Non-uniqueness with refraction inversion - a syncline model study
ABSTRACT Non‐uniqueness occurs with the 1D parametrization of refraction traveltime graphs in the vertical dimension and with the 2D lateral resolution of individual layers in the horizontal dimension. The most common source of non‐uniqueness is the inversion algorithm used to generate the starting...
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| Published in: | Geophysical Prospecting Vol. 58; no. 2; pp. 203 - 218 |
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| Format: | Journal Article |
| Language: | English |
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Oxford, UK
Blackwell Publishing Ltd
01.03.2010
Blackwell |
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| ISSN: | 0016-8025, 1365-2478 |
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| Abstract | ABSTRACT
Non‐uniqueness occurs with the 1D parametrization of refraction traveltime graphs in the vertical dimension and with the 2D lateral resolution of individual layers in the horizontal dimension. The most common source of non‐uniqueness is the inversion algorithm used to generate the starting model. This study applies 1D, 1.5D and 2D inversion algorithms to traveltime data for a syncline (2D) model, in order to generate starting models for wave path eikonal traveltime tomography.
The 1D tau‐p algorithm produced a tomogram with an anticline rather than a syncline and an artefact with a high seismic velocity. The 2D generalized reciprocal method generated tomograms that accurately reproduced the syncline, together with narrow regions at the thalweg with seismic velocities that are less than and greater than the true seismic velocities as well as the true values.
It is concluded that 2D inversion algorithms, which explicitly identify forward and reverse traveltime data, are required to generate useful starting models in the near‐surface where irregular refractors are common. The most likely tomogram can be selected as either the simplest model or with a priori information, such as head wave amplitudes.
The determination of vertical velocity functions within individual layers is also subject to non‐uniqueness. Depths computed with vertical velocity gradients, which are the default with many tomography programs, are generally 50% greater than those computed with constant velocities for the same traveltime data. The average vertical velocity provides a more accurate measure of depth estimates, where it can be derived.
Non‐uniqueness is a fundamental reality with the inversion of all near‐surface seismic refraction data. Unless specific measures are taken to explicitly address non‐uniqueness, then the production of a single refraction tomogram, which fits the traveltime data to sufficient accuracy, does not necessarily demonstrate that the result is either ‘correct’ or the most probable. |
|---|---|
| AbstractList | ABSTRACT
Non‐uniqueness occurs with the 1D parametrization of refraction traveltime graphs in the vertical dimension and with the 2D lateral resolution of individual layers in the horizontal dimension. The most common source of non‐uniqueness is the inversion algorithm used to generate the starting model. This study applies 1D, 1.5D and 2D inversion algorithms to traveltime data for a syncline (2D) model, in order to generate starting models for wave path eikonal traveltime tomography.
The 1D tau‐p algorithm produced a tomogram with an anticline rather than a syncline and an artefact with a high seismic velocity. The 2D generalized reciprocal method generated tomograms that accurately reproduced the syncline, together with narrow regions at the thalweg with seismic velocities that are less than and greater than the true seismic velocities as well as the true values.
It is concluded that 2D inversion algorithms, which explicitly identify forward and reverse traveltime data, are required to generate useful starting models in the near‐surface where irregular refractors are common. The most likely tomogram can be selected as either the simplest model or with a priori information, such as head wave amplitudes.
The determination of vertical velocity functions within individual layers is also subject to non‐uniqueness. Depths computed with vertical velocity gradients, which are the default with many tomography programs, are generally 50% greater than those computed with constant velocities for the same traveltime data. The average vertical velocity provides a more accurate measure of depth estimates, where it can be derived.
Non‐uniqueness is a fundamental reality with the inversion of all near‐surface seismic refraction data. Unless specific measures are taken to explicitly address non‐uniqueness, then the production of a single refraction tomogram, which fits the traveltime data to sufficient accuracy, does not necessarily demonstrate that the result is either ‘correct’ or the most probable. Non-uniqueness occurs with the 1D parametrization of refraction traveltime graphs in the vertical dimension and with the 2D lateral resolution of individual layers in the horizontal dimension. The most common source of non-uniqueness is the inversion algorithm used to generate the starting model. This study applies 1D, 1.5D and 2D inversion algorithms to traveltime data for a syncline (2D) model, in order to generate starting models for wave path eikonal traveltime tomography.The 1D tau-p algorithm produced a tomogram with an anticline rather than a syncline and an artefact with a high seismic velocity. The 2D generalized reciprocal method generated tomograms that accurately reproduced the syncline, together with narrow regions at the thalweg with seismic velocities that are less than and greater than the true seismic velocities as well as the true values.It is concluded that 2D inversion algorithms, which explicitly identify forward and reverse traveltime data, are required to generate useful starting models in the near-surface where irregular refractors are common. The most likely tomogram can be selected as either the simplest model or with a priori information, such as head wave amplitudes.The determination of vertical velocity functions within individual layers is also subject to non-uniqueness. Depths computed with vertical velocity gradients, which are the default with many tomography programs, are generally 50% greater than those computed with constant velocities for the same traveltime data. The average vertical velocity provides a more accurate measure of depth estimates, where it can be derived.Non-uniqueness is a fundamental reality with the inversion of all near-surface seismic refraction data. Unless specific measures are taken to explicitly address non-uniqueness, then the production of a single refraction tomogram, which fits the traveltime data to sufficient accuracy, does not necessarily demonstrate that the result is either 'correct' or the most probable. Non‐uniqueness occurs with the 1D parametrization of refraction traveltime graphs in the vertical dimension and with the 2D lateral resolution of individual layers in the horizontal dimension. The most common source of non‐uniqueness is the inversion algorithm used to generate the starting model. This study applies 1D, 1.5D and 2D inversion algorithms to traveltime data for a syncline (2D) model, in order to generate starting models for wave path eikonal traveltime tomography. The 1D tau‐p algorithm produced a tomogram with an anticline rather than a syncline and an artefact with a high seismic velocity. The 2D generalized reciprocal method generated tomograms that accurately reproduced the syncline, together with narrow regions at the thalweg with seismic velocities that are less than and greater than the true seismic velocities as well as the true values. It is concluded that 2D inversion algorithms, which explicitly identify forward and reverse traveltime data, are required to generate useful starting models in the near‐surface where irregular refractors are common. The most likely tomogram can be selected as either the simplest model or with a priori information, such as head wave amplitudes. The determination of vertical velocity functions within individual layers is also subject to non‐uniqueness. Depths computed with vertical velocity gradients, which are the default with many tomography programs, are generally 50% greater than those computed with constant velocities for the same traveltime data. The average vertical velocity provides a more accurate measure of depth estimates, where it can be derived. Non‐uniqueness is a fundamental reality with the inversion of all near‐surface seismic refraction data. Unless specific measures are taken to explicitly address non‐uniqueness, then the production of a single refraction tomogram, which fits the traveltime data to sufficient accuracy, does not necessarily demonstrate that the result is either ‘correct’ or the most probable. |
| Author | Palmer, Derecke |
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| Cites_doi | 10.1190/1.1620636 10.1190/1.1443923 10.1190/1.1444443 10.1071/EG08119 10.1029/JB076i002p00579 10.1130/GSAB-50-257 10.1190/1.1438217 10.1017/CBO9781139168359 10.1190/1.1441210 10.1190/1.1437718 10.1190/1.1438261 10.1029/JZ068i020p05777 10.1190/1.1439464 10.1007/s00024-004-2615-1 10.1190/1.1439663 10.1190/1.1437658 10.1111/j.1365-2478.1970.tb02098.x 10.1190/1.1442621 10.1016/0016-7142(79)90036-X 10.1190/1.1444468 10.1190/1.1438493 10.1190/1.1437869 10.1111/j.1365-2478.1970.tb02100.x 10.1190/1.1441196 10.1111/j.1365-2478.1978.tb01630.x 10.1111/j.1365-2478.1956.tb01401.x 10.3997/1365-2397.26.8.28507 10.1111/j.1365-2478.1991.tb00358.x 10.1111/j.1365-2478.2009.00818.x 10.1111/j.1365-2478.1955.tb01379.x 10.1029/JB076i026p06464 10.1190/1.1440960 10.1111/j.1365-2478.1979.tb00983.x 10.1190/1.9781560802426 10.1029/JZ065i004p01083 10.1029/JB075i023p04423 10.1071/EG08019 10.1190/1.1439292 10.1190/1.1487103 10.1190/1.1443514 10.1071/EG992261 10.1007/s00024-004-2616-0 10.1046/j.1365-2478.2003.00365.x 10.1190/1.1437212 10.1007/978-94-009-5546-2 10.1046/j.1365-2478.2000.00223.x 10.1190/1.1440501 10.1115/1.4011140 10.1111/j.1365-2478.2006.00567.x 10.1111/j.1365-2478.1959.tb01460.x 10.1063/1.1745133 10.1190/1.1437863 10.1190/1.1487104 10.1109/TGRS.1984.6499187 10.1190/1.1441157 10.1071/EG05007 10.3997/1365-2397.27.1297.28832 10.1190/1.1438961 10.1190/1.1444320 10.1111/j.1365-2478.1958.tb01655.x 10.1190/1.1436864 |
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| Keywords | waves algorithms inverse problem seismic refraction synclines accuracy velocity North America amplitude parametrization depth tomography two-dimensional models thalwegs anticlines programs travel time |
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(e_1_2_7_45_1) 1986 e_1_2_7_73_1 e_1_2_7_50_1 e_1_2_7_71_1 e_1_2_7_31_1 e_1_2_7_23_1 e_1_2_7_33_1 e_1_2_7_54_1 e_1_2_7_21_1 e_1_2_7_35_1 e_1_2_7_56_1 e_1_2_7_37_1 e_1_2_7_58_1 Iida K. (e_1_2_7_32_1) 1939; 17 Menke W. (e_1_2_7_39_1) 1989 Aki K. (e_1_2_7_4_1) 2002 Glogovsky V. (e_1_2_7_22_1) 2009; 27 e_1_2_7_6_1 e_1_2_7_18_1 e_1_2_7_16_1 e_1_2_7_40_1 e_1_2_7_61_1 e_1_2_7_2_1 e_1_2_7_14_1 e_1_2_7_42_1 e_1_2_7_63_1 Palmer D. (e_1_2_7_52_1) 2008; 26 e_1_2_7_12_1 e_1_2_7_44_1 e_1_2_7_65_1 e_1_2_7_10_1 e_1_2_7_46_1 e_1_2_7_67_1 e_1_2_7_69_1 e_1_2_7_27_1 e_1_2_7_29_1 Gassman F. (e_1_2_7_20_1) 1953; 16 Hagiwara T. (e_1_2_7_25_1) 1939; 17 Barry K.M. (e_1_2_7_5_1) 1967 Palmer D. (e_1_2_7_48_1) 2001 e_1_2_7_72_1 e_1_2_7_51_1 e_1_2_7_70_1 e_1_2_7_30_1 e_1_2_7_53_1 e_1_2_7_24_1 e_1_2_7_55_1 Berry J.E. (e_1_2_7_8_1) 1959; 216 e_1_2_7_34_1 e_1_2_7_57_1 e_1_2_7_36_1 e_1_2_7_59_1 e_1_2_7_38_1 |
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| Snippet | ABSTRACT
Non‐uniqueness occurs with the 1D parametrization of refraction traveltime graphs in the vertical dimension and with the 2D lateral resolution of... Non‐uniqueness occurs with the 1D parametrization of refraction traveltime graphs in the vertical dimension and with the 2D lateral resolution of individual... Non-uniqueness occurs with the 1D parametrization of refraction traveltime graphs in the vertical dimension and with the 2D lateral resolution of individual... |
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| SubjectTerms | Applied geophysics Earth sciences Earth, ocean, space Exact sciences and technology Internal geophysics |
| Title | Non-uniqueness with refraction inversion - a syncline model study |
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