The semantic distance task: Quantifying semantic distance with semantic network path length

Semantic distance is a determining factor in cognitive processes, such as semantic priming, operating upon semantic memory. The main computational approach to compute semantic distance is through latent semantic analysis (LSA). However, objections have been raised against this approach, mainly in it...

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Vydáno v:Journal of experimental psychology. Learning, memory, and cognition Ročník 43; číslo 9; s. 1470
Hlavní autoři: Kenett, Yoed N, Levi, Effi, Anaki, David, Faust, Miriam
Médium: Journal Article
Jazyk:angličtina
Vydáno: United States 01.09.2017
Témata:
Analysis of Variance
Association
Cues
Female
Humans
Judgment
Language Tests
Linear Models
Male
Mental Recall
Models, Psychological
Psycholinguistics
Reaction Time
Semantic Web
Semantics
Young Adult
ISSN:1939-1285, 1939-1285
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Shrnutí:Semantic distance is a determining factor in cognitive processes, such as semantic priming, operating upon semantic memory. The main computational approach to compute semantic distance is through latent semantic analysis (LSA). However, objections have been raised against this approach, mainly in its failure at predicting semantic priming. We propose a novel approach to computing semantic distance, based on network science methodology. Path length in a semantic network represents the amount of steps needed to traverse from 1 word in the network to the other. We examine whether path length can be used as a measure of semantic distance, by investigating how path length affect performance in a semantic relatedness judgment task and recall from memory. Our results show a differential effect on performance: Up to 4 steps separating between word-pairs, participants exhibit an increase in reaction time (RT) and decrease in the percentage of word-pairs judged as related. From 4 steps onward, participants exhibit a significant decrease in RT and the word-pairs are dominantly judged as unrelated. Furthermore, we show that as path length between word-pairs increases, success in free- and cued-recall decreases. Finally, we demonstrate how our measure outperforms computational methods measuring semantic distance (LSA and positive pointwise mutual information) in predicting participants RT and subjective judgments of semantic strength. Thus, we provide a computational alternative to computing semantic distance. Furthermore, this approach addresses key issues in cognitive theory, namely the breadth of the spreading activation process and the effect of semantic distance on memory retrieval. (PsycINFO Database Record
Bibliografie:ObjectType-Article-1
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ISSN:1939-1285
1939-1285
DOI:10.1037/xlm0000391