A Stormflow/Baseflow Comparison of Dissolved Organic Matter Concentrations and Bioavailability in an Appalachian Stream

Patterns of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) and nitrogen (DON) delivery were compared between times of stormflow and baseflow in Paine Run, an Appalachian stream draining a 12.4 km2 forested catchment in the Shenandoah National Park (SNP), Virginia. The potential in-stream ecological impact of altere...

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Vydáno v:	Biogeochemistry Ročník 53; číslo 3; s. 269 - 306
Hlavní autoři:	Buffam, Ishi, Galloway, James N., Blum, Linda K., McGlathery, Karen J.
Médium:	Journal Article
Jazyk:	angličtina
Vydáno:	Heidelberg Kluwer Academic Publishers 01.05.2001 Springer Springer Nature B.V
Témata:	Bacteria Base flow Bio-assays Bioassay Bioassays Bioavailability Catchment area Chemical composition Dissolved organic carbon Dissolved organic matter Earth sciences Earth, ocean, space Exact sciences and technology Forested watersheds Geochemistry Growth rate Hydrology Hydrology. Hydrogeology Mineralogy National parks Nitrogen Rate constants Rivers Seasonal variations Silicates Soil organic matter Storms Stormwater Streams USA, Blue Ridge Mts., Shenandoah Natl. Park USA, Virginia USA, Virginia, Blue Ridge Mts., Paine Run Water circulation Water column Water geochemistry Watersheds United States Appalachians Virginia bacteria nitrogen river discharge streams runoff concentration drainage patterns nitrates North America prokaryotes hydrochemistry discharge organic materials dissolved materials chemical composition organic carbon hydrographs storms national parks
ISSN:	0168-2563, 1573-515X
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Abstract	Patterns of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) and nitrogen (DON) delivery were compared between times of stormflow and baseflow in Paine Run, an Appalachian stream draining a 12.4 km2 forested catchment in the Shenandoah National Park (SNP), Virginia. The potential in-stream ecological impact of altered concentrations and/or chemical composition of DOM during storms also was examined, using standardized bacterial bioassays. DOC and DON concentrations in Paine Run were consistently low during baseflow and did not show a seasonal pattern. During storms however, mean DOC and DON concentrations approximately doubled, with maximum concentrations occurring on the rising limb of storm hydrographs. The rapid response of DOM concentration to changes in flow suggests a near-stream or in-stream source of DOM during storms. Stormflow (4% of the time, 36% of the annual discharge) contributed >50% of DOC, DON and NO3- flux in Paine Run during 1997. In laboratory bacterial bioassays, growth rate constants were higher on Paine Run stormflow water than on baseflow water, but the fraction of total DOM which was bioavailable was not significantly different. The fraction of the total stream DOC pool taken up by water column bacteria was estimated to increase from 0.03 ± 0.02% h-1 during baseflow, to 0.15 ± 0.04% h-1 during storms. This uptake rate would have a minimal effect on bulk DOM concentrations in Paine Run, but storms may still have considerable impact on the bacterial stream communities by mobilizing them into the water column and by supplying a pulse of DOM.
AbstractList	Patterns of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) and nitrogen (DON) delivery were compared between times of stormflow and baseflow in Paine Run, an Appalachian stream draining a 12.4 km2 forested catchment in the Shenandoah National Park (SNP), Virginia. The potential in-stream ecological impact of altered concentrations and/or chemical composition of DOM during storms also was examined, using standardized bacterial bioassays. DOC and DON concentrations in Paine Run were consistently low during baseflow and did not show a seasonal pattern. During storms however, mean DOC and DON concentrations approximately doubled, with maximum concentrations occurring on the rising limb of storm hydrographs. The rapid response of DOM concentration to changes in flow suggests a near-stream or in-stream source of DOM during storms. Stormflow (4% of the time, 36% of the annual discharge) contributed >50% of DOC, DON and NO3- flux in Paine Run during 1997. In laboratory bacterial bioassays, growth rate constants were higher on Paine Run stormflow water than on baseflow water, but the fraction of total DOM which was bioavailable was not significantly different. The fraction of the total stream DOC pool taken up by water column bacteria was estimated to increase from 0.03 ± 0.02% h-1 during baseflow, to 0.15 ± 0.04% h-1 during storms. This uptake rate would have a minimal effect on bulk DOM concentrations in Paine Run, but storms may still have considerable impact on the bacterial stream communities by mobilizing them into the water column and by supplying a pulse of DOM. Patterns of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) and nitrogen (DON) delivery were compared between times of stormflow and baseflow in Paine Run, an Appalachian stream draining a 12.4 km2 forested catchment in the Shenandoah National Park (SNP), Virginia. The potential in-stream ecological impact of altered concentrations and/or chemical composition of DOM during storms also was examined, using standardized bacterial bioassays. DOC and DON concentrations in Paine Run were consistently low during baseflow and did not show a seasonal pattern. During storms however, mean DOC and DON concentrations approximately doubled, with maximum concentrations occurring on the rising limb of storm hydrographs. The rapid response of DOM concentration to changes in flow suggests a near-stream or in-stream source of DOM during storms. Stormflow (4% of the time, 36% of the annual discharge) contributed >50% of DOC, DON and NO3− flux in Paine Run during 1997. In laboratory bacterial bioassays, growth rate constants were higher on Paine Run stormflow water than on baseflow water, but the fraction of total DOM which was bioavailable was not significantly different. The fraction of the total stream DOC pool taken up by water column bacteria was estimated to increase from 0.03 ± 0.02% h−1 during baseflow, to 0.15 ± 0.04% h−1 during storms. This uptake rate would have a minimal effect on bulk DOM concentrations in Paine Run, but storms may still have considerable impact on the bacterial stream communities by mobilizing them into the water column and by supplying a pulse of DOM. Patterns of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) and nitrogen (DON) delivery were compared between times of stormflow and baseflow in Paine Run, an Appalachian stream draining a 12.4 km super(2) forested catchment in the Shenandoah National Park (SNP), Virginia. The potential in-stream ecological impact of altered concentrations and/or chemical composition of DOM during storms also was examined, using standardized bacterial bioassays. DOC and DON concentrations in Paine Run were consistently low during baseflow and did not show a seasonal pattern. During storms however, mean DOC and DON concentrations approximately doubled, with maximum concentrations occurring on the rising limb of storm hydrographs. The rapid response of DOM concentration to changes in flow suggests a near-stream or in-stream source of DOM during storms. Stormflow (4% of the time, 36% of the annual discharge) contributed >50% of DOC, DON and NO sub(3) super(-) flux in Paine Run during 1997. In laboratory bacterial bioassays, growth rate constants were higher on Paine Run stormflow water than on baseflow water, but the fraction of total DOM which was bioavailable was not significantly different. The fraction of the total stream DOC pool taken up by water column bacteria was estimated to increase from 0.03 plus or minus 0.02% h super(-1) during baseflow, to 0.15 plus or minus 0.04% h super(-1) during storms. This uptake rate would have a minimal effect on bulk DOM concentrations in Paine Run, but storms may still have considerable impact on the bacterial stream communities by mobilizing them into the water column and by supplying a pulse of DOM.
Author	McGlathery, Karen J. Buffam, Ishi Galloway, James N. Blum, Linda K.
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ContentType	Journal Article
Copyright	Copyright 2001 Kluwer Academic Publishers 2001 INIST-CNRS Copyright Springer Nature B.V. May 2001
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Snippet	Patterns of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) and nitrogen (DON) delivery were compared between times of stormflow and baseflow in Paine Run, an Appalachian...
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SubjectTerms	Bacteria Base flow Bio-assays Bioassay Bioassays Bioavailability Catchment area Chemical composition Dissolved organic carbon Dissolved organic matter Earth sciences Earth, ocean, space Exact sciences and technology Forested watersheds Geochemistry Growth rate Hydrology Hydrology. Hydrogeology Mineralogy National parks Nitrogen Rate constants Rivers Seasonal variations Silicates Soil organic matter Storms Stormwater Streams USA, Blue Ridge Mts., Shenandoah Natl. Park USA, Virginia USA, Virginia, Blue Ridge Mts., Paine Run Water circulation Water column Water geochemistry Watersheds
Title	A Stormflow/Baseflow Comparison of Dissolved Organic Matter Concentrations and Bioavailability in an Appalachian Stream
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