Lipocalin 2: An Emerging Player in Iron Homeostasis and Inflammation

Lipocalin 2 (Lcn2), an innate immune protein, has emerged as a critical iron regulatory protein during physiological and inflammatory conditions. As a bacteriostatic factor, Lcn2 obstructs the siderophore iron-acquiring strategy of bacteria and thus inhibits bacterial growth. As part of host nutriti...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Annual review of nutrition Vol. 37; p. 103
Main Authors: Xiao, Xia, Yeoh, Beng San, Vijay-Kumar, Matam
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Published: United States 21.08.2017
Subjects:
Animals
Bacteria - drug effects
Homeostasis
Humans
Inflammation
Iron - metabolism
Lipocalin-2 - immunology
Lipocalin-2 - metabolism
NGAL
anemia of inflammation
iron toxicity
siderocalin
hypoferremia
siderophore
ISSN:1545-4312, 1545-4312
Online Access:Get more information
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Summary:Lipocalin 2 (Lcn2), an innate immune protein, has emerged as a critical iron regulatory protein during physiological and inflammatory conditions. As a bacteriostatic factor, Lcn2 obstructs the siderophore iron-acquiring strategy of bacteria and thus inhibits bacterial growth. As part of host nutritional immunity, Lcn2 facilitates systemic, cellular, and mucosal hypoferremia during inflammation, in addition to stabilizing the siderophore-bound labile iron pool. In this review, we summarize recent advances in understanding the interaction between Lcn2 and iron, and its effects in various inflammatory diseases. Lcn2 exerts mostly a protective role in infectious and inflammatory bowel diseases, whereas both beneficial and detrimental functions have been documented in neurodegenerative diseases, metabolic syndrome, renal disorders, skin disorders, and cancer. Further animal and clinical studies are necessary to unveil the multifaceted roles of Lcn2 in iron dysregulation during inflammation and to explore its therapeutic potential for treating inflammatory diseases.
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ISSN:1545-4312
1545-4312
DOI:10.1146/annurev-nutr-071816-064559