007 2009 |
| Publisher | Cambridge University Press |
| Publisher_xml | – name: Cambridge University Press |
| SSID | ssj0000212719 ssib036177628 |
| Score | 2.4360778 |
| Snippet | Why have nuclear weapons not been used since Hiroshima and Nagasaki in 1945? Nina Tannenwald disputes the conventional answer of 'deterrence' in favour of what... There has been no use of nuclear weapons since Hiroshima and Nagasaki. Nina Tannenwald argues that this was not inevitable, but that a tradition of non-use of... |
| SourceID | askewsholts proquest nii cambridge |
| SourceType | Aggregation Database Publisher |
| SubjectTerms | Nuclear weapons Nuclear weapons - Government policy - United States |
| Subtitle | The United States and the Non-Use of Nuclear Weapons Since 1945 |
| TableOfContents | Cover -- Half-title -- Series-title -- Title -- Copyright -- Contents -- Preface -- Abbreviations -- 1 Introduction: the tradition of nuclear non-use -- The unexpected tradition of non-use -- The challenge of explaining non-use -- The nuclear taboo -- What makes it a taboo? -- A taboo and not simply a "tradition -- Evaluating the role of the taboo -- The origins of the taboo -- Why the United States? -- Implications -- Plan of the book -- 2 Explaining non-use -- Competing explanations for nuclear non-use -- Deterrence -- Non-deterrence explanations -- Shadow of the future -- Nuclear weapons lacked utility -- Non-deterrence material constraints -- The obsolescence of war -- Beyond material explanations: a nuclear taboo -- How norms work: three normative effects -- Mechanisms of normative influence -- Material constraints versus the taboo argument -- Explaining the rise of the nuclear taboo -- Characteristics of the nuclear taboo -- Anomalies for conventional explanations of the taboo -- Explanation of the taboo -- Research design and methods -- Conclusion: norms and deterrence -- 3 Hiroshima and the origins of the nuclear taboo -- The initial precedent -- Hiroshima and Nagasaki: the legitimacy of the bomb -- The momentum toward use -- The legitimacy of the bomb -- The legacy of Hiroshima -- The early postwar years: relief and uncertainty -- The initial response: The legitimacy and justice of use -- Constructing the legitimacy of the bomb -- Precursors to the taboo: two competing precedents -- The role of radiation and the poison gas analogy -- Categorization and the creation of precedents -- Truman's early precedents -- The UN and collective delegitimization of atomic weapons -- The creation of categories: "Weapons of mass destruction -- The prohibition on preventive war -- Developing a policy of use -- Conclusion 4 The Korean War: the emerging taboo -- Truman and the Korean War -- Initial considerations -- The United Nations as a restraining influence -- The crisis continues -- The explanation for non-use -- Declining escalation risks -- Political and normative constraints -- Indirect effects of an emerging taboo: Military utility and the issue of suitable targets -- Challenging the emerging taboo -- Eisenhower and Dulles -- The strategic and policy context -- The pursuit of the freedom to use -- How did the taboo matter? -- Conclusion -- 5 The rise of the nuclear taboo, 1953-1960 -- Stigmatizing the bomb -- The grassroots antinuclear weapons movement -- The contribution of the antinuclear weapons movement -- Delegitimation politics: Disarmament diplomacy at the UN -- Normative power politics: the Soviet campaign against nuclear weapons -- The emerging US reliance on "use": the effort to conventionalize tactical nuclear weapons -- The normative strategy -- Defending the legality of atomic weapons -- Operational planning for use of nuclear weapons in local wars -- The conventionalization campaign continues -- The propaganda war: The United States government fights back -- Efforts to create a more favorable public attitude toward nuclear weapons -- The failure of conventionalization: The taboo starts to win out -- Why the taboo prevailed -- Conclusion -- 6 Nuclear weapons and the Vietnam.War -- The Johnson administration and Vietnam -- Background: US nuclear doctrine -- Initial considerations -- Disagreement over escalation risks -- Political and normative concerns -- The 1964 Ball memo: The political costs of using nuclear weapons -- Challenging the taboo -- The 1966 Jason Report: Assessing the military utility of tactical nuclear weapons -- Did the study have any effect? -- The war escalates -- Khe Sanh -- Public opinion -- Nixon and Kissinger The taboo and the nuclear non-proliferation regime -- The nuclear taboo and the standard of civilization -- The challenge from the South -- The 1995 NPT extension conference -- Coalitions of the weak -- The geographical spread of non-use: nuclear-weapons-free zones -- The return of the abolition movement -- Global societal pressure takes nuclear weapons to court: The 1996 World Court Advisory Opinion -- Public opinion -- Footdragging on disarmament -- Conclusion -- 10 Conclusion: the prospects for the nuclear taboo -- The historical development of the taboo -- Alternative explanations -- Implications for theory -- The role of norms: the effects of the taboo -- Beyond rationalism -- How generalizable? -- To other weapons -- To other nations -- To non-state actors -- The future of the nuclear taboo -- Limits to the delegitimization of nuclear weapons -- Lessons of the nuclear taboo -- Lessons for researchers -- Lessons for practitioners -- Beyond the nuclear taboo -- Select bibliography -- Interviews -- Primary sources -- Published (government) documents -- Memoirs -- Books, articles -- Index Vietnam contingency planning -- Operation Duck Hook -- Spring 1972: In final pursuit of the knock-out blow -- Conclusion -- 7 Institutionalizing the taboo, 1960-1989 -- Institutionalization and consolidation -- The shift toward institutionalization: The changing strategic and normative context -- The multilateralization of arms control: Pressure for a nuclear ban -- The Nuclear Non-proliferation Treaty and the pressure for non-use assurances -- The first legal limitations on use: The creation of the Latin American nuclear-weapons-free zone -- Internalizing the taboo in the US government -- Early rejection of first use of strategic weapons -- Scholarly thinking on no-first-use -- Tactical nuclear weapons and the feasibility of limited nuclear war -- The shift to non-proliferation norms -- The codification of deterrence: US-Soviet arms control -- The 1972 Anti-Ballistic Missile Treaty -- Normative power politics: The 1973 Agreement on Preventing Nuclear War -- The consolidation of the taboo -- The demise of "peaceful nuclear explosions -- The furor over the neutron bomb -- The disarmament movement revives -- The renewed debate over no-first-use -- Reagan and arms control: The taboo survives the Reagan agenda -- The moral challenge to deterrence -- The return of arms control and the further delegitimization of deterrence -- How the taboo helped to stabilize, not undermine, deterrence -- Conclusion -- 8 The 1991 Gulf War -- Nuclear weapons in the Gulf War -- Taboo effects: The taboo itself becomes an "interest -- Public opinion -- Calculated ambiguity: The role of nuclear threats -- Were the nuclear threats effective? -- The nuclear taboo, conventional weapons, and.just-war theory -- Conclusion -- 9 The taboo in the post-Cold War world -- Nuclear developments in the 1990s -- The context: decreasing numbers -- No retreat from use |
| Title | The Nuclear Taboo |
| URI | http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511491726 https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511491726?locatt=mode:legacy https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1130282268702585984 https://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/[SITE_ID]/detail.action?docID=328894 https://www.vlebooks.com/vleweb/product/openreader?id=none&isbn=9780511491726 https://www.vlebooks.com/vleweb/product/openreader?id=none&isbn=9781107174405&uid=none |
| Volume | v.Series Number 87 |
| WOSCitedRecordID | wos(TOP02)006014614&url=https%3A%2F%2Fcvtisr.summon.serialssolutions.com%2F%23%21%2Fsearch%3Fho%3Df%26include.ft.matches%3Dt%26l%3Dnull%26q%3D |
| hasFullText | 1 |
| inHoldings | 1 |
| isFullTextHit | |
| isPrint | |
| link | http://cvtisr.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/link/0/eLvHCXMwtV3Lb9MwHLZY4cBOPLUCAwuhXUqkJXVqmxutirisIDGh3SLbdaSIKUVJ9-C_5_OjaZfxEAcuVuM6juPP8e9h-_sR8oYrKyDJRGLSjCdM2TTR0JMTA2kkMutYtbQPNsEXC3F2Jj_HqKytDyfA61pcX8vv_xVq5AFsd3T2H-DuKkUGfgN0pIAdaU8j7i63iNeOnlg1ozWwXY02mzZuKJbdnkkY_slFcOVvbruyyu2YHbWV-95TGTgYg2WPCbm-in7kRQy63fkLeM9f8MujYLvbPYJl6c70QpaLEMjh1jwbyJlm00--KGwqWH1Zj9LaC8npe-EYD6F27JE9mDYDchfydn7S-cE8xXwq4zHiHBqDEPHCP19GlqTNn_n2OrQvrj07HvB-e_bJvmq_QVhAkKzbXfYMaBJ1Vd2Sv16pOH1ABu6gyUNyx9aPyMGJp0tvftAjulAYDzTOuo_JFwBLI0LUA0vfUQBIA6w0wEoBq8-NsNJV2d0UYaUeVupgfUK-fpifzj4mMRZGovAiY5loJi3Ua6YmE5YvRcmXEA2ZtVKPUyMmmtnSCs4hrpYikyI1hjlrsywFM0JrPn5KBmiAPSA0VVzbY5Vl-lixXEhdalXmUJ210iUTbEhe73RbcXnu1-3b4kbf_qGQcymkjngyH5KjrssLo1dF2FPIiz5SQ_J2p-CqiZX9vvgh4CtM5dLUrb1Dz51A9GSwfqV7g1cbYAtfVdzpXMynszEGmGTP_lLDc3J_-_G8IIN1c2EPyT1zua7a5mUcxD8BCzxymA |
| linkProvider | ProQuest Ebooks |
| openUrl | ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info%3Aofi%2Fenc%3AUTF-8&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsummon.serialssolutions.com&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.title=The+nuclear+taboo+%3A+the+United+States+and+the+non-use+of+nuclear+weapons+since+1945&rft.au=Tannenwald%2C+Nina&rft.date=2007-01-01&rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&rft.isbn=9780521818865&rft_id=info:doi/10.1017%2FCBO9780511491726&rft.externalDocID=BA84379190 |
| thumbnail_m | http://cvtisr.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/image/custom?url=https%3A%2F%2Fassets.cambridge.org%2F97805215%2F24285%2Fcover%2F9780521524285.jpg http://cvtisr.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/image/custom?url=https%3A%2F%2Fvle.dmmserver.com%2Fmedia%2F640%2F97805114%2F9780511491726.jpg http://cvtisr.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/image/custom?url=https%3A%2F%2Fvle.dmmserver.com%2Fmedia%2F640%2F97811071%2F9781107174405.jpg |