Phylogenetic Position of a Copper Age Sheep (Ovis aries) Mitochondrial DNA

Sheep (Ovis aries) were domesticated in the Fertile Crescent region about 9,000-8,000 years ago. Currently, few mitochondrial (mt) DNA studies are available on archaeological sheep. In particular, no data on archaeological European sheep are available. Here we describe the first portion of mtDNA seq...

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Vydáno v:	PloS one Ročník 7; číslo 3; s. e33792
Hlavní autoři:	Olivieri, Cristina, Ermini, Luca, Rizzi, Ermanno, Corti, Giorgio, Luciani, Stefania, Marota, Isolina, De Bellis, Gianluca, Rollo, Franco
Médium:	Journal Article
Jazyk:	angličtina
Vydáno:	United States Public Library of Science 23.03.2012 Public Library of Science (PLoS)
Témata:	Age Amplification Animal populations Animals Archaeology Base pairs Biology Biosynthesis Copper Cytochrome Cytochrome b Cytochromes b - genetics Deoxyribonucleic acid DNA DNA, Mitochondrial - genetics Domestic animals Domestication Excavation Gene sequencing Genes Genetic diversity Genomes Hair Mitochondrial DNA Nucleotide sequence Ovis aries Phylogenetics Phylogeny Population genetics RNA RNA, Ribosomal - genetics rRNA 12S Sheep Sheep - classification Sheep - genetics Social and Behavioral Sciences Veterinary Science Asia Italy Europe
ISSN:	1932-6203, 1932-6203
On-line přístup:	Získat plný text
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Popis
Shrnutí:	Sheep (Ovis aries) were domesticated in the Fertile Crescent region about 9,000-8,000 years ago. Currently, few mitochondrial (mt) DNA studies are available on archaeological sheep. In particular, no data on archaeological European sheep are available. Here we describe the first portion of mtDNA sequence of a Copper Age European sheep. DNA was extracted from hair shafts which were part of the clothes of the so-called Tyrolean Iceman or Ötzi (5,350-5,100 years before present). Mitochondrial DNA (a total of 2,429 base pairs, encompassing a portion of the control region, tRNA(Phe), a portion of the 12S rRNA gene, and the whole cytochrome B gene) was sequenced using a mixed sequencing procedure based on PCR amplification and 454 sequencing of pooled amplification products. We have compared the sequence with the corresponding sequence of 334 extant lineages. A phylogenetic network based on a new cladistic notation for the mitochondrial diversity of domestic sheep shows that the Ötzi's sheep falls within haplogroup B, thus demonstrating that sheep belonging to this haplogroup were already present in the Alps more than 5,000 years ago. On the other hand, the lineage of the Ötzi's sheep is defined by two transitions (16147, and 16440) which, assembled together, define a motif that has not yet been identified in modern sheep populations.
Bibliografie:	ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 content type line 14 content type line 23 Conceived and designed the experiments: FR GDB. Performed the experiments: CO ER IM. Analyzed the data: CO LE GC SL IM FR. Wrote the paper: CO LE FR.
ISSN:	1932-6203 1932-6203
DOI:	10.1371/journal.pone.0033792