Multimodal interactive handwritten text transcription
This book presents an interactive multimodal approach for efficient transcription of handwritten text images. This approach, rather than full automation, assists the expert in the recognition and transcription process.
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| Hlavní autoři: | , , |
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| Médium: | E-kniha |
| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Vydáno: |
Singapore
World Scientific Publishing Co. Pte. Ltd
2012
World Scientific Publishing Company WORLD SCIENTIFIC World Scientific Publishing World Scientific Pub |
| Vydání: | 1 |
| Edice: | Series in machine perception and artificial intelligence |
| Témata: | |
| ISBN: | 981439033X, 9789814390330, 9814390348, 9789814390347 |
| On-line přístup: | Získat plný text |
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Obsah:
- Multimodal interactive handwritten text transcription -- Preface -- Contents -- Chapter 1: Preliminaries -- Chapter 2: Corpora -- Chapter 3: Handwritten text recognition -- Chapter 4: Computer assisted transcription of handwritten text images -- Chapter 5: Multimodal computer assisted transcription of handwritten text images -- Chapter 6: A Web-based demonstrator of interactive multimodal transcription -- Chapter 7: Conclusions and outlook -- Appendix A: Symbols and acronyms -- Bibliography -- Index
- 4.9 Conclusions and Future Work -- 5. Multimodal Computer Assisted Transcription of Handwritten Text Images -- 5.1 Introduction -- 5.2 Formal Framework -- 5.3 Adapting the Language Model -- 5.4 Searching -- 5.5 Experimental Framework -- 5.5.1 Corpora -- 5.5.2 Assessment Measures -- 5.6 Results -- 5.7 Conclusions -- 6. A Web-based Demonstrator of Interactive Multimodal Transcription -- 6.1 Introduction -- 6.2 User Interaction Protocol -- 6.3 System Description -- 6.3.1 Application Programming Interface -- 6.3.2 MM-CATTI Server -- 6.3.3 Web Interface -- 6.3.4 Electronic Pen or Touchscreen Interaction -- 6.3.5 Keyboard and Mouse Interaction -- 6.4 Evaluation -- 6.4.1 Assessment Measures -- 6.4.2 Corpus -- 6.4.3 Participants -- 6.4.4 Apparatus -- 6.4.5 Procedure -- 6.4.6 Design -- 6.5 Results and Discussion -- 6.5.1 Quantitative Analysis -- 6.5.1.1 Analysis of Time -- 6.5.1.2 Analysis of rWER -- 6.5.1.3 Analysis of WSR -- 6.5.2 Qualitative Analysis -- 6.5.3 Correlation Analysis -- 6.5.3.1 Correlation between trials -- 6.5.3.2 Correlation between metrics -- 6.5.4 Limitations of the Study -- 6.6 Conclusions -- 7. Conclusions and Outlook -- 7.1 Conclusions -- 7.2 Outlook -- Acknowledgements -- Appendix A Symbols and Acronyms -- A.1 Symbols -- A.2 Acronyms -- Bibliography -- Index
- Intro -- Contents -- Preface -- 1. Preliminaries -- 1.1 Introduction -- 1.2 State of the Art -- 1.2.1 Optical Character Recognition -- 1.2.2 Handwritten Text Recognition -- 1.3 Formal Background -- 1.3.1 Hidden Markov Models -- Continuous HMM -- Basic algorithms for HMMs -- The Decoding Problem and the Viterbi Algorithm -- The Learning Problem and the Baum-Welch Algorithm -- 1.3.2 Language models: N-grams -- n-grams modelled by a stochastic finite state automaton -- 1.3.3 Interactive Pattern Recognition -- 1.3.4 Word-graphs -- 1.4 Assessing Computer Assisted Transcription of Handwritten Text Images -- 2. Corpora -- 2.1 Introduction -- 2.2 CS -- 2.3 ODEC -- 2.4 IAMDB -- 2.5 UNIPEN -- 3. Handwritten Text Recognition -- 3.1 Introduction -- 3.2 Off-line Handwritten Text Recognition -- 3.2.1 Preprocessing -- 3.2.2 Feature Extraction -- 3.2.3 Recognition -- 3.2.4 Experimental Framework -- 3.2.5 Meta-parameter Adjustment Experiments -- 3.2.6 Discussion of Results -- 3.3 On-line Handwritten Text Recognition -- 3.3.1 Preprocessing -- 3.3.2 Feature Extraction -- 3.3.3 Recognition -- 3.3.4 Experimental Framework -- 3.3.5 Results -- 3.4 Summary and Conclusions -- 4. Computer Assisted Transcription of Handwritten Text Images -- 4.1 Introduction -- 4.2 Formal Framework -- 4.3 Adapting the Language Model -- 4.4 Searching -- 4.4.1 Direct Viterbi-based Approach -- 4.4.2 Word-graph based Approach -- 4.4.2.1 Error-correction parsing -- 4.5 Increasing Interaction Ergonomy -- 4.5.1 Language Modelling and Search -- 4.6 Interacting at the Character Level -- 4.6.1 Language Modelling and Search -- 4.7 Experimental Framework -- 4.7.1 Assessment Measures -- 4.7.2 Parameters and Meta-Parameters -- 4.8 Results -- Direct Viterbi-based approach -- Word-graph based approach -- Using Pointer Actions in the CATTI interaction process (PA- CATTI) -- CATTI at the character level