Electroceramics for High-Energy Density Capacitors: Current Status and Future Perspectives
Materials exhibiting high energy/power density are currently needed to meet the growing demand of portable electronics, electric vehicles and large-scale energy storage devices. The highest energy densities are achieved for fuel cells, batteries, and supercapacitors, but conventional dielectric capa...
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| Vydáno v: | Chemical reviews Ročník 121; číslo 10; s. 6124 |
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| Hlavní autoři: | , , , , , , , , , |
| Médium: | Journal Article |
| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Vydáno: |
United States
26.05.2021
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| ISSN: | 1520-6890, 1520-6890 |
| On-line přístup: | Zjistit podrobnosti o přístupu |
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| Abstract | Materials exhibiting high energy/power density are currently needed to meet the growing demand of portable electronics, electric vehicles and large-scale energy storage devices. The highest energy densities are achieved for fuel cells, batteries, and supercapacitors, but conventional dielectric capacitors are receiving increased attention for pulsed power applications due to their high power density and their fast charge-discharge speed. The key to high energy density in dielectric capacitors is a large maximum but small remanent (zero in the case of linear dielectrics) polarization and a high electric breakdown strength. Polymer dielectric capacitors offer high power/energy density for applications at room temperature, but above 100 °C they are unreliable and suffer from dielectric breakdown. For high-temperature applications, therefore, dielectric ceramics are the only feasible alternative. Lead-based ceramics such as La-doped lead zirconate titanate exhibit good energy storage properties, but their toxicity raises concern over their use in consumer applications, where capacitors are exclusively lead free. Lead-free compositions with superior power density are thus required. In this paper, we introduce the fundamental principles of energy storage in dielectrics. We discuss key factors to improve energy storage properties such as the control of local structure, phase assemblage, dielectric layer thickness, microstructure, conductivity, and electrical homogeneity through the choice of base systems, dopants, and alloying additions, followed by a comprehensive review of the state-of-the-art. Finally, we comment on the future requirements for new materials in high power/energy density capacitor applications. |
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| AbstractList | Materials exhibiting high energy/power density are currently needed to meet the growing demand of portable electronics, electric vehicles and large-scale energy storage devices. The highest energy densities are achieved for fuel cells, batteries, and supercapacitors, but conventional dielectric capacitors are receiving increased attention for pulsed power applications due to their high power density and their fast charge-discharge speed. The key to high energy density in dielectric capacitors is a large maximum but small remanent (zero in the case of linear dielectrics) polarization and a high electric breakdown strength. Polymer dielectric capacitors offer high power/energy density for applications at room temperature, but above 100 °C they are unreliable and suffer from dielectric breakdown. For high-temperature applications, therefore, dielectric ceramics are the only feasible alternative. Lead-based ceramics such as La-doped lead zirconate titanate exhibit good energy storage properties, but their toxicity raises concern over their use in consumer applications, where capacitors are exclusively lead free. Lead-free compositions with superior power density are thus required. In this paper, we introduce the fundamental principles of energy storage in dielectrics. We discuss key factors to improve energy storage properties such as the control of local structure, phase assemblage, dielectric layer thickness, microstructure, conductivity, and electrical homogeneity through the choice of base systems, dopants, and alloying additions, followed by a comprehensive review of the state-of-the-art. Finally, we comment on the future requirements for new materials in high power/energy density capacitor applications. Materials exhibiting high energy/power density are currently needed to meet the growing demand of portable electronics, electric vehicles and large-scale energy storage devices. The highest energy densities are achieved for fuel cells, batteries, and supercapacitors, but conventional dielectric capacitors are receiving increased attention for pulsed power applications due to their high power density and their fast charge-discharge speed. The key to high energy density in dielectric capacitors is a large maximum but small remanent (zero in the case of linear dielectrics) polarization and a high electric breakdown strength. Polymer dielectric capacitors offer high power/energy density for applications at room temperature, but above 100 °C they are unreliable and suffer from dielectric breakdown. For high-temperature applications, therefore, dielectric ceramics are the only feasible alternative. Lead-based ceramics such as La-doped lead zirconate titanate exhibit good energy storage properties, but their toxicity raises concern over their use in consumer applications, where capacitors are exclusively lead free. Lead-free compositions with superior power density are thus required. In this paper, we introduce the fundamental principles of energy storage in dielectrics. We discuss key factors to improve energy storage properties such as the control of local structure, phase assemblage, dielectric layer thickness, microstructure, conductivity, and electrical homogeneity through the choice of base systems, dopants, and alloying additions, followed by a comprehensive review of the state-of-the-art. Finally, we comment on the future requirements for new materials in high power/energy density capacitor applications.Materials exhibiting high energy/power density are currently needed to meet the growing demand of portable electronics, electric vehicles and large-scale energy storage devices. The highest energy densities are achieved for fuel cells, batteries, and supercapacitors, but conventional dielectric capacitors are receiving increased attention for pulsed power applications due to their high power density and their fast charge-discharge speed. The key to high energy density in dielectric capacitors is a large maximum but small remanent (zero in the case of linear dielectrics) polarization and a high electric breakdown strength. Polymer dielectric capacitors offer high power/energy density for applications at room temperature, but above 100 °C they are unreliable and suffer from dielectric breakdown. For high-temperature applications, therefore, dielectric ceramics are the only feasible alternative. Lead-based ceramics such as La-doped lead zirconate titanate exhibit good energy storage properties, but their toxicity raises concern over their use in consumer applications, where capacitors are exclusively lead free. Lead-free compositions with superior power density are thus required. In this paper, we introduce the fundamental principles of energy storage in dielectrics. We discuss key factors to improve energy storage properties such as the control of local structure, phase assemblage, dielectric layer thickness, microstructure, conductivity, and electrical homogeneity through the choice of base systems, dopants, and alloying additions, followed by a comprehensive review of the state-of-the-art. Finally, we comment on the future requirements for new materials in high power/energy density capacitor applications. |
| Author | Ji, Hongfen Wang, Dawei Wang, Ge Li, Linhao Feteira, Antonio Lu, Zhilun Li, Yong Reaney, Ian M Zhang, Shujun Zhou, Di |
| Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: Ge orcidid: 0000-0003-1842-8067 surname: Wang fullname: Wang, Ge organization: Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S1 3JD, U.K – sequence: 2 givenname: Zhilun surname: Lu fullname: Lu, Zhilun organization: The Henry Royce Institute, Sir Robert Hadfield Building, Sheffield S1 3JD, U.K – sequence: 3 givenname: Yong surname: Li fullname: Li, Yong organization: Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Ferroelectric-related New Energy Materials and Devices, School of Materials and Metallurgy, Inner Mongolia University of Science and Technology, Baotou 014010, China – sequence: 4 givenname: Linhao surname: Li fullname: Li, Linhao organization: Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S1 3JD, U.K – sequence: 5 givenname: Hongfen surname: Ji fullname: Ji, Hongfen organization: Laboratory of Thin Film Techniques and Optical Test, Xi'an Technological University, Xi'an 710032, China – sequence: 6 givenname: Antonio surname: Feteira fullname: Feteira, Antonio organization: Christian Doppler Laboratory for Advanced Ferroic Oxides, Sheffield Hallam University, Sheffield S1 1WB, U.K – sequence: 7 givenname: Di orcidid: 0000-0001-7411-4658 surname: Zhou fullname: Zhou, Di organization: Electronic Materials Research Lab, Key Lab of Education Ministry/International Center for Dielectric Research, School of Electronic and Information Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China – sequence: 8 givenname: Dawei orcidid: 0000-0001-6957-2494 surname: Wang fullname: Wang, Dawei organization: Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Electronic Materials, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China – sequence: 9 givenname: Shujun orcidid: 0000-0001-6139-6887 surname: Zhang fullname: Zhang, Shujun organization: Institute for Superconducting and Electronic Materials, Australian Institute for Innovative Materials, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW 2500, Australia – sequence: 10 givenname: Ian M orcidid: 0000-0003-3893-6544 surname: Reaney fullname: Reaney, Ian M organization: Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S1 3JD, U.K |
| BackLink | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33909415$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed |
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