Ambiviricota , a novel ribovirian phylum for viruses with viroid-like properties

Fungi harbor a vast diversity of mobile genetic elements (MGEs). Recently, novel fungal MGEs, tentatively referred to as 'ambiviruses,' were described. 'Ambiviruses' have single-stranded RNA genomes of about 4-5 kb in length that contain at least two open reading frames (ORFs) in...

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Published in:Journal of virology Vol. 98; no. 7; p. e0083124
Main Authors: Kuhn, Jens H, Botella, Leticia, de la Peña, Marcos, Vainio, Eeva J, Krupovic, Mart, Lee, Benjamin D, Navarro, Beatriz, Sabanadzovic, Sead, Simmonds, Peter, Turina, Massimo
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Language:English
Published: United States 23.07.2024
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Abstract Fungi harbor a vast diversity of mobile genetic elements (MGEs). Recently, novel fungal MGEs, tentatively referred to as 'ambiviruses,' were described. 'Ambiviruses' have single-stranded RNA genomes of about 4-5 kb in length that contain at least two open reading frames (ORFs) in non-overlapping ambisense orientation. Both ORFs are conserved among all currently known 'ambiviruses,' and one of them encodes a distinct viral RNA-directed RNA polymerase (RdRP), the hallmark gene of ribovirian kingdom . However, 'ambivirus' genomes are circular and predicted to replicate via a rolling-circle mechanism. Their genomes are also predicted to form rod-like structures and contain ribozymes in various combinations in both sense and antisense orientations-features reminiscent of viroids, virusoids, ribozyvirian kolmiovirids, and yet-unclassified MGEs (such as 'epsilonviruses,' 'zetaviruses,' and some 'obelisks'). As a first step toward the formal classification of 'ambiviruses,' the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV) recently approved the establishment of a novel ribovirian phylum, , to accommodate an initial set of 20 members with well-annotated genome sequences.
AbstractList Fungi harbor a vast diversity of mobile genetic elements (MGEs). Recently, novel fungal MGEs, tentatively referred to as 'ambiviruses,' were described. 'Ambiviruses' have single-stranded RNA genomes of about 4-5 kb in length that contain at least two open reading frames (ORFs) in non-overlapping ambisense orientation. Both ORFs are conserved among all currently known 'ambiviruses,' and one of them encodes a distinct viral RNA-directed RNA polymerase (RdRP), the hallmark gene of ribovirian kingdom . However, 'ambivirus' genomes are circular and predicted to replicate via a rolling-circle mechanism. Their genomes are also predicted to form rod-like structures and contain ribozymes in various combinations in both sense and antisense orientations-features reminiscent of viroids, virusoids, ribozyvirian kolmiovirids, and yet-unclassified MGEs (such as 'epsilonviruses,' 'zetaviruses,' and some 'obelisks'). As a first step toward the formal classification of 'ambiviruses,' the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV) recently approved the establishment of a novel ribovirian phylum, , to accommodate an initial set of 20 members with well-annotated genome sequences.
Fungi harbor a vast diversity of mobile genetic elements (MGEs). Recently, novel fungal MGEs, tentatively referred to as 'ambiviruses,' were described. 'Ambiviruses' have single-stranded RNA genomes of about 4-5 kb in length that contain at least two open reading frames (ORFs) in non-overlapping ambisense orientation. Both ORFs are conserved among all currently known 'ambiviruses,' and one of them encodes a distinct viral RNA-directed RNA polymerase (RdRP), the hallmark gene of ribovirian kingdom Orthornavirae. However, 'ambivirus' genomes are circular and predicted to replicate via a rolling-circle mechanism. Their genomes are also predicted to form rod-like structures and contain ribozymes in various combinations in both sense and antisense orientations-features reminiscent of viroids, virusoids, ribozyvirian kolmiovirids, and yet-unclassified MGEs (such as 'epsilonviruses,' 'zetaviruses,' and some 'obelisks'). As a first step toward the formal classification of 'ambiviruses,' the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV) recently approved the establishment of a novel ribovirian phylum, Ambiviricota, to accommodate an initial set of 20 members with well-annotated genome sequences.Fungi harbor a vast diversity of mobile genetic elements (MGEs). Recently, novel fungal MGEs, tentatively referred to as 'ambiviruses,' were described. 'Ambiviruses' have single-stranded RNA genomes of about 4-5 kb in length that contain at least two open reading frames (ORFs) in non-overlapping ambisense orientation. Both ORFs are conserved among all currently known 'ambiviruses,' and one of them encodes a distinct viral RNA-directed RNA polymerase (RdRP), the hallmark gene of ribovirian kingdom Orthornavirae. However, 'ambivirus' genomes are circular and predicted to replicate via a rolling-circle mechanism. Their genomes are also predicted to form rod-like structures and contain ribozymes in various combinations in both sense and antisense orientations-features reminiscent of viroids, virusoids, ribozyvirian kolmiovirids, and yet-unclassified MGEs (such as 'epsilonviruses,' 'zetaviruses,' and some 'obelisks'). As a first step toward the formal classification of 'ambiviruses,' the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV) recently approved the establishment of a novel ribovirian phylum, Ambiviricota, to accommodate an initial set of 20 members with well-annotated genome sequences.
Author Navarro, Beatriz
Simmonds, Peter
Lee, Benjamin D
Krupovic, Mart
Botella, Leticia
Vainio, Eeva J
Turina, Massimo
de la Peña, Marcos
Sabanadzovic, Sead
Kuhn, Jens H
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  givenname: Massimo
  orcidid: 0000-0002-9659-9470
  surname: Turina
  fullname: Turina, Massimo
  organization: Department of Plant Protection, School of Agriculture, The University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
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Issue 7
Keywords Ascomycota
ambivirus
International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses
virus taxonomy
Basidiomycota
Riboviria
phylum
viroid
fungus
ambiviricot
fungi
twister
virus nomenclature
Ambiviricota
hairpin
hammerhead
virus classification
deltavirus
ICTV
ribozyme
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Snippet Fungi harbor a vast diversity of mobile genetic elements (MGEs). Recently, novel fungal MGEs, tentatively referred to as 'ambiviruses,' were described....
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SubjectTerms Fungal Viruses - classification
Fungal Viruses - genetics
Fungal Viruses - isolation & purification
Fungi - genetics
Fungi - virology
Genome, Viral
Open Reading Frames
Phylogeny
RNA Viruses - classification
RNA Viruses - genetics
RNA, Viral - genetics
RNA-Dependent RNA Polymerase - genetics
Viroids - classification
Viroids - genetics
Title Ambiviricota , a novel ribovirian phylum for viruses with viroid-like properties
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Volume 98
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