Social learning an introduction to mechanisms, methods, and models

Many animals, including humans, acquire valuable skills and knowledge by copying others. Scientists refer to this as social learning. It is one of the most exciting and rapidly developing areas of behavioral research and sits at the interface of many academic disciplines, including biology, experime...

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Bibliographische Detailangaben
Hauptverfasser:	Hoppitt, William, Laland, Kevin N
Format:	E-Book Buch
Sprache:	Englisch
Veröffentlicht:	Princeton Princeton University Press 2013
Ausgabe:	1
Schlagworte:	Addition Alternative hypothesis Animal culture Animals Behavior Biological Sciences Biology Biology- Nature Capuchin monkey Case study Causal graph Causality Chimpanzee Classical conditioning Coefficient Coevolution Confidence interval Conformity Copying Cultural evolution Cultural learning Culture Decision-making Ecology Ecology & Evolutionary Biology Estimation Ethology Evolution Evolution- Ps- Psvp- Psaj Evolutionary psychology Experiment Explanation Field experiment Field research Foraging General- Science Human subject research Imitation Inference Interaction Learning Learning in animals Learning in animals > Research > Methodology Life Sciences Likelihood function Linear regression Methodology Mirror neuron Model selection NATURE NATURE / Animals Null hypothesis Observation Observational learning Observational study Parameter Prediction Princeton University Press Probability Psychology Psychology, Comparative Psychology, Comparative > Research > Methodology Regression analysis Reinforcement Reinforcement learning Result SCIENCE SCIENCE / Life Sciences / Evolution SCIENCE / Life Sciences / Biology Shoaling and schooling Simulation Social behavior Social cue Social environment Social facilitation Social group Social influence Social learning Social learning (social pedagogy) Social learning > Research > Methodology Social learning theory Social relation Social science Statistical hypothesis testing Statistics Suggestion Survival analysis Trait theory Vocal learning Zoology Decision-making Ethology Vocal learning Social group Foraging Explanation Psychology Conformity Human subject research Field experiment Result Learning Suggestion Social behavior Alternative hypothesis Chimpanzee Reinforcement Behavior Culture Likelihood function Animal culture Observational study Addition Copying Experiment Estimation Interaction Social cue Prediction Inference Regression analysis Capuchin monkey Coevolution Case study Survival analysis Observational learning Shoaling and schooling Social science Imitation Social learning theory Observation Causality Social facilitation Social environment Social influence Methodology Evolutionary psychology Social learning (social pedagogy) Null hypothesis Mirror neuron Social relation Causal graph Evolution Coefficient Trait theory Model selection Linear regression Reinforcement learning Probability Field research Ecology Statistics Classical conditioning Confidence interval Cultural learning Simulation Princeton University Press Statistical hypothesis testing Parameter Cultural evolution
ISBN:	9780691150703, 9780691150710, 0691150702, 0691150710, 9781400846504, 1400846501
Online-Zugang:	Volltext
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Inhaltsangabe:

Social learning: an introduction to mechanisms, methods, and models -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Chapter 1: Introduction -- Chapter 2: A Brief History of Social Learning Research -- Chapter 3: Methods for Studying Social Learning in the Laboratory -- Chapter 4: Social Learning Mechanisms -- Chapter 5: Statistical Methods for Diffusion Data -- Chapter 6: Repertoire- Based Methods for Detecting and Quantifying Social Transmission -- Chapter 7: Developmental Methods for Studying Social Learning -- Chapter 8: Social Learning Strategies -- Chapter 9: Modeling Social Learning and Culture -- Chapter 10: Conclusions -- References -- Index.
Front Matter Table of Contents Acknowledgments Chapter 1: Introduction Chapter 2: A Brief History of Social Learning Research Chapter 3: Methods for Studying Social Learning in the Laboratory Chapter 4: Social Learning Mechanisms Chapter 5: Statistical Methods for Diffusion Data Chapter 6: Repertoire-Based Methods for Detecting and Quantifying Social Transmission Chapter 7: Developmental Methods for Studying Social Learning Chapter 8: Social Learning Strategies Chapter 9: Modeling Social Learning and Culture Chapter 10: Conclusions References Index
Cover Title Page, Copyright Contents Acknowledgments 1. Introduction 2. A Brief History of Social Learning Research 3. Methods for Studying Social Learning in the Laboratory 4. Social Learning Mechanisms 5. Statistical Methods for Diffusion Data 6. Repertoire-Based Methods for Detecting and Quantifying Social Transmission 7. Developmental Methods for Studying Social Learning 8. Social Learning Strategies 9. Modeling Social Learning and Culture 10. Conclusions References Index
Wave of advance models -- Other approaches for spatial data -- Summary -- 6 Repertoire-Based Methods for Detecting and Quantifying Social Transmission -- The Group-Contrasts Approach -- The Method of Exclusion -- Basic and advanced methods of exclusion -- Methods for assessing the genetic hypothesis -- Methods for assessing the ecological hypothesis -- Further problems with the method of exclusion -- A Model-Fitting Approach -- A matrix regression approach -- Examples -- A return to group comparisons -- A Causal Modeling Framework -- Relationship to the matrix regression approach -- Ruling out homophily -- Ruling out unknown ecological variables -- Relationship to the method of exclusion -- Conclusions -- 7 Developmental Methods for Studying Social Learning -- Observational Data -- Describing the developmental process -- Modeling probability of acquisition -- Modeling time of acquisition -- Modeling proficiency of trait performance -- Modeling option choice -- Limitations of observational data -- Experimental Manipulations -- Diffusion experiments -- Manipulation of social experience -- Translocation studies -- Conclusions -- 8 Social Learning Strategies -- Why Social Learning Is Strategic -- "When" Strategies -- Copy when established behavior is unproductive -- Copy when asocial learning is costly -- Copy when uncertain -- Copy when prior information is outdated -- Copy when dissatisfied -- Is copying a first or last resort? -- "Who" Strategies -- Frequency-dependent biases -- Success biases -- Kin and age biases -- "What" Strategies -- Random Copying -- Statistical Methods for Detecting Social Learning Strategies -- Meta-strategies, Best Strategies, and Hierarchical Control -- 9 Modeling Social Learning and Culture -- Introduction -- Why model? -- Operationalizing the culture concept -- Parallels between biological and cultural evolution
Theoretical Approaches to Social Learning and Cultural Evolution -- Population-genetic style models of cultural evolution -- Population-genetic style models of gene-culture coevolution -- Neutral models and random copying -- Social foraging theory -- Spatially explicit models -- Reaction-diffusion models -- Agent-based models -- Phylogenetic models -- Conclusions -- 10 Conclusions -- References -- Index
Cover -- Title -- Copyright -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- 1 Introduction -- What Is Social Learning? -- Social transmission -- Imitation -- Innovation -- Why Study Social Learning? -- Summary of the Book -- 2 A Brief History of Social Learning Research -- The Evolution of Mind -- Social Learning Mechanisms -- Animal "Culture" -- The Diffusion of Innovations -- Child Development -- Cultural Evolution -- Conclusions -- 3 Methods for Studying Social Learning in the Laboratory -- Traditional Social Learning Studies -- Alternative Experimental Approaches -- Transmission chain studies -- Diffusion studies -- Innovation -- The Biological Bases of Social Learning -- Neuroendocrinological studies -- Social learning of fear -- Neural mechanisms of observational learning -- Conclusions -- 4 Social Learning Mechanisms -- A Classification of Social Learning Mechanisms -- Stimulus enhancement -- Local enhancement -- Observational conditioning -- Response facilitation -- Social facilitation -- Imitation -- Observational R-S learning -- Emulation -- Opportunity providing -- (Inadvertent) coaching -- Distinguishing Social Learning Mechanisms -- Stimulus enhancement -- Local enhancement -- Observational conditioning -- Response facilitation -- Contextual imitation -- Production imitation -- Observational R-S learning -- Emulation -- Opportunity providing -- (Inadvertent) coaching -- A Pragmatic Approach to Characterizing Mechanisms of Social Transmission -- Teaching -- Summary -- 5 Statistical Methods for Diffusion Data -- Diffusion Curve Analysis -- Network-Based Diffusion Analysis (NBDA) -- Inclusion of individual-level variables -- Model selection and inference -- Modeling multiple diffusions -- Choosing a social network -- "Untransmitted" social effects -- Related methods -- Is NBDA realistic? -- Examples -- Spatial Spread of a Behavioral Trait
Chapter 8. Social Learning Strategies
Social Learning
Chapter 2. A Brief History of Social Learning Research
Chapter 6. Repertoire- Based Methods for Detecting and Quantifying Social Transmission
Index
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Chapter 9. Modeling Social Learning and Culture
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Chapter 5. Statistical Methods for Diffusion Data
Contents
Acknowledgments
Chapter 1. Introduction
Chapter 3. Methods for Studying Social Learning in the Laboratory
Chapter 4. Social Learning Mechanisms
Chapter 7. Developmental Methods for Studying Social Learning
Chapter 10. Conclusions
References
Frontmatter --