Light and Video Microscopy
Light and Video Microscopy, Third Edition provides a step-by-step journey through philosophy, psychology and the geometrical and physical optics involved in interpreting images formed by light microscopes. The book addresses the intricacies necessary to set up light microscopes that allow one to vis...
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| Main Author: | |
|---|---|
| Format: | eBook |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Chantilly
Elsevier Science & Technology
2019
Academic Press |
| Edition: | 3 |
| Subjects: | |
| ISBN: | 9780128165010, 0128165014 |
| Online Access: | Get full text |
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Table of Contents:
- Use of Compensators to Determine the Magnitude and Sign of Birefringence -- Pleochroism -- Crystalline Versus Form Birefringence -- Orthoscopic Versus Conoscopic Observations -- Reflected Light Polarization Microscopy -- Uses of Polarization Microscopy -- Optical Rotatory (or Rotary) Polarization and Optical Rotatory (or Rotary) Dispersion -- Addendum 1: The Fresnel Equations and Brewster's Angle -- Addendum 2: Using the Jones Calculus to Represent Polarized Light and Optical Elements -- Web Resources -- Polarized Light -- Polarized Light Microscopy -- Polarized Light and Art -- Kaleidoscopes -- Photographs of Bees -- Chapter 10: Interference Microscopy -- Generation of Interference Colors -- The Relationship of Interference Microscopy to Phase-Contrast Microscopy -- Quantitative Interference Microscopy: Determination of the Refractive Index, Mass, Concentration of Dry Matter, Concentrati ... -- Source of Errors When Using an Interference Microscope -- Making a Coherent Reference Beam -- Double-Beam Versus Multiple-Beam Interference -- Interference Microscopes Based on a Mach-Zehnder Type Interferometer -- Interference Microscopes Based on Polarized Light -- The Use of Transmission Interference Microscopy in Biology -- Reflection-Interference Microscopy -- Uses of Reflection-Interference Microscopy in Biology -- Web Resources -- Colors of Nature -- Addendum on Location of Phase Change Determined With Fresnel's Equations -- Young's Treatment of Reflection -- The Plane of Incidence and the Plane of Polarization -- The Displacement-Curl of the Displacement Method to Determine the Location of a Phase Change for Any Transverse Wave Reflec ... -- Fresnel's (1823) Original Treatment of Vibrations of an Elastic Ether Perpendicular to the Plane of Incidence -- Fresnel's Original Treatment of Vibrations of an Elastic Ether Parallel to the Plane of Incidence
- Observation of Images and Fraunhöfer Diffraction Patterns of Slits and Grids
- The Ethics of Digital Image Processing -- Web Resources -- Commercial Digital Image Processors -- Open Source Software -- Helpful Web Sites on Digital Image Processing -- Ethics of Digital Image Processing -- Free Publications -- Chapter 15: Various Types of Microscopes and Accessories -- Confocal Microscopes -- Multiphoton Confocal Scanning Microscopy -- Raman Scattering Confocal Scanning Microscopy -- Stimulated Emission Depletion Confocal Scanning Microscopy -- Fluorescence Resonance Energy Transfer -- Fluorescence Redistribution After Photobleaching -- Laser Microbeam Microscope -- Optical Tweezers -- Laser Capture Microdissection -- Laser Doppler Microscope -- Centrifuge Microscope -- X-Ray Microscope -- Infrared Microscope -- Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Imaging Microscope -- Stereo Microscopes -- Scanning Probe Microscopes -- Acoustic Microscope -- Horizontal and Traveling Microscopes -- Microscopes for Children -- Microscope Accessories -- Web Resources -- Confocal Microscopy -- Raman Spectroscopy -- Laser Capture Microdissection -- X-Ray Microscopes -- Scanning Probe Microscopes -- Acoustic Microscopes -- Accessories -- Chapter 16: Laboratory Exercises -- Laboratory 1: The Nature of Light and Geometric Optics -- The Spectral Composition of Light: The Decomposition and Recombination of White Light -- Light Travels in Straight Lines -- Demonstration of the Inverse Square Law -- Geometrical Optics: Reflection -- Geometrical Optics: Refraction -- Measure the Critical Angle of Reflection -- Refraction Through Lenses -- Measure the Refractive Index of a Liquid -- Laboratory 2: Physical Optics -- Observation of the Diffraction Patterns of Opaque Rectangles -- Observation of Diffraction Patterns of Objects of Various Shapes -- The Effect of Slit Width on the Diffraction Pattern
- Setting Up the Microscope for Photomicrography -- Scientific History of Photography -- General Nature of the Photographic Process -- The Resolution of the Film -- Exposure and Composition -- The Similarities Between Film and the Retina -- Web Resources -- Photomicrography -- Camera Lucida -- Mounting and Using a Nikon Coolpix 5000 -- AMSCOPE Digital Cameras -- Cell Phone Camera and Microscopy -- Color Vision -- UV-VIS-IR Photography of Flowers -- Multispectral UV-VIS-IR Apochromatic Lenses -- Chapter 6: Methods of Generating Contrast -- Dark-Field Microscopy -- Rheinberg Illumination -- Oblique Illumination -- Phase-Contrast Microscopy -- Oblique Illumination Reconsidered -- Annular Illumination -- Web Resources -- Rheinberg Illumination -- Chapter 7: Fluorescence Microscopy -- Discovery of Fluorescence -- Physics of Fluorescence -- Design of a Fluorescence Microscope -- Total Internal Reflectance Fluorescence Microscopy -- Fluorescent Probes -- Pitfalls and Cures in Fluorescence Microscopy -- Web Resources -- Fluorescent Microscopy -- Fluorescent Quinine Fountain -- Fluorescent Dyes -- Interference Filters -- Chapter 8: Superresolution -- Structured Illumination Microscopy -- Single Molecule Localization Microscopy (SMLM): Photoactivated Localization Microscopy and Stochastic Optical Reconstructio ... -- Light Sheet Microscopy and Lattice Sheet Microscopy -- Web Resources -- Structured Illumination Microscopy -- Single Molecule Localization Microscopy -- Chapter 9: Polarization Microscopy -- What Is Polarized Light? -- Use an Analyzer to Test for Polarized Light -- Production of Polarized Light -- Influencing Light -- Design of a Polarizing Microscope -- What Is the Molecular Basis of Birefringence? -- Interference of Polarized Light -- The Origin of Colors in Birefringent Specimens
- MacCullagh's Treatment of Vibrations of an Elastic Ether Perpendicular and Parallel to the Plane of Incidence -- The Electromagnetic Approach to the Reflection of Light From an Interface -- Lorentz's Treatment of Vibrations of the Electromagnetic Field Perpendicular to the Plane of Incidence -- Lorentz's Treatment of Vibrations of the Electromagnetic Field Parallel to the Plane of Incidence -- Using the Displacement-Curl of the Displacement Method to Find the Location of the Phase Change When the Electromagnetic Fi ... -- The Reflection of Waves Along Two Attached Strings -- Chapter 11: Differential Interference Contrast (DIC) Microscopy -- Design of a Transmitted Light Differential Interference Contrast Microscope -- Interpretation of a Transmitted Light Differential Interference Contrast Image -- Design of a Reflected Light Differential Interference Contrast Microscope -- Interpretation of a Reflected Light Differential Interference Contrast Image -- Chapter 12: Amplitude Modulation Contrast Microscopy -- Hoffman Modulation Contrast Microscopy -- Reflected Light Hoffman Modulation Contrast Microscopy -- The Single-Sideband Edge Enhancement Microscope -- Chapter 13: Video and Digital Microscopy -- The Value of Video and Digital Microscopy -- Video and Digital Cameras: The Optical-to-Electrical Signal Converters -- Monitors: Conversion of an Electronic Signal Into an Optical Signal -- Storage of Video and Digital Images -- Connecting a Video System -- Web Resources -- Video and Digital Cameras -- Optical Couplers for Mounting Digital Cameras on Microscopes -- Monitors -- Chapter 14: Image Processing and Analysis -- Analog Image Processing -- Digital Image Processing -- Enhancement Functions of Digital Image Processors -- Analysis Functions of Digital Image Processors -- ToupView Digital Image Processing Software
- Front Cover -- Light and Video Microscopy -- Copyright -- Dedication -- Contents -- Preface to the First Edition -- Preface to the Second Edition -- Microscope -- Preface to the Third Edition -- Chapter 1: The Relation Between the Object and the Image -- Luminous and Nonluminous Objects -- Object and Image -- Theories of Vision -- Light Travels in Straight Lines -- Images Formed in a Camera Obscura: Geometric Considerations -- Where Does Light Come From? -- How Can the Amount of Light Be Measured? -- Web Resources -- Anamorphosis in Art -- Optical Illusions -- Camouflage and Mimicry in Nature -- Shadow Art and Dance -- Camera Obscura -- Chapter 2: The Geometric Relationship Between Object and Image -- Reflection by a Plane Mirror -- Reflection by a Curved Mirror -- Reflection From Various Sources -- Images Formed by Refraction at a Plane Surface -- Images Formed by Refraction at a Curved Surface -- Fermat's Principle -- Optical Path Length -- Lens Aberrations -- Geometric Optics and Biology -- Geometric Optics of the Human Eye -- Web Resources -- Camera Lucida -- Kaleidoscopes -- Art -- Chapter 3: The Dependence of Image Formation on the Nature of Light -- Christiaan Huygens and the Invention of the Wave Theory of Light -- Thomas Young and the Development of the Wave Theory of Light -- James Clerk Maxwell and the Wave Theory of Light -- Ernst Abbe and the Relationship of Diffraction to Image Formation -- Resolving Power and the Limit of Resolution -- Contrast -- Web Resources -- Physical Optics and Waves -- Chapter 4: Bright-Field Microscopy -- Components of the Microscope -- The Optical Paths of the Light Microscope -- Using the Bright-Field Microscope -- Depth of Field -- Out-of-Focus Contrast -- Uses of Bright-Field Microscopy -- Care and Cleaning of the Light Microscope -- Web Resources -- Chapter 5: Photomicrography