The evolution of maximum body size of terrestrial mammals

The extinction of dinosaurs at the Cretaceous/Paleogene (K/Pg) boundary was the seminal event that opened the door for the subsequent diversification of terrestrial mammals. Our compilation of maximum body size at the ordinal level by sub-epoch shows a near-exponential increase after the K/Pg. On ea...

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Vydáno v:	Science (American Association for the Advancement of Science) Ročník 330; číslo 6008; s. 1216
Hlavní autoři:	Smith, Felisa A, Boyer, Alison G, Brown, James H, Costa, Daniel P, Dayan, Tamar, Ernest, S K Morgan, Evans, Alistair R, Fortelius, Mikael, Gittleman, John L, Hamilton, Marcus J, Harding, Larisa E, Lintulaakso, Kari, Lyons, S Kathleen, McCain, Christy, Okie, Jordan G, Saarinen, Juha J, Sibly, Richard M, Stephens, Patrick R, Theodor, Jessica, Uhen, Mark D
Médium:	Journal Article
Jazyk:	angličtina
Vydáno:	United States 26.11.2010
Témata:	Animals Atmosphere Biological Evolution Body Size Ecosystem Environment Extinction, Biological Fossils Geography Mammals - anatomy & histology Mammals - classification Mammals - growth & development Models, Biological Oxygen Phylogeny Temperature
ISSN:	1095-9203, 1095-9203
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Abstract	The extinction of dinosaurs at the Cretaceous/Paleogene (K/Pg) boundary was the seminal event that opened the door for the subsequent diversification of terrestrial mammals. Our compilation of maximum body size at the ordinal level by sub-epoch shows a near-exponential increase after the K/Pg. On each continent, the maximum size of mammals leveled off after 40 million years ago and thereafter remained approximately constant. There was remarkable congruence in the rate, trajectory, and upper limit across continents, orders, and trophic guilds, despite differences in geological and climatic history, turnover of lineages, and ecological variation. Our analysis suggests that although the primary driver for the evolution of giant mammals was diversification to fill ecological niches, environmental temperature and land area may have ultimately constrained the maximum size achieved.
AbstractList	The extinction of dinosaurs at the Cretaceous/Paleogene (K/Pg) boundary was the seminal event that opened the door for the subsequent diversification of terrestrial mammals. Our compilation of maximum body size at the ordinal level by sub-epoch shows a near-exponential increase after the K/Pg. On each continent, the maximum size of mammals leveled off after 40 million years ago and thereafter remained approximately constant. There was remarkable congruence in the rate, trajectory, and upper limit across continents, orders, and trophic guilds, despite differences in geological and climatic history, turnover of lineages, and ecological variation. Our analysis suggests that although the primary driver for the evolution of giant mammals was diversification to fill ecological niches, environmental temperature and land area may have ultimately constrained the maximum size achieved.The extinction of dinosaurs at the Cretaceous/Paleogene (K/Pg) boundary was the seminal event that opened the door for the subsequent diversification of terrestrial mammals. Our compilation of maximum body size at the ordinal level by sub-epoch shows a near-exponential increase after the K/Pg. On each continent, the maximum size of mammals leveled off after 40 million years ago and thereafter remained approximately constant. There was remarkable congruence in the rate, trajectory, and upper limit across continents, orders, and trophic guilds, despite differences in geological and climatic history, turnover of lineages, and ecological variation. Our analysis suggests that although the primary driver for the evolution of giant mammals was diversification to fill ecological niches, environmental temperature and land area may have ultimately constrained the maximum size achieved. The extinction of dinosaurs at the Cretaceous/Paleogene (K/Pg) boundary was the seminal event that opened the door for the subsequent diversification of terrestrial mammals. Our compilation of maximum body size at the ordinal level by sub-epoch shows a near-exponential increase after the K/Pg. On each continent, the maximum size of mammals leveled off after 40 million years ago and thereafter remained approximately constant. There was remarkable congruence in the rate, trajectory, and upper limit across continents, orders, and trophic guilds, despite differences in geological and climatic history, turnover of lineages, and ecological variation. Our analysis suggests that although the primary driver for the evolution of giant mammals was diversification to fill ecological niches, environmental temperature and land area may have ultimately constrained the maximum size achieved.
Author	Theodor, Jessica Lintulaakso, Kari Costa, Daniel P Sibly, Richard M Gittleman, John L Harding, Larisa E Dayan, Tamar Okie, Jordan G Hamilton, Marcus J Lyons, S Kathleen Boyer, Alison G Evans, Alistair R Uhen, Mark D Brown, James H Smith, Felisa A Ernest, S K Morgan Saarinen, Juha J McCain, Christy Stephens, Patrick R Fortelius, Mikael
Author_xml	– sequence: 1 givenname: Felisa A surname: Smith fullname: Smith, Felisa A email: fasmith@unm.edu organization: Department of Biology, MSC03 2020, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA. fasmith@unm.edu – sequence: 2 givenname: Alison G surname: Boyer fullname: Boyer, Alison G – sequence: 3 givenname: James H surname: Brown fullname: Brown, James H – sequence: 4 givenname: Daniel P surname: Costa fullname: Costa, Daniel P – sequence: 5 givenname: Tamar surname: Dayan fullname: Dayan, Tamar – sequence: 6 givenname: S K Morgan surname: Ernest fullname: Ernest, S K Morgan – sequence: 7 givenname: Alistair R surname: Evans fullname: Evans, Alistair R – sequence: 8 givenname: Mikael surname: Fortelius fullname: Fortelius, Mikael – sequence: 9 givenname: John L surname: Gittleman fullname: Gittleman, John L – sequence: 10 givenname: Marcus J surname: Hamilton fullname: Hamilton, Marcus J – sequence: 11 givenname: Larisa E surname: Harding fullname: Harding, Larisa E – sequence: 12 givenname: Kari surname: Lintulaakso fullname: Lintulaakso, Kari – sequence: 13 givenname: S Kathleen surname: Lyons fullname: Lyons, S Kathleen – sequence: 14 givenname: Christy surname: McCain fullname: McCain, Christy – sequence: 15 givenname: Jordan G surname: Okie fullname: Okie, Jordan G – sequence: 16 givenname: Juha J surname: Saarinen fullname: Saarinen, Juha J – sequence: 17 givenname: Richard M surname: Sibly fullname: Sibly, Richard M – sequence: 18 givenname: Patrick R surname: Stephens fullname: Stephens, Patrick R – sequence: 19 givenname: Jessica surname: Theodor fullname: Theodor, Jessica – sequence: 20 givenname: Mark D surname: Uhen fullname: Uhen, Mark D
BackLink	https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21109666$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed
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Snippet	The extinction of dinosaurs at the Cretaceous/Paleogene (K/Pg) boundary was the seminal event that opened the door for the subsequent diversification of...
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SubjectTerms	Animals Atmosphere Biological Evolution Body Size Ecosystem Environment Extinction, Biological Fossils Geography Mammals - anatomy & histology Mammals - classification Mammals - growth & development Models, Biological Oxygen Phylogeny Temperature
Title	The evolution of maximum body size of terrestrial mammals
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