Ocean temperature variability for the past 60 years on the Norwegian-Svalbard margin influences gas hydrate stability on human time scales

The potential impact of future climate change on methane release from oceanic gas hydrates is the subject of much debate. We analyzed World Ocean Database quality controlled data on the Norwegian‐Svalbard continental margin from the past 60 years to evaluate the potential effect of ocean temperature...

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Veröffentlicht in:Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans Jg. 117; H. C10
Hauptverfasser: Ferré, Bénédicte, Mienert, Jürgen, Feseker, Tomas
Format: Journal Article
Sprache:Englisch
Veröffentlicht: Washington, DC Blackwell Publishing Ltd 01.10.2012
American Geophysical Union
Schlagworte:
Bottom water
Climate change
Continental margins
Continental slope
Cooling
Deep water
Earth
Earth sciences
Earth, ocean, space
El Nino
Exact sciences and technology
gas hydrate
Gas hydrates
Geophysics
Hydrates
Marine
Marine geology
Methane
Norwegian Arctic
Norwegian margin
Ocean temperature
Oceanography
Oceans
Physical oceanography
Shallow water
Surface water
Water column
Water temperature
Barents Sea
Norway
Arctic region
Europe
Arctic Ocean
polar regions
Svalbard
Pacific Ocean
Scandinavia
PNE, Barents Sea
PNE, Norway, Svalbard, Spitsbergen, Prins Karls Forland
AN, North Atlantic, North Atlantic Oscillation
continental slope
world ocean
reservoirs
Deep water
variability
Shallow water
offshore
quality
surface water
bottom water
North Atlantic oscillation
El Nino
gas hydrates
dissociation
methane
cooling
warming
temperature
data bases
Triggering
continental margin
stability
climate change
outer shelf
ISSN:0148-0227, 2169-9275, 2156-2202, 2169-9291
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Abstract The potential impact of future climate change on methane release from oceanic gas hydrates is the subject of much debate. We analyzed World Ocean Database quality controlled data on the Norwegian‐Svalbard continental margin from the past 60 years to evaluate the potential effect of ocean temperature variations on continental margin gas hydrate reservoirs. Bottom water temperatures in the Norwegian‐Svalbard margin were subject to significant cooling until 1980 (by ∼2°C offshore NW‐Svalbard and in the Barents Sea) followed by a general bottom water temperature increase until 2010 (∼0.3°C in deep‐water areas offshore NW‐Svalbard and mid‐Norwegian margin and ∼2°C in the shallow areas of the Barents Sea and Prins Karls Forland). Bottom water warming in the shallow outer shelf areas triggered the Gas Hydrate Stability Zone (GHSZ) retreat toward upper continental slope areas, potentially increasing methane release due to gas hydrate dissociation. GHSZ responses to temperature changes on human time scales occur exclusively in shallow water and only if near‐surface gas hydrates exist. The responses are associated with a short time lag of less than 1 year. Temperatures in the bottom water column seem to be partly regulated by the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO), with positive NAO associated with warm phases. However, cooling events in the surface water offshore NW‐Svalbard might be associated with El Niño events of 1976–1977, 1986–1987 and 1997–1998 in the Pacific. Such ocean cooling, if long enough, may delay ocean temperature driven gas hydrate dissociation and potential releases of methane to the ocean. Key Points Increasing seabed temperatures makes gas hydrate unstable in shallow regions Temperature increase in deep areas is not enough to destabilize gas hydrate Bottom water temperature seems to be partly regulated by the NAO
AbstractList The potential impact of future climate change on methane release from oceanic gas hydrates is the subject of much debate. We analyzed World Ocean Database quality controlled data on the Norwegian-Svalbard continental margin from the past 60 years to evaluate the potential effect of ocean temperature variations on continental margin gas hydrate reservoirs. Bottom water temperatures in the Norwegian-Svalbard margin were subject to significant cooling until 1980 (by similar to 2 degree C offshore NW-Svalbard and in the Barents Sea) followed by a general bottom water temperature increase until 2010 ( similar to 0.3 degree C in deep-water areas offshore NW-Svalbard and mid-Norwegian margin and similar to 2 degree C in the shallow areas of the Barents Sea and Prins Karls Forland). Bottom water warming in the shallow outer shelf areas triggered the Gas Hydrate Stability Zone (GHSZ) retreat toward upper continental slope areas, potentially increasing methane release due to gas hydrate dissociation. GHSZ responses to temperature changes on human time scales occur exclusively in shallow water and only if near-surface gas hydrates exist. The responses are associated with a short time lag of less than 1 year. Temperatures in the bottom water column seem to be partly regulated by the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO), with positive NAO associated with warm phases. However, cooling events in the surface water offshore NW-Svalbard might be associated with El Nino events of 1976-1977, 1986-1987 and 1997-1998 in the Pacific. Such ocean cooling, if long enough, may delay ocean temperature driven gas hydrate dissociation and potential releases of methane to the ocean.
The potential impact of future climate change on methane release from oceanic gas hydrates is the subject of much debate. We analyzed World Ocean Database quality controlled data on the Norwegian‐Svalbard continental margin from the past 60 years to evaluate the potential effect of ocean temperature variations on continental margin gas hydrate reservoirs. Bottom water temperatures in the Norwegian‐Svalbard margin were subject to significant cooling until 1980 (by ∼2°C offshore NW‐Svalbard and in the Barents Sea) followed by a general bottom water temperature increase until 2010 (∼0.3°C in deep‐water areas offshore NW‐Svalbard and mid‐Norwegian margin and ∼2°C in the shallow areas of the Barents Sea and Prins Karls Forland). Bottom water warming in the shallow outer shelf areas triggered the Gas Hydrate Stability Zone (GHSZ) retreat toward upper continental slope areas, potentially increasing methane release due to gas hydrate dissociation. GHSZ responses to temperature changes on human time scales occur exclusively in shallow water and only if near‐surface gas hydrates exist. The responses are associated with a short time lag of less than 1 year. Temperatures in the bottom water column seem to be partly regulated by the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO), with positive NAO associated with warm phases. However, cooling events in the surface water offshore NW‐Svalbard might be associated with El Niño events of 1976–1977, 1986–1987 and 1997–1998 in the Pacific. Such ocean cooling, if long enough, may delay ocean temperature driven gas hydrate dissociation and potential releases of methane to the ocean. Key Points Increasing seabed temperatures makes gas hydrate unstable in shallow regions Temperature increase in deep areas is not enough to destabilize gas hydrate Bottom water temperature seems to be partly regulated by the NAO
The potential impact of future climate change on methane release from oceanic gas hydrates is the subject of much debate. We analyzed World Ocean Database quality controlled data on the Norwegian-Svalbard continental margin from the past 60 years to evaluate the potential effect of ocean temperature variations on continental margin gas hydrate reservoirs. Bottom water temperatures in the Norwegian-Svalbard margin were subject to significant cooling until 1980 (by 2°C offshore NW-Svalbard and in the Barents Sea) followed by a general bottom water temperature increase until 2010 (0.3°C in deep-water areas offshore NW-Svalbard and mid-Norwegian margin and 2°C in the shallow areas of the Barents Sea and Prins Karls Forland). Bottom water warming in the shallow outer shelf areas triggered the Gas Hydrate Stability Zone (GHSZ) retreat toward upper continental slope areas, potentially increasing methane release due to gas hydrate dissociation. GHSZ responses to temperature changes on human time scales occur exclusively in shallow water and only if near-surface gas hydrates exist. The responses are associated with a short time lag of less than 1 year. Temperatures in the bottom water column seem to be partly regulated by the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO), with positive NAO associated with warm phases. However, cooling events in the surface water offshore NW-Svalbard might be associated with El Niño events of 19761977, 19861987 and 19971998 in the Pacific. Such ocean cooling, if long enough, may delay ocean temperature driven gas hydrate dissociation and potential releases of methane to the ocean.
The potential impact of future climate change on methane release from oceanic gas hydrates is the subject of much debate. We analyzed World Ocean Database quality controlled data on the Norwegian‐Svalbard continental margin from the past 60 years to evaluate the potential effect of ocean temperature variations on continental margin gas hydrate reservoirs. Bottom water temperatures in the Norwegian‐Svalbard margin were subject to significant cooling until 1980 (by ∼2°C offshore NW‐Svalbard and in the Barents Sea) followed by a general bottom water temperature increase until 2010 (∼0.3°C in deep‐water areas offshore NW‐Svalbard and mid‐Norwegian margin and ∼2°C in the shallow areas of the Barents Sea and Prins Karls Forland). Bottom water warming in the shallow outer shelf areas triggered the Gas Hydrate Stability Zone (GHSZ) retreat toward upper continental slope areas, potentially increasing methane release due to gas hydrate dissociation. GHSZ responses to temperature changes on human time scales occur exclusively in shallow water and only if near‐surface gas hydrates exist. The responses are associated with a short time lag of less than 1 year. Temperatures in the bottom water column seem to be partly regulated by the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO), with positive NAO associated with warm phases. However, cooling events in the surface water offshore NW‐Svalbard might be associated with El Niño events of 1976–1977, 1986–1987 and 1997–1998 in the Pacific. Such ocean cooling, if long enough, may delay ocean temperature driven gas hydrate dissociation and potential releases of methane to the ocean. Increasing seabed temperatures makes gas hydrate unstable in shallow regions Temperature increase in deep areas is not enough to destabilize gas hydrate Bottom water temperature seems to be partly regulated by the NAO
The potential impact of future climate change on methane release from oceanic gas hydrates is the subject of much debate. We analyzed World Ocean Database quality controlled data on the Norwegian-Svalbard continental margin from the past 60 years to evaluate the potential effect of ocean temperature variations on continental margin gas hydrate reservoirs. Bottom water temperatures in the Norwegian-Svalbard margin were subject to significant cooling until 1980 (by 2 degree C offshore NW-Svalbard and in the Barents Sea) followed by a general bottom water temperature increase until 2010 (0.3 degree C in deep-water areas offshore NW-Svalbard and mid-Norwegian margin and 2 degree C in the shallow areas of the Barents Sea and Prins Karls Forland). Bottom water warming in the shallow outer shelf areas triggered the Gas Hydrate Stability Zone (GHSZ) retreat toward upper continental slope areas, potentially increasing methane release due to gas hydrate dissociation. GHSZ responses to temperature changes on human time scales occur exclusively in shallow water and only if near-surface gas hydrates exist. The responses are associated with a short time lag of less than 1 year. Temperatures in the bottom water column seem to be partly regulated by the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO), with positive NAO associated with warm phases. However, cooling events in the surface water offshore NW-Svalbard might be associated with El Nino events of 1976-1977, 1986-1987 and 1997-1998 in the Pacific. Such ocean cooling, if long enough, may delay ocean temperature driven gas hydrate dissociation and potential releases of methane to the ocean. Key Points * Increasing seabed temperatures makes gas hydrate unstable in shallow regions * Temperature increase in deep areas is not enough to destabilize gas hydrate * Bottom water temperature seems to be partly regulated by the NAO
Author Mienert, Jürgen
Feseker, Tomas
Ferré, Bénédicte
Author_xml – sequence: 1
  givenname: Bénédicte
  surname: Ferré
  fullname: Ferré, Bénédicte
  email: benedicte.ferre@uit.no, benedicte.ferre@uit.no
  organization: Institute of Geology, University of Tromsø, Tromsø, Norway
– sequence: 2
  givenname: Jürgen
  surname: Mienert
  fullname: Mienert, Jürgen
  organization: Institute of Geology, University of Tromsø, Tromsø, Norway
– sequence: 3
  givenname: Tomas
  surname: Feseker
  fullname: Feseker, Tomas
  organization: MARUM-Center for Marine Environmental Sciences and Faculty of Geosciences, University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany
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2015 INIST-CNRS
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Issue C10
Keywords continental slope
world ocean
reservoirs
Deep water
variability
Shallow water
offshore
quality
surface water
bottom water
North Atlantic oscillation
El Nino
gas hydrates
dissociation
methane
cooling
warming
temperature
data bases
Triggering
continental margin
stability
climate change
outer shelf
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PublicationCentury 2000
PublicationDate October 2012
PublicationDateYYYYMMDD 2012-10-01
PublicationDate_xml – month: 10
  year: 2012
  text: October 2012
PublicationDecade 2010
PublicationPlace Washington, DC
PublicationPlace_xml – name: Washington, DC
– name: Washington
PublicationTitle Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans
PublicationTitleAlternate J. Geophys. Res
PublicationYear 2012
Publisher Blackwell Publishing Ltd
American Geophysical Union
Publisher_xml – name: Blackwell Publishing Ltd
– name: American Geophysical Union
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Snippet The potential impact of future climate change on methane release from oceanic gas hydrates is the subject of much debate. We analyzed World Ocean Database...
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SubjectTerms Bottom water
Climate change
Continental margins
Continental slope
Cooling
Deep water
Earth
Earth sciences
Earth, ocean, space
El Nino
Exact sciences and technology
gas hydrate
Gas hydrates
Geophysics
Hydrates
Marine
Marine geology
Methane
Norwegian Arctic
Norwegian margin
Ocean temperature
Oceanography
Oceans
Physical oceanography
Shallow water
Surface water
Water column
Water temperature
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Title Ocean temperature variability for the past 60 years on the Norwegian-Svalbard margin influences gas hydrate stability on human time scales
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