Direct Antibiotic Activity of Bacillibactin Broadens the Biocontrol Range of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens MBI600

Siderophores have mostly been studied concerning their contribution to the fitness and virulence of bacterial pathogens. In the present work, we isolated and characterized for the first time the siderophore bacillibactin from a commercial bacterial biocontrol agent. Bacillus amyloliquefaciens is con...

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Published in:mSphere Vol. 6; no. 4; p. e0037621
Main Authors: Dimopoulou, Anastasia, Theologidis, Ioannis, Benaki, Dimitra, Koukounia, Marilena, Zervakou, Amalia, Tzima, Aliki, Diallinas, George, Hatzinikolaou, Dimitris G., Skandalis, Nicholas
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Published: United States American Society for Microbiology 25.08.2021
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ISSN:2379-5042, 2379-5042
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Abstract Siderophores have mostly been studied concerning their contribution to the fitness and virulence of bacterial pathogens. In the present work, we isolated and characterized for the first time the siderophore bacillibactin from a commercial bacterial biocontrol agent. Bacillus amyloliquefaciens is considered the most successful biological control agent due to its ability to colonize the plant rhizosphere and phyllosphere where it outgrows plant pathogens by competition, antibiosis, and inducing plant defense. Its antimicrobial function is thought to depend on a diverse spectrum of secondary metabolites, including peptides, cyclic lipopeptides, and polyketides, which have been shown to target mostly fungal pathogens. In this study, we isolated and characterized the catecholate siderophore bacillibactin by B. amyloliquefaciens MBI600 under iron-limiting conditions and we further identified its potential antibiotic activity against plant pathogens. Our data show that bacillibactin production restrained in vitro and in planta growth of the nonsusceptible (to MBI600) pathogen Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato . Notably, it was also related to increased antifungal activity of MBI600. In addition to bacillibactin biosynthesis, iron starvation led to upregulation of specific genes involved in microbial fitness and competition. IMPORTANCE Siderophores have mostly been studied concerning their contribution to the fitness and virulence of bacterial pathogens. In the present work, we isolated and characterized for the first time the siderophore bacillibactin from a commercial bacterial biocontrol agent. We proved that its presence in the culture broth has significant biocontrol activity against nonsusceptible bacterial and fungal phytopathogens. In addition, we suggest that its activity is due to a new mechanism of action, that of direct antibiosis, rather than by competition through iron scavenging. Furthermore, we showed that bacillibactin biosynthesis is coregulated with the transcription of antimicrobial metabolite synthases and fitness regulatory genes that maximize competition capability. Finally, this work highlights that the efficiency and range of existing bacterial biocontrol agents can be improved and broadened via the rational modification of the growth conditions of biocontrol organisms.
AbstractList Siderophores have mostly been studied concerning their contribution to the fitness and virulence of bacterial pathogens. In the present work, we isolated and characterized for the first time the siderophore bacillibactin from a commercial bacterial biocontrol agent.
Siderophores have mostly been studied concerning their contribution to the fitness and virulence of bacterial pathogens. In the present work, we isolated and characterized for the first time the siderophore bacillibactin from a commercial bacterial biocontrol agent. Bacillus amyloliquefaciens is considered the most successful biological control agent due to its ability to colonize the plant rhizosphere and phyllosphere where it outgrows plant pathogens by competition, antibiosis, and inducing plant defense. Its antimicrobial function is thought to depend on a diverse spectrum of secondary metabolites, including peptides, cyclic lipopeptides, and polyketides, which have been shown to target mostly fungal pathogens. In this study, we isolated and characterized the catecholate siderophore bacillibactin by B. amyloliquefaciens MBI600 under iron-limiting conditions and we further identified its potential antibiotic activity against plant pathogens. Our data show that bacillibactin production restrained in vitro and in planta growth of the nonsusceptible (to MBI600) pathogen Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato . Notably, it was also related to increased antifungal activity of MBI600. In addition to bacillibactin biosynthesis, iron starvation led to upregulation of specific genes involved in microbial fitness and competition. IMPORTANCE Siderophores have mostly been studied concerning their contribution to the fitness and virulence of bacterial pathogens. In the present work, we isolated and characterized for the first time the siderophore bacillibactin from a commercial bacterial biocontrol agent. We proved that its presence in the culture broth has significant biocontrol activity against nonsusceptible bacterial and fungal phytopathogens. In addition, we suggest that its activity is due to a new mechanism of action, that of direct antibiosis, rather than by competition through iron scavenging. Furthermore, we showed that bacillibactin biosynthesis is coregulated with the transcription of antimicrobial metabolite synthases and fitness regulatory genes that maximize competition capability. Finally, this work highlights that the efficiency and range of existing bacterial biocontrol agents can be improved and broadened via the rational modification of the growth conditions of biocontrol organisms.
Bacillus amyloliquefaciens is considered the most successful biological control agent due to its ability to colonize the plant rhizosphere and phyllosphere where it outgrows plant pathogens by competition, antibiosis, and inducing plant defense. Its antimicrobial function is thought to depend on a diverse spectrum of secondary metabolites, including peptides, cyclic lipopeptides, and polyketides, which have been shown to target mostly fungal pathogens. In this study, we isolated and characterized the catecholate siderophore bacillibactin by B. amyloliquefaciens MBI600 under iron-limiting conditions and we further identified its potential antibiotic activity against plant pathogens. Our data show that bacillibactin production restrained in vitro and in planta growth of the nonsusceptible (to MBI600) pathogen Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato. Notably, it was also related to increased antifungal activity of MBI600. In addition to bacillibactin biosynthesis, iron starvation led to upregulation of specific genes involved in microbial fitness and competition. IMPORTANCE Siderophores have mostly been studied concerning their contribution to the fitness and virulence of bacterial pathogens. In the present work, we isolated and characterized for the first time the siderophore bacillibactin from a commercial bacterial biocontrol agent. We proved that its presence in the culture broth has significant biocontrol activity against nonsusceptible bacterial and fungal phytopathogens. In addition, we suggest that its activity is due to a new mechanism of action, that of direct antibiosis, rather than by competition through iron scavenging. Furthermore, we showed that bacillibactin biosynthesis is coregulated with the transcription of antimicrobial metabolite synthases and fitness regulatory genes that maximize competition capability. Finally, this work highlights that the efficiency and range of existing bacterial biocontrol agents can be improved and broadened via the rational modification of the growth conditions of biocontrol organisms.
Bacillus amyloliquefaciens is considered the most successful biological control agent due to its ability to colonize the plant rhizosphere and phyllosphere where it outgrows plant pathogens by competition, antibiosis, and inducing plant defense. Its antimicrobial function is thought to depend on a diverse spectrum of secondary metabolites, including peptides, cyclic lipopeptides, and polyketides, which have been shown to target mostly fungal pathogens. In this study, we isolated and characterized the catecholate siderophore bacillibactin by B. amyloliquefaciens MBI600 under iron-limiting conditions and we further identified its potential antibiotic activity against plant pathogens. Our data show that bacillibactin production restrained in vitro and in planta growth of the nonsusceptible (to MBI600) pathogen Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato. Notably, it was also related to increased antifungal activity of MBI600. In addition to bacillibactin biosynthesis, iron starvation led to upregulation of specific genes involved in microbial fitness and competition. IMPORTANCE Siderophores have mostly been studied concerning their contribution to the fitness and virulence of bacterial pathogens. In the present work, we isolated and characterized for the first time the siderophore bacillibactin from a commercial bacterial biocontrol agent. We proved that its presence in the culture broth has significant biocontrol activity against nonsusceptible bacterial and fungal phytopathogens. In addition, we suggest that its activity is due to a new mechanism of action, that of direct antibiosis, rather than by competition through iron scavenging. Furthermore, we showed that bacillibactin biosynthesis is coregulated with the transcription of antimicrobial metabolite synthases and fitness regulatory genes that maximize competition capability. Finally, this work highlights that the efficiency and range of existing bacterial biocontrol agents can be improved and broadened via the rational modification of the growth conditions of biocontrol organisms.Bacillus amyloliquefaciens is considered the most successful biological control agent due to its ability to colonize the plant rhizosphere and phyllosphere where it outgrows plant pathogens by competition, antibiosis, and inducing plant defense. Its antimicrobial function is thought to depend on a diverse spectrum of secondary metabolites, including peptides, cyclic lipopeptides, and polyketides, which have been shown to target mostly fungal pathogens. In this study, we isolated and characterized the catecholate siderophore bacillibactin by B. amyloliquefaciens MBI600 under iron-limiting conditions and we further identified its potential antibiotic activity against plant pathogens. Our data show that bacillibactin production restrained in vitro and in planta growth of the nonsusceptible (to MBI600) pathogen Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato. Notably, it was also related to increased antifungal activity of MBI600. In addition to bacillibactin biosynthesis, iron starvation led to upregulation of specific genes involved in microbial fitness and competition. IMPORTANCE Siderophores have mostly been studied concerning their contribution to the fitness and virulence of bacterial pathogens. In the present work, we isolated and characterized for the first time the siderophore bacillibactin from a commercial bacterial biocontrol agent. We proved that its presence in the culture broth has significant biocontrol activity against nonsusceptible bacterial and fungal phytopathogens. In addition, we suggest that its activity is due to a new mechanism of action, that of direct antibiosis, rather than by competition through iron scavenging. Furthermore, we showed that bacillibactin biosynthesis is coregulated with the transcription of antimicrobial metabolite synthases and fitness regulatory genes that maximize competition capability. Finally, this work highlights that the efficiency and range of existing bacterial biocontrol agents can be improved and broadened via the rational modification of the growth conditions of biocontrol organisms.
Bacillus amyloliquefaciens is considered the most successful biological control agent due to its ability to colonize the plant rhizosphere and phyllosphere where it outgrows plant pathogens by competition, antibiosis, and inducing plant defense. Its antimicrobial function is thought to depend on a diverse spectrum of secondary metabolites, including peptides, cyclic lipopeptides, and polyketides, which have been shown to target mostly fungal pathogens. In this study, we isolated and characterized the catecholate siderophore bacillibactin by MBI600 under iron-limiting conditions and we further identified its potential antibiotic activity against plant pathogens. Our data show that bacillibactin production restrained and growth of the nonsusceptible (to MBI600) pathogen Pseudomonas syringae pv. . Notably, it was also related to increased antifungal activity of MBI600. In addition to bacillibactin biosynthesis, iron starvation led to upregulation of specific genes involved in microbial fitness and competition. Siderophores have mostly been studied concerning their contribution to the fitness and virulence of bacterial pathogens. In the present work, we isolated and characterized for the first time the siderophore bacillibactin from a commercial bacterial biocontrol agent. We proved that its presence in the culture broth has significant biocontrol activity against nonsusceptible bacterial and fungal phytopathogens. In addition, we suggest that its activity is due to a new mechanism of action, that of direct antibiosis, rather than by competition through iron scavenging. Furthermore, we showed that bacillibactin biosynthesis is coregulated with the transcription of antimicrobial metabolite synthases and fitness regulatory genes that maximize competition capability. Finally, this work highlights that the efficiency and range of existing bacterial biocontrol agents can be improved and broadened via the rational modification of the growth conditions of biocontrol organisms.
Author Tzima, Aliki
Skandalis, Nicholas
Theologidis, Ioannis
Dimopoulou, Anastasia
Zervakou, Amalia
Hatzinikolaou, Dimitris G.
Benaki, Dimitra
Diallinas, George
Koukounia, Marilena
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  givenname: Ioannis
  surname: Theologidis
  fullname: Theologidis, Ioannis
  organization: Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, FORTH, Heraklion, Greece, Laboratory of Pesticides’ Toxicology, Benaki Phytopathological Institute, Athens, Greece
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  givenname: Dimitra
  surname: Benaki
  fullname: Benaki, Dimitra
  organization: Department of Pharmacy, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
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  givenname: Marilena
  surname: Koukounia
  fullname: Koukounia, Marilena
  organization: Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, FORTH, Heraklion, Greece, Department of Biology, Sector of Botany, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
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  givenname: Amalia
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  givenname: Aliki
  surname: Tzima
  fullname: Tzima, Aliki
  organization: Laboratory of Plant Pathology, Agricultural University of Athens, Athens, Greece
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  givenname: George
  surname: Diallinas
  fullname: Diallinas, George
  organization: Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, FORTH, Heraklion, Greece, Department of Biology, Sector of Botany, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
– sequence: 8
  givenname: Dimitris G.
  surname: Hatzinikolaou
  fullname: Hatzinikolaou, Dimitris G.
  organization: Department of Biology, Sector of Botany, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
– sequence: 9
  givenname: Nicholas
  orcidid: 0000-0002-4236-8909
  surname: Skandalis
  fullname: Skandalis, Nicholas
  organization: Department of Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
BackLink https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34378986$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed
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Tue Dec 28 13:59:18 EST 2021
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IsDoiOpenAccess true
IsOpenAccess true
IsPeerReviewed true
IsScholarly true
Issue 4
Keywords bactericides
plant-pathogenic bacteria
iron starvation
Bacillus amyloliquefaciens
plant pathogens
antibiotics
siderophores
Language English
License This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International license. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International license.
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content type line 23
Citation Dimopoulou A, Theologidis I, Benaki D, Koukounia M, Zervakou A, Tzima A, Diallinas G, Hatzinikolaou DG, Skandalis N. 2021. Direct antibiotic activity of bacillibactin broadens the biocontrol range of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens MBI600. mSphere 6:e00376-21. https://doi.org/10.1128/mSphere.00376-21.
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Snippet Siderophores have mostly been studied concerning their contribution to the fitness and virulence of bacterial pathogens. In the present work, we isolated and...
Bacillus amyloliquefaciens is considered the most successful biological control agent due to its ability to colonize the plant rhizosphere and phyllosphere...
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SubjectTerms Anti-Bacterial Agents - pharmacology
Antibiosis - drug effects
Antifungal Agents - metabolism
Bacillus amyloliquefaciens - chemistry
Bacillus amyloliquefaciens - genetics
Bacillus amyloliquefaciens - metabolism
Bacteriology
Biological Control Agents - chemistry
Biological Control Agents - metabolism
Fungi - metabolism
Iron - metabolism
Oligopeptides - biosynthesis
Oligopeptides - pharmacology
Plant Diseases - microbiology
Plant Diseases - prevention & control
Pseudomonas syringae - drug effects
Pseudomonas syringae - pathogenicity
Research Article
Siderophores - biosynthesis
Siderophores - pharmacology
Title Direct Antibiotic Activity of Bacillibactin Broadens the Biocontrol Range of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens MBI600
URI https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34378986
https://journals.asm.org/doi/10.1128/mSphere.00376-21
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https://doaj.org/article/b04067ef78f544968a5385656c3f68c0
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