The Ottoman Road to War in 1914 The Ottoman Empire and the First World War
Why did the Ottoman Empire enter the First World War in late October 1914, months after the war's devastations had become clear? Were its leaders 'simple-minded,' 'below-average' individuals, as the doyen of Turkish diplomatic history has argued? Or, as others have claimed,...
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Cambridge
Cambridge University Press
11.12.2008
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| Edition: | 1 |
| Series: | Cambridge Military Histories |
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| ISBN: | 0521175259, 9780521880602, 9780521175258, 0521880602 |
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| Abstract | Why did the Ottoman Empire enter the First World War in late October 1914, months after the war's devastations had become clear? Were its leaders 'simple-minded,' 'below-average' individuals, as the doyen of Turkish diplomatic history has argued? Or, as others have claimed, did the Ottomans enter the war because War Minister Enver Pasha, dictating Ottoman decisions, was in thrall to the Germans and to his own expansionist dreams? Based on previously untapped Ottoman and European sources, Mustafa Aksakal's dramatic study challenges this consensus. It demonstrates that responsibility went far beyond Enver, that the road to war was paved by the demands of a politically interested public, and that the Ottoman leadership sought the German alliance as the only way out of a web of international threats and domestic insecurities, opting for an escape whose catastrophic consequences for the empire and seismic impact on the Middle East are felt even today. |
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| AbstractList | Why did the Ottoman Empire enter the First World War, months after the war's devastations had become clear? Mustafa Aksakal's dramatic study demonstrates that responsibility went far beyond the war minister, Enver Pasha, and that the road to war was paved by the demands of a politically interested public. Why did the Ottoman Empire enter the First World War in late October 1914, months after the war's devastations had become clear? Were its leaders 'simple-minded,' 'below-average' individuals, as the doyen of Turkish diplomatic history has argued? Or, as others have claimed, did the Ottomans enter the war because War Minister Enver Pasha, dictating Ottoman decisions, was in thrall to the Germans and to his own expansionist dreams? Based on previously untapped Ottoman and European sources, Mustafa Aksakal's dramatic study challenges this consensus. It demonstrates that responsibility went far beyond Enver, that the road to war was paved by the demands of a politically interested public, and that the Ottoman leadership sought the German alliance as the only way out of a web of international threats and domestic insecurities, opting for an escape whose catastrophic consequences for the empire and seismic impact on the Middle East are felt even today. Why did the Ottoman Empire enter the First World War in late October 1914, months after the war's devastations had become clear? Were its leaders 'simple-minded,' 'below-average' individuals, as the doyen of Turkish diplomatic history has argued? Or, as others have claimed, did the Ottomans enter the war because War Minister Enver Pasha, dictating Ottoman decisions, was in thrall to the Germans and to his own expansionist dreams? Based on previously untapped Ottoman and European sources, Mustafa Aksakal's dramatic study challenges this consensus. It demonstrates that responsibility went far beyond Enver, that the road to war was paved by the demands of a politically interested public, and that the Ottoman leadership sought the German alliance as the only way out of a web of international threats and domestic insecurities, opting for an escape whose catastrophic consequences for the empire and seismic impact on the Middle East are felt even today. Summary reprinted by permission of Cambridge University Press |
| Author | Aksakal, Mustafa |
| Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: Mustafa surname: Aksakal fullname: Aksakal, Mustafa organization: American University, Washington DC |
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| Copyright | Mustafa Aksakal 2008 |
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| Snippet | Why did the Ottoman Empire enter the First World War in late October 1914, months after the war's devastations had become clear? Were its leaders... Why did the Ottoman Empire enter the First World War, months after the war's devastations had become clear? Mustafa Aksakal's dramatic study demonstrates that... |
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| SubjectTerms | 20th century Alliances Decision making Heads of state Military history Ottoman Empire Political conditions Political history Turkey - History, Military - 20th century Turkey -- History -- Mehmed V, 1909-1918 World War One World War, 1914-1918 World War, 1914-1918 -- Turkey |
| Subtitle | The Ottoman Empire and the First World War |
| TableOfContents | Cover -- Half-title -- Title -- Copyright -- Dedication -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Author's note -- Abbreviations -- Glossary -- Maps -- Introduction: pursuing sovereignty in the age of imperialism -- 1 The intellectual and emotional climate after the Balkan Wars -- The Ottoman Empire and the international order -- "National struggle" and the mobilization of society -- The journal Büyük Duygu (The Great Yearning) -- 2 1914: war with Greece? -- 3 The Ottoman Empire within the international order -- The role of Germany -- The Russian reform proposal for eastern Anatolia -- The Ottomans in the aftermath of the Balkan Wars -- The German military mission -- Russian challenge and Ottoman response -- 4 The Great War as great opportunity: the Ottoman July Crisis -- German-Ottoman alliance negotiations during the July Crisis -- The signing of the German-Ottoman alliance, August 2, 1914 -- Alliance and mobilization -- The arrival of the SMS Goeben and the SMS Breslau -- 5 Tug of war: Penelope's game -- The endangered alliance -- The first German-Ottoman crisis over Ottoman intervention, August 19-22 -- Between neutrality and alliance -- The German "no" to Ottoman requests for military aid, September 10, 1914 -- 6 Salvation through war? -- The second German-Ottoman crisis over Ottoman intervention, September 14-22 -- Alliance or neutrality? -- The naval attack on Russia, October 27-31, 1914 -- Intervention and its impact on German-Ottoman relations -- Conclusion: the decision for war remembered -- Bibliography -- I. Unpublished Documents -- Ottoman -- German -- II. Published Documents and Official Histories -- III. Contemporary Publications and Memoirs -- IV. Secondary Sources -- Index |
| Title | The Ottoman Road to War in 1914 |
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