Coordination-Driven Self-Assembled Metallacycles Incorporating Pyrene: Fluorescence Mutability, Tunability, and Aromatic Amine Sensing
Constructing polycyclic aromatics-based, highly emissive fluorophores with good solubility and tunable aggregated structures and properties is of great importance for film fabrication, solution processing, and relevant functionality studies. Herein, we describe a general strategy to endow convention...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Journal of the American Chemical Society Jg. 141; H. 4; S. 1757 |
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30.01.2019
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| Abstract | Constructing polycyclic aromatics-based, highly emissive fluorophores with good solubility and tunable aggregated structures and properties is of great importance for film fabrication, solution processing, and relevant functionality studies. Herein, we describe a general strategy to endow conventional organic fluorophores with enhanced solubility and modulated fluorescent properties via their incorporation into coordination-driven self-assembled metallacycles. A widely used fluorophore, pyrene, was decorated with two pyridyl groups to yield functionalized pyrene 4. Mixing 4 with three aromatic dicarboxylates with different lengths and a 90° Pt(II) metal acceptor in a 2:2:4 stoichiometric ratio resulted in the formation of three metallacycles, 1, 2, and 3. The metallacycles display good solubility in polar organic solvents, highly aggregation-dependent fluorescence, and size-dependent emissions at higher concentrations. Moreover, metallacycle 2-based, silica-gel-supported film as fabricated not only is more emissive than the ligand 4-based one but also displays much improved sensing properties for amines in the vapor state, as demonstrated by significantly increased response speed and decreased recovery time. The enhanced solubility, unique fluorescence behavior, and multi-factor modulation character show that coordination-driven self-assembly can be utilized for the development of new fluorophores through simple modification of conventional fluorophores. The fluorophores synthesized this way possess not only complex topological structures but also good modularity and tunability in fluorescence behavior, which are important for grafting multi-stage energy-transfer systems necessary for the development of high-performance sensing materials. |
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| AbstractList | Constructing polycyclic aromatics-based, highly emissive fluorophores with good solubility and tunable aggregated structures and properties is of great importance for film fabrication, solution processing, and relevant functionality studies. Herein, we describe a general strategy to endow conventional organic fluorophores with enhanced solubility and modulated fluorescent properties via their incorporation into coordination-driven self-assembled metallacycles. A widely used fluorophore, pyrene, was decorated with two pyridyl groups to yield functionalized pyrene 4. Mixing 4 with three aromatic dicarboxylates with different lengths and a 90° Pt(II) metal acceptor in a 2:2:4 stoichiometric ratio resulted in the formation of three metallacycles, 1, 2, and 3. The metallacycles display good solubility in polar organic solvents, highly aggregation-dependent fluorescence, and size-dependent emissions at higher concentrations. Moreover, metallacycle 2-based, silica-gel-supported film as fabricated not only is more emissive than the ligand 4-based one but also displays much improved sensing properties for amines in the vapor state, as demonstrated by significantly increased response speed and decreased recovery time. The enhanced solubility, unique fluorescence behavior, and multi-factor modulation character show that coordination-driven self-assembly can be utilized for the development of new fluorophores through simple modification of conventional fluorophores. The fluorophores synthesized this way possess not only complex topological structures but also good modularity and tunability in fluorescence behavior, which are important for grafting multi-stage energy-transfer systems necessary for the development of high-performance sensing materials.Constructing polycyclic aromatics-based, highly emissive fluorophores with good solubility and tunable aggregated structures and properties is of great importance for film fabrication, solution processing, and relevant functionality studies. Herein, we describe a general strategy to endow conventional organic fluorophores with enhanced solubility and modulated fluorescent properties via their incorporation into coordination-driven self-assembled metallacycles. A widely used fluorophore, pyrene, was decorated with two pyridyl groups to yield functionalized pyrene 4. Mixing 4 with three aromatic dicarboxylates with different lengths and a 90° Pt(II) metal acceptor in a 2:2:4 stoichiometric ratio resulted in the formation of three metallacycles, 1, 2, and 3. The metallacycles display good solubility in polar organic solvents, highly aggregation-dependent fluorescence, and size-dependent emissions at higher concentrations. Moreover, metallacycle 2-based, silica-gel-supported film as fabricated not only is more emissive than the ligand 4-based one but also displays much improved sensing properties for amines in the vapor state, as demonstrated by significantly increased response speed and decreased recovery time. The enhanced solubility, unique fluorescence behavior, and multi-factor modulation character show that coordination-driven self-assembly can be utilized for the development of new fluorophores through simple modification of conventional fluorophores. The fluorophores synthesized this way possess not only complex topological structures but also good modularity and tunability in fluorescence behavior, which are important for grafting multi-stage energy-transfer systems necessary for the development of high-performance sensing materials. Constructing polycyclic aromatics-based, highly emissive fluorophores with good solubility and tunable aggregated structures and properties is of great importance for film fabrication, solution processing, and relevant functionality studies. Herein, we describe a general strategy to endow conventional organic fluorophores with enhanced solubility and modulated fluorescent properties via their incorporation into coordination-driven self-assembled metallacycles. A widely used fluorophore, pyrene, was decorated with two pyridyl groups to yield functionalized pyrene 4. Mixing 4 with three aromatic dicarboxylates with different lengths and a 90° Pt(II) metal acceptor in a 2:2:4 stoichiometric ratio resulted in the formation of three metallacycles, 1, 2, and 3. The metallacycles display good solubility in polar organic solvents, highly aggregation-dependent fluorescence, and size-dependent emissions at higher concentrations. Moreover, metallacycle 2-based, silica-gel-supported film as fabricated not only is more emissive than the ligand 4-based one but also displays much improved sensing properties for amines in the vapor state, as demonstrated by significantly increased response speed and decreased recovery time. The enhanced solubility, unique fluorescence behavior, and multi-factor modulation character show that coordination-driven self-assembly can be utilized for the development of new fluorophores through simple modification of conventional fluorophores. The fluorophores synthesized this way possess not only complex topological structures but also good modularity and tunability in fluorescence behavior, which are important for grafting multi-stage energy-transfer systems necessary for the development of high-performance sensing materials. |
| Author | Li, Zhong-Yu Qi, Yanyu Cao, Liping Stang, Peter J Chang, Xingmao Shang, Congdi Fang, Yu Zhou, Zhixuan Wang, Gang Li, Xiaopeng Wang, Heng Wang, Zhaolong |
| Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: Xingmao surname: Chang fullname: Chang, Xingmao organization: Department of Chemistry , University of Utah , 315 South 1400 East, Room 2020 , Salt Lake City , Utah 84112 , United States – sequence: 2 givenname: Zhixuan orcidid: 0000-0001-8295-5860 surname: Zhou fullname: Zhou, Zhixuan organization: Department of Chemistry , University of Utah , 315 South 1400 East, Room 2020 , Salt Lake City , Utah 84112 , United States – sequence: 3 givenname: Congdi surname: Shang fullname: Shang, Congdi organization: Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry (Ministry of Education), School of Materials Science and Engineering and School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Shaanxi Normal University , Xi'an 710119 , P. R. China – sequence: 4 givenname: Gang surname: Wang fullname: Wang, Gang organization: Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry (Ministry of Education), School of Materials Science and Engineering and School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Shaanxi Normal University , Xi'an 710119 , P. R. China – sequence: 5 givenname: Zhaolong surname: Wang fullname: Wang, Zhaolong organization: Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry (Ministry of Education), School of Materials Science and Engineering and School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Shaanxi Normal University , Xi'an 710119 , P. R. China – sequence: 6 givenname: Yanyu surname: Qi fullname: Qi, Yanyu organization: Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry (Ministry of Education), School of Materials Science and Engineering and School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Shaanxi Normal University , Xi'an 710119 , P. R. China – sequence: 7 givenname: Zhong-Yu surname: Li fullname: Li, Zhong-Yu organization: Department of Chemistry , University of Utah , 315 South 1400 East, Room 2020 , Salt Lake City , Utah 84112 , United States – sequence: 8 givenname: Heng surname: Wang fullname: Wang, Heng organization: Department of Chemistry , University of South Florida , 4202 East Fowler Avenue , Tampa , Florida 33620 , United States – sequence: 9 givenname: Liping orcidid: 0000-0002-1747-6107 surname: Cao fullname: Cao, Liping organization: Department of Chemistry , University of Utah , 315 South 1400 East, Room 2020 , Salt Lake City , Utah 84112 , United States – sequence: 10 givenname: Xiaopeng orcidid: 0000-0001-9655-9551 surname: Li fullname: Li, Xiaopeng organization: Department of Chemistry , University of South Florida , 4202 East Fowler Avenue , Tampa , Florida 33620 , United States – sequence: 11 givenname: Yu orcidid: 0000-0001-8490-8080 surname: Fang fullname: Fang, Yu organization: Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry (Ministry of Education), School of Materials Science and Engineering and School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Shaanxi Normal University , Xi'an 710119 , P. R. China – sequence: 12 givenname: Peter J orcidid: 0000-0002-2307-0576 surname: Stang fullname: Stang, Peter J organization: Department of Chemistry , University of Utah , 315 South 1400 East, Room 2020 , Salt Lake City , Utah 84112 , United States |
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| SubjectTerms | Amines - analysis Amines - chemistry Models, Molecular Molecular Conformation Photochemical Processes Pyrenes - chemistry Spectrometry, Fluorescence - instrumentation |
| Title | Coordination-Driven Self-Assembled Metallacycles Incorporating Pyrene: Fluorescence Mutability, Tunability, and Aromatic Amine Sensing |
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