Trends in Prevalence of Type 1 and Type 2 Diabetes in Children and Adolescents in the US, 2001-2017

Changes in the prevalence of youth-onset diabetes have previously been observed. To estimate changes in prevalence of type 1 and type 2 diabetes in youths in the US from 2001 to 2017. In this cross-sectional observational study, individuals younger than 20 years with physician-diagnosed diabetes wer...

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Veröffentlicht in:	JAMA : the journal of the American Medical Association Jg. 326; H. 8; S. 717
Hauptverfasser:	Lawrence, Jean M, Divers, Jasmin, Isom, Scott, Saydah, Sharon, Imperatore, Giuseppina, Pihoker, Catherine, Marcovina, Santica M, Mayer-Davis, Elizabeth J, Hamman, Richard F, Dolan, Lawrence, Dabelea, Dana, Pettitt, David J, Liese, Angela D
Format:	Journal Article
Sprache:	Englisch
Veröffentlicht:	United States 24.08.2021
Schlagworte:	Adolescent Child Child, Preschool Cross-Sectional Studies Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 - epidemiology Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 - ethnology Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 - epidemiology Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 - ethnology Female Humans Male Prevalence United States - epidemiology Young Adult United States
ISSN:	1538-3598, 1538-3598
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Abstract	Changes in the prevalence of youth-onset diabetes have previously been observed. To estimate changes in prevalence of type 1 and type 2 diabetes in youths in the US from 2001 to 2017. In this cross-sectional observational study, individuals younger than 20 years with physician-diagnosed diabetes were enumerated from 6 areas in the US (4 geographic areas, 1 health plan, and select American Indian reservations) for 2001, 2009, and 2017. Calendar year. Estimated prevalence of physician-diagnosed type 1 and type 2 diabetes overall and by race and ethnicity, age, and sex. Among youths 19 years or younger, 4958 of 3.35 million had type 1 diabetes in 2001, 6672 of 3.46 million had type 1 diabetes in 2009, and 7759 of 3.61 million had type 1 diabetes in 2017; among those aged 10 to 19 years, 588 of 1.73 million had type 2 diabetes in 2001, 814 of 1.85 million had type 2 diabetes in 2009, and 1230 of 1.85 million had type 2 diabetes in 2017. The estimated type 1 diabetes prevalence per 1000 youths for those 19 years or younger increased significantly from 1.48 (95% CI, 1.44-1.52) in 2001 to 1.93 (95% CI, 1.88-1.98) in 2009 to 2.15 (95% CI, 2.10-2.20) in 2017, an absolute increase of 0.67 per 1000 youths (95%, CI, 0.64-0.70) and a 45.1% (95% CI, 40.0%-50.4%) relative increase over 16 years. The greatest absolute increases were observed among non-Hispanic White (0.93 per 1000 youths [95% CI, 0.88-0.98]) and non-Hispanic Black (0.89 per 1000 youths [95% CI, 0.88-0.98]) youths. The estimated type 2 diabetes prevalence per 1000 youths aged 10 to 19 years increased significantly from 0.34 (95% CI, 0.31-0.37) in 2001 to 0.46 (95% CI, 0.43-0.49) in 2009 to 0.67 (95% CI, 0.63-0.70) in 2017, an absolute increase of 0.32 per 1000 youths (95% CI, 0.30-0.35) and a 95.3% (95% CI, 77.0%-115.4%) relative increase over 16 years. The greatest absolute increases were observed among non-Hispanic Black (0.85 per 1000 youths [95% CI, 0.74-0.97]) and Hispanic (0.57 per 1000 youths [95% CI, 0.51-0.64]) youths. In 6 areas of the US from 2001 to 2017, the estimated prevalence of diabetes among children and adolescents increased for both type 1 and type 2 diabetes.
AbstractList	Changes in the prevalence of youth-onset diabetes have previously been observed. To estimate changes in prevalence of type 1 and type 2 diabetes in youths in the US from 2001 to 2017. In this cross-sectional observational study, individuals younger than 20 years with physician-diagnosed diabetes were enumerated from 6 areas in the US (4 geographic areas, 1 health plan, and select American Indian reservations) for 2001, 2009, and 2017. Calendar year. Estimated prevalence of physician-diagnosed type 1 and type 2 diabetes overall and by race and ethnicity, age, and sex. Among youths 19 years or younger, 4958 of 3.35 million had type 1 diabetes in 2001, 6672 of 3.46 million had type 1 diabetes in 2009, and 7759 of 3.61 million had type 1 diabetes in 2017; among those aged 10 to 19 years, 588 of 1.73 million had type 2 diabetes in 2001, 814 of 1.85 million had type 2 diabetes in 2009, and 1230 of 1.85 million had type 2 diabetes in 2017. The estimated type 1 diabetes prevalence per 1000 youths for those 19 years or younger increased significantly from 1.48 (95% CI, 1.44-1.52) in 2001 to 1.93 (95% CI, 1.88-1.98) in 2009 to 2.15 (95% CI, 2.10-2.20) in 2017, an absolute increase of 0.67 per 1000 youths (95%, CI, 0.64-0.70) and a 45.1% (95% CI, 40.0%-50.4%) relative increase over 16 years. The greatest absolute increases were observed among non-Hispanic White (0.93 per 1000 youths [95% CI, 0.88-0.98]) and non-Hispanic Black (0.89 per 1000 youths [95% CI, 0.88-0.98]) youths. The estimated type 2 diabetes prevalence per 1000 youths aged 10 to 19 years increased significantly from 0.34 (95% CI, 0.31-0.37) in 2001 to 0.46 (95% CI, 0.43-0.49) in 2009 to 0.67 (95% CI, 0.63-0.70) in 2017, an absolute increase of 0.32 per 1000 youths (95% CI, 0.30-0.35) and a 95.3% (95% CI, 77.0%-115.4%) relative increase over 16 years. The greatest absolute increases were observed among non-Hispanic Black (0.85 per 1000 youths [95% CI, 0.74-0.97]) and Hispanic (0.57 per 1000 youths [95% CI, 0.51-0.64]) youths. In 6 areas of the US from 2001 to 2017, the estimated prevalence of diabetes among children and adolescents increased for both type 1 and type 2 diabetes. Changes in the prevalence of youth-onset diabetes have previously been observed.ImportanceChanges in the prevalence of youth-onset diabetes have previously been observed.To estimate changes in prevalence of type 1 and type 2 diabetes in youths in the US from 2001 to 2017.ObjectiveTo estimate changes in prevalence of type 1 and type 2 diabetes in youths in the US from 2001 to 2017.In this cross-sectional observational study, individuals younger than 20 years with physician-diagnosed diabetes were enumerated from 6 areas in the US (4 geographic areas, 1 health plan, and select American Indian reservations) for 2001, 2009, and 2017.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsIn this cross-sectional observational study, individuals younger than 20 years with physician-diagnosed diabetes were enumerated from 6 areas in the US (4 geographic areas, 1 health plan, and select American Indian reservations) for 2001, 2009, and 2017.Calendar year.ExposuresCalendar year.Estimated prevalence of physician-diagnosed type 1 and type 2 diabetes overall and by race and ethnicity, age, and sex.Main Outcomes and MeasuresEstimated prevalence of physician-diagnosed type 1 and type 2 diabetes overall and by race and ethnicity, age, and sex.Among youths 19 years or younger, 4958 of 3.35 million had type 1 diabetes in 2001, 6672 of 3.46 million had type 1 diabetes in 2009, and 7759 of 3.61 million had type 1 diabetes in 2017; among those aged 10 to 19 years, 588 of 1.73 million had type 2 diabetes in 2001, 814 of 1.85 million had type 2 diabetes in 2009, and 1230 of 1.85 million had type 2 diabetes in 2017. The estimated type 1 diabetes prevalence per 1000 youths for those 19 years or younger increased significantly from 1.48 (95% CI, 1.44-1.52) in 2001 to 1.93 (95% CI, 1.88-1.98) in 2009 to 2.15 (95% CI, 2.10-2.20) in 2017, an absolute increase of 0.67 per 1000 youths (95%, CI, 0.64-0.70) and a 45.1% (95% CI, 40.0%-50.4%) relative increase over 16 years. The greatest absolute increases were observed among non-Hispanic White (0.93 per 1000 youths [95% CI, 0.88-0.98]) and non-Hispanic Black (0.89 per 1000 youths [95% CI, 0.88-0.98]) youths. The estimated type 2 diabetes prevalence per 1000 youths aged 10 to 19 years increased significantly from 0.34 (95% CI, 0.31-0.37) in 2001 to 0.46 (95% CI, 0.43-0.49) in 2009 to 0.67 (95% CI, 0.63-0.70) in 2017, an absolute increase of 0.32 per 1000 youths (95% CI, 0.30-0.35) and a 95.3% (95% CI, 77.0%-115.4%) relative increase over 16 years. The greatest absolute increases were observed among non-Hispanic Black (0.85 per 1000 youths [95% CI, 0.74-0.97]) and Hispanic (0.57 per 1000 youths [95% CI, 0.51-0.64]) youths.ResultsAmong youths 19 years or younger, 4958 of 3.35 million had type 1 diabetes in 2001, 6672 of 3.46 million had type 1 diabetes in 2009, and 7759 of 3.61 million had type 1 diabetes in 2017; among those aged 10 to 19 years, 588 of 1.73 million had type 2 diabetes in 2001, 814 of 1.85 million had type 2 diabetes in 2009, and 1230 of 1.85 million had type 2 diabetes in 2017. The estimated type 1 diabetes prevalence per 1000 youths for those 19 years or younger increased significantly from 1.48 (95% CI, 1.44-1.52) in 2001 to 1.93 (95% CI, 1.88-1.98) in 2009 to 2.15 (95% CI, 2.10-2.20) in 2017, an absolute increase of 0.67 per 1000 youths (95%, CI, 0.64-0.70) and a 45.1% (95% CI, 40.0%-50.4%) relative increase over 16 years. The greatest absolute increases were observed among non-Hispanic White (0.93 per 1000 youths [95% CI, 0.88-0.98]) and non-Hispanic Black (0.89 per 1000 youths [95% CI, 0.88-0.98]) youths. The estimated type 2 diabetes prevalence per 1000 youths aged 10 to 19 years increased significantly from 0.34 (95% CI, 0.31-0.37) in 2001 to 0.46 (95% CI, 0.43-0.49) in 2009 to 0.67 (95% CI, 0.63-0.70) in 2017, an absolute increase of 0.32 per 1000 youths (95% CI, 0.30-0.35) and a 95.3% (95% CI, 77.0%-115.4%) relative increase over 16 years. The greatest absolute increases were observed among non-Hispanic Black (0.85 per 1000 youths [95% CI, 0.74-0.97]) and Hispanic (0.57 per 1000 youths [95% CI, 0.51-0.64]) youths.In 6 areas of the US from 2001 to 2017, the estimated prevalence of diabetes among children and adolescents increased for both type 1 and type 2 diabetes.Conclusions and RelevanceIn 6 areas of the US from 2001 to 2017, the estimated prevalence of diabetes among children and adolescents increased for both type 1 and type 2 diabetes.
Author	Dabelea, Dana Pettitt, David J Lawrence, Jean M Mayer-Davis, Elizabeth J Dolan, Lawrence Imperatore, Giuseppina Isom, Scott Hamman, Richard F Marcovina, Santica M Liese, Angela D Saydah, Sharon Pihoker, Catherine Divers, Jasmin
Author_xml	– sequence: 1 givenname: Jean M surname: Lawrence fullname: Lawrence, Jean M organization: Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolic Diseases, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland – sequence: 2 givenname: Jasmin surname: Divers fullname: Divers, Jasmin organization: Division of Health Services Research, Department of Foundations of Medicine, New York University Langone School of Medicine, Mineola – sequence: 3 givenname: Scott surname: Isom fullname: Isom, Scott organization: Department of Biostatistics and Data Science, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina – sequence: 4 givenname: Sharon surname: Saydah fullname: Saydah, Sharon organization: Division of Diabetes Translation, National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Hyattsville, Maryland – sequence: 5 givenname: Giuseppina surname: Imperatore fullname: Imperatore, Giuseppina organization: Division of Diabetes Translation, National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia – sequence: 6 givenname: Catherine surname: Pihoker fullname: Pihoker, Catherine organization: Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington, Seattle – sequence: 7 givenname: Santica M surname: Marcovina fullname: Marcovina, Santica M organization: Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle – sequence: 8 givenname: Elizabeth J surname: Mayer-Davis fullname: Mayer-Davis, Elizabeth J organization: Departments of Nutrition and Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill – sequence: 9 givenname: Richard F surname: Hamman fullname: Hamman, Richard F organization: Department of Epidemiology, Colorado School of Public Health, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora – sequence: 10 givenname: Lawrence surname: Dolan fullname: Dolan, Lawrence organization: Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio – sequence: 11 givenname: Dana surname: Dabelea fullname: Dabelea, Dana organization: Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora – sequence: 12 givenname: David J surname: Pettitt fullname: Pettitt, David J organization: Santa Barbara, California – sequence: 13 givenname: Angela D surname: Liese fullname: Liese, Angela D organization: Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of South Carolina Arnold School of Public Health, Columbia
BackLink	https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34427600$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed
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Snippet	Changes in the prevalence of youth-onset diabetes have previously been observed. To estimate changes in prevalence of type 1 and type 2 diabetes in youths in... Changes in the prevalence of youth-onset diabetes have previously been observed.ImportanceChanges in the prevalence of youth-onset diabetes have previously...
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SubjectTerms	Adolescent Child Child, Preschool Cross-Sectional Studies Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 - epidemiology Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 - ethnology Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 - epidemiology Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 - ethnology Female Humans Male Prevalence United States - epidemiology Young Adult
Title	Trends in Prevalence of Type 1 and Type 2 Diabetes in Children and Adolescents in the US, 2001-2017
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