Hyperspectral indices for detecting changes in canopy reflectance as a result of underground natural gas leakage

Natural gas leakage from underground pipelines is known to affect vegetation adversely, probably by displacement of the soil oxygen needed for respiration. This causes changes in plant and canopy reflectance, which may serve as indicators of gas leakage. In this study, a covariance analysis was perf...

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Vydané v:	International journal of remote sensing Ročník 29; číslo 20; s. 5987 - 6008
Hlavní autori:	Noomen, M. F., Smith, K. L., Colls, J. J., Steven, M. D., Skidmore, A. K., Van Der Meer, F. D.
Médium:	Journal Article
Jazyk:	English
Vydavateľské údaje:	Abingdon Taylor & Francis 20.10.2008
Predmet:	Animal, plant and microbial ecology Applied geophysics Biological and medical sciences chlorophyll content Earth sciences Earth, ocean, space Exact sciences and technology Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology General aspects. Techniques Internal geophysics leaf pigment content leaves plant stress precision agriculture red-edge spectral reflectance Teledetection and vegetation maps Triticum aestivum vegetation indexes water index wheat genotypes Zea mays Monocotyledones Change detection simulation standardization vegetation respiration pipelines Shortage Gramineae Angiospermae displacements soils Species Zea mays remote sensing concentration indicators natural gas correlation Water pipe Hyperspectral characteristic covariance analysis Spermatophyta Triticum aestivum Canopy(vegetation) Reflectance leakage
ISSN:	0143-1161, 1366-5901
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Abstract	Natural gas leakage from underground pipelines is known to affect vegetation adversely, probably by displacement of the soil oxygen needed for respiration. This causes changes in plant and canopy reflectance, which may serve as indicators of gas leakage. In this study, a covariance analysis was performed between reflectance indices of maize (Zea mays) and wheat (Triticum aestivum) canopies and oxygen concentrations in a simulated natural gas leak. Twenty-nine days after oxygen shortage occurred, the reflectance indices had the highest correlation with oxygen concentrations in the soil, for both species. The effect was consistent within species but the absolute values varied between the species. Normalization by adding a constant value to the control index of one species resulted in significant linear regression models for several indices. The indices with the highest regression coefficients were used to predict the oxygen concentration in the soil. This showed that the gas leakage caused reflectance changes up to 0.5 m from the source. As it could not be proven that oxygen shortage was the cause of the reflectance changes, further work is needed to study the side-effects of gas leakage, such as bacterial oxygen depletion, on plant growth and reflectance.
AbstractList	Natural gas leakage from underground pipelines is known to affect vegetation adversely, probably by displacement of the soil oxygen needed for respiration. This causes changes in plant and canopy reflectance, which may serve as indicators of gas leakage. In this study, a covariance analysis was performed between reflectance indices of maize (Zea mays) and wheat (Triticum aestivum) canopies and oxygen concentrations in a simulated natural gas leak. Twenty-nine days after oxygen shortage occurred, the reflectance indices had the highest correlation with oxygen concentrations in the soil, for both species. The effect was consistent within species but the absolute values varied between the species. Normalization by adding a constant value to the control index of one species resulted in significant linear regression models for several indices. The indices with the highest regression coefficients were used to predict the oxygen concentration in the soil. This showed that the gas leakage caused reflectance changes up to 0.5 m from the source. As it could not be proven that oxygen shortage was the cause of the reflectance changes, further work is needed to study the side-effects of gas leakage, such as bacterial oxygen depletion, on plant growth and reflectance. Natural gas leakage from underground pipelines is known to affect vegetation adversely, probably by displacement of the soil oxygen needed for respiration. This causes changes in plant and canopy reflectance, which may serve as indicators of gas leakage. In this study, a covariance analysis was performed between reflectance indices of maize (Zea mays) and wheat (Triticum aestivum) canopies and oxygen concentrations in a simulated natural gas leak. Twenty-nine days after oxygen shortage occurred, the reflectance indices had the highest correlation with oxygen concentrations in the soil, for both species. The effect was consistent within species but the absolute values varied between the species. Normalization by adding a constant value to the control index of one species resulted in significant linear regression models for several indices. The indices with the highest regression coefficients were used to predict the oxygen concentration in the soil. This showed that the gas leakage caused reflectance changes up to 0.5m from the source. As it could not be proven that oxygen shortage was the cause of the reflectance changes, further work is needed to study the side-effects of gas leakage, such as bacterial oxygen depletion, on plant growth and reflectance. Natural gas leakage from underground pipelines is known to affect vegetation adversely, probably by displacement of the soil oxygen needed for respiration. This causes changes in plant and canopy reflectance, which may serve as indicators of gas leakage. In this study, a covariance analysis was performed between reflectance indices of maize (Zea mays) and wheat (Triticum aestivum) canopies and oxygen concentrations in a simulated natural gas leak. Twenty-nine days after oxygen shortage occurred, the reflectance indices had the highest correlation with oxygen concentrations in the soil, for both species. The effect was consistent within species but the absolute values varied between the species. Normalization by adding a constant value to the control index of one species resulted in significant linear regression models for several indices. The indices with the highest regression coefficients were used to predict the oxygen concentration in the soil. This showed that the gas leakage caused reflectance changes up to 0.5 m from the source. As it could not be proven that oxygen shortage was the cause of the reflectance changes, further work is needed to study the side-effects of gas leakage, such as bacterial oxygen depletion, on plant growth and reflectance.
Author	Smith, K. L. Noomen, M. F. Colls, J. J. Van Der Meer, F. D. Steven, M. D. Skidmore, A. K.
Author_xml	– sequence: 1 givenname: M. F. surname: Noomen fullname: Noomen, M. F. email: marleen.noomen@tno.nl organization: International Institute for Geoinformation Science and Earth Observation (ITC) – sequence: 2 givenname: K. L. surname: Smith fullname: Smith, K. L. organization: Division of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences , School of Biosciences , University of Nottingham – sequence: 3 givenname: J. J. surname: Colls fullname: Colls, J. J. organization: Division of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences , School of Biosciences , University of Nottingham – sequence: 4 givenname: M. D. surname: Steven fullname: Steven, M. D. organization: School of Geography , University of Nottingham – sequence: 5 givenname: A. K. surname: Skidmore fullname: Skidmore, A. K. organization: International Institute for Geoinformation Science and Earth Observation (ITC) – sequence: 6 givenname: F. D. surname: Van Der Meer fullname: Van Der Meer, F. D. organization: International Institute for Geoinformation Science and Earth Observation (ITC)
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Keywords	Monocotyledones Change detection simulation standardization vegetation respiration pipelines Shortage Gramineae Angiospermae displacements soils Species Zea mays remote sensing concentration indicators natural gas correlation Water pipe Hyperspectral characteristic covariance analysis Spermatophyta Triticum aestivum Canopy(vegetation) Reflectance leakage
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SubjectTerms	Animal, plant and microbial ecology Applied geophysics Biological and medical sciences chlorophyll content Earth sciences Earth, ocean, space Exact sciences and technology Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology General aspects. Techniques Internal geophysics leaf pigment content leaves plant stress precision agriculture red-edge spectral reflectance Teledetection and vegetation maps Triticum aestivum vegetation indexes water index wheat genotypes Zea mays
Title	Hyperspectral indices for detecting changes in canopy reflectance as a result of underground natural gas leakage
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Volume	29
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