Beyond the 'east-west' dichotomy: Global variation in cultural models of selfhood

Markus and Kitayama's (1991) theory of independent and interdependent self-construals had a major influence on social, personality, and developmental psychology by highlighting the role of culture in psychological processes. However, research has relied excessively on contrasts between North Am...

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Vydané v:Journal of experimental psychology. General Ročník 145; číslo 8; s. 966
Hlavní autori: Vignoles, Vivian L, Owe, Ellinor, Becker, Maja, Smith, Peter B, Easterbrook, Matthew J, Brown, Rupert, González, Roberto, Didier, Nicolas, Carrasco, Diego, Cadena, Maria Paz, Lay, Siugmin, Schwartz, Seth J, Des Rosiers, Sabrina E, Villamar, Juan A, Gavreliuc, Alin, Zinkeng, Martina, Kreuzbauer, Robert, Baguma, Peter, Martin, Mariana, Tatarko, Alexander, Herman, Ginette, de Sauvage, Isabelle, Courtois, Marie, Garðarsdóttir, Ragna B, Harb, Charles, Schweiger Gallo, Inge, Prieto Gil, Paula, Lorente Clemares, Raquel, Campara, Gabriella, Nizharadze, George, Macapagal, Ma Elizabeth J, Jalal, Baland, Bourguignon, David, Zhang, Jianxin, Lv, Shaobo, Chybicka, Aneta, Yuki, Masaki, Zhang, Xiao, Espinosa, Agustín, Valk, Aune, Abuhamdeh, Sami, Amponsah, Benjamin, Özgen, Emre, Güner, E Ülkü, Yamakoğlu, Nil, Chobthamkit, Phatthanakit, Pyszczynski, Tom, Kesebir, Pelin, Vargas Trujillo, Elvia, Balanta, Paola, Cendales Ayala, Boris, Koller, Silvia H, Jaafar, Jas Laile, Gausel, Nicolay, Fischer, Ronald, Milfont, Taciano L, Kusdil, Ersin, Çağlar, Selinay, Aldhafri, Said, Ferreira, M Cristina, Mekonnen, Kassahun Habtamu, Wang, Qian, Fülöp, Márta, Torres, Ana, Camino, Leoncio, Lemos, Flávia Cristina Silveira, Fritsche, Immo, Möller, Bettina, Regalia, Camillo, Manzi, Claudia, Brambilla, Maria, Bond, Michael Harris
Médium: Journal Article
Jazyk:English
Vydavateľské údaje: United States 01.08.2016
Predmet:
Adolescent
Cross-Cultural Comparison
Culture
Female
Humans
Individuality
Male
Personality
Self Concept
Students - psychology
Young Adult
ISSN:1939-2222, 1939-2222
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Shrnutí:Markus and Kitayama's (1991) theory of independent and interdependent self-construals had a major influence on social, personality, and developmental psychology by highlighting the role of culture in psychological processes. However, research has relied excessively on contrasts between North American and East Asian samples, and commonly used self-report measures of independence and interdependence frequently fail to show predicted cultural differences. We revisited the conceptualization and measurement of independent and interdependent self-construals in 2 large-scale multinational surveys, using improved methods for cross-cultural research. We developed (Study 1: N = 2924 students in 16 nations) and validated across cultures (Study 2: N = 7279 adults from 55 cultural groups in 33 nations) a new 7-dimensional model of self-reported ways of being independent or interdependent. Patterns of global variation support some of Markus and Kitayama's predictions, but a simple contrast between independence and interdependence does not adequately capture the diverse models of selfhood that prevail in different world regions. Cultural groups emphasize different ways of being both independent and interdependent, depending on individualism-collectivism, national socioeconomic development, and religious heritage. Our 7-dimensional model will allow future researchers to test more accurately the implications of cultural models of selfhood for psychological processes in diverse ecocultural contexts. (PsycINFO Database Record
Bibliografia:ObjectType-Article-1
SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1
ObjectType-Feature-2
content type line 23
ISSN:1939-2222
1939-2222
DOI:10.1037/xge0000175