Comparing Jupiter interior structure models to Juno gravity measurements and the role of a dilute core

The Juno spacecraft has measured Jupiter's low‐order, even gravitational moments, J2–J8, to an unprecedented precision, providing important constraints on the density profile and core mass of the planet. Here we report on a selection of interior models based on ab initio computer simulations of...

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Vydané v:	Geophysical research letters Ročník 44; číslo 10; s. 4649 - 4659
Hlavní autori:	Wahl, S. M., Hubbard, W. B., Militzer, B., Guillot, T., Miguel, Y., Movshovitz, N., Kaspi, Y., Helled, R., Reese, D., Galanti, E., Levin, S., Connerney, J. E., Bolton, S. J.
Médium:	Journal Article
Jazyk:	English
Vydavateľské údaje:	Washington John Wiley & Sons, Inc 28.05.2017 American Geophysical Union
Predmet:	Astrophysics Computer simulation Density Density profiles Dilution Earth Enrichment Equations of state Evolution Gravitation Gravity Heavy elements Heavy metals Helium Hydrogen interior structure Juno Jupiter Jupiter probes Mass Mathematical models Molecular structure Physics Planetary evolution Planetary interiors Planetary mass Planets Spacecraft computer equation of state density gravitation mass hydrogen helium formation structure
ISSN:	0094-8276, 1944-8007
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Popis
Shrnutí:	The Juno spacecraft has measured Jupiter's low‐order, even gravitational moments, J2–J8, to an unprecedented precision, providing important constraints on the density profile and core mass of the planet. Here we report on a selection of interior models based on ab initio computer simulations of hydrogen‐helium mixtures. We demonstrate that a dilute core, expanded to a significant fraction of the planet's radius, is helpful in reconciling the calculated Jn with Juno's observations. Although model predictions are strongly affected by the chosen equation of state, the prediction of an enrichment of Z in the deep, metallic envelope over that in the shallow, molecular envelope holds. We estimate Jupiter's core to contain a 7–25 Earth mass of heavy elements. We discuss the current difficulties in reconciling measured Jn with the equations of state and with theory for formation and evolution of the planet. Plain Language Summary The Juno spacecraft has measured Jupiter's gravity to unprecedented precision. We present models of the planet's interior structure, which treat the hydrogen‐helium mixture using computer simulations of the material. We demonstrate that dilute core, with the heavy elements dissolved in hydrogen and expanded outward through a portion of the planet, may be helpful for explaining Juno's measurements.
Bibliografia:	ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 content type line 14
ISSN:	0094-8276 1944-8007
DOI:	10.1002/2017GL073160