Usutu virus-induced meningoencephalitis in immunocompetent mice is characterized by the recruitment of mononuclear cells and a proinflammatory T helper 1 response

Mosquito-borne viruses, including USUV, are maintained in nature through complex cycles involving arthropod vectors and vertebrate hosts. A comprehensive understanding of USUV biology and host-pathogen interactions is crucial for developing effective treatments, which necessitates reliable experimen...

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Published in:Journal of virology Vol. 99; no. 3; p. e0172424
Main Authors: Rocha, Rebeca Froes, Coimbra, Laís D., Fontoura, Marina A., Ribeiro, Guilherme, Sotorilli, Giuliana Eboli, Gomes, Giovanni F., Borin, Alexandre, Felipe, Jaqueline, Slowikowski, Emily, Greison, Wilias Silva Santos, Cunha, Thiago M., Marques, Pedro Elias, Vieira, Pedro M. M., Marques, Rafael Elias
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Published: United States American Society for Microbiology 18.03.2025
Subjects:
Animals
Brain - immunology
Brain - pathology
Brain - virology
Cytokines - metabolism
Disease Models, Animal
Female
flavivirus
Flavivirus - immunology
Flavivirus - pathogenicity
Flavivirus Infections - immunology
Flavivirus Infections - pathology
Flavivirus Infections - virology
Host-Microbial Interactions
leukocyte recruitment
Macrophages - immunology
Meningoencephalitis - immunology
Meningoencephalitis - pathology
Meningoencephalitis - virology
Mice
Mice, Inbred C57BL
mouse model
Pathogenesis and Immunity
Th1 Cells - immunology
Th1 response
Usutu virus
viral encephalitis
Viral Load
Th1 response
immunopathogenesis
viral encephalitis
mouse model
Usutu virus
leukocyte recruitment
flavivirus
ISSN:0022-538X, 1098-5514, 1098-5514
Online Access:Get full text
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Summary:Mosquito-borne viruses, including USUV, are maintained in nature through complex cycles involving arthropod vectors and vertebrate hosts. A comprehensive understanding of USUV biology and host-pathogen interactions is crucial for developing effective treatments, which necessitates reliable experimental models (G. J. Sips, J. Wilschut, and J. M. Smit, Rev Med Virol 22:69–87, 2012, https://doi.org/10.1002/rmv.712 ; T. C. Pierson and M. S. Diamond, Nat Microbiol 5:796–812, 2020, https://doi.org/10.1038/s41564-020-0714-0 ). The establishment of a USUV infection model in immunocompetent adult mice brings new perspectives on the inflammatory component of viral encephalitis, which is difficult to study in mice lacking antiviral interferon responses. Moreover, USUV is an emerging viral disease lacking therapeutic and preventive measures. The interplay of USUV pathogenesis and the host’s immune response indicates that lymphocytes and monocytes participate in USUV infection in this model and could be explored in search of treatments targeting immunopathogenic processes triggered by infection.
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The authors declare no conflict of interest.
Rebeca Froes Rocha and Laís D. Coimbra contributed equally to this article. Autor order was determined by seniority.
ISSN:0022-538X
1098-5514
1098-5514
DOI:10.1128/jvi.01724-24