Enhanced Electrochemical Performance of Ultracentrifugation-Derived nc-Li3VO4/MWCNT Composites for Hybrid Supercapacitors

Nanocrystalline Li3VO4 dispersed within multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) was prepared using an ultracentrifugation (uc) process and electrochemically characterized in Li-containing electrolyte. When charged and discharged down to 0.1 V vs Li, the material reached 330 mAh g–1 (per composite) at...

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Published in:ACS nano Vol. 10; no. 5; pp. 5398 - 5404
Main Authors: Iwama, Etsuro, Kawabata, Nozomi, Nishio, Nagare, Kisu, Kazuaki, Miyamoto, Junichi, Naoi, Wako, Rozier, Patrick, Simon, Patrice, Naoi, Katsuhiko
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Published: United States American Chemical Society 24.05.2016
Subjects:
Chemical Sciences
Engineering Sciences
Material chemistry
Materials
hyperdispersion
initial electrochemical activation
Li3VO4
ultrafast charge storage
varied energy efficiency
ultracentrifugation
ISSN:1936-0851, 1936-086X
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Abstract Nanocrystalline Li3VO4 dispersed within multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) was prepared using an ultracentrifugation (uc) process and electrochemically characterized in Li-containing electrolyte. When charged and discharged down to 0.1 V vs Li, the material reached 330 mAh g–1 (per composite) at an average voltage of about 1.0 V vs Li, with more than 50% capacity retention at a high current density of 20 A g–1. This current corresponds to a nearly 500C rate (7.2 s) for a porous carbon electrode normally used in electric double-layer capacitor devices (1C = 40 mA g–1 per activated carbon). The irreversible structure transformation during the first lithiation, assimilated as an activation process, was elucidated by careful investigation of in operando X-ray diffraction and X-ray absorption fine structure measurements. The activation process switches the reaction mechanism from a slow “two-phase” to a fast “solid-solution” in a limited voltage range (2.5–0.76 V vs Li), still keeping the capacity as high as 115 mAh g–1 (per composite). The uc-Li3VO4 composite operated in this potential range after the activation process allows fast Li+ intercalation/deintercalation with a small voltage hysteresis, leading to higher energy efficiency. It offers a promising alternative to replace high-rate Li4Ti5O12 electrodes in hybrid supercapacitor applications.
AbstractList Nanocrystalline Li3VO4 dispersed within multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) was prepared using an ultracentrifugation (uc) process and electrochemically characterized in Li-containing electrolyte. When charged and discharged down to 0.1 V vs Li, the material reached 330 mAh g–1 (per composite) at an average voltage of about 1.0 V vs Li, with more than 50% capacity retention at a high current density of 20 A g–1. This current corresponds to a nearly 500C rate (7.2 s) for a porous carbon electrode normally used in electric double-layer capacitor devices (1C = 40 mA g–1 per activated carbon). The irreversible structure transformation during the first lithiation, assimilated as an activation process, was elucidated by careful investigation of in operando X-ray diffraction and X-ray absorption fine structure measurements. The activation process switches the reaction mechanism from a slow “two-phase” to a fast “solid-solution” in a limited voltage range (2.5–0.76 V vs Li), still keeping the capacity as high as 115 mAh g–1 (per composite). The uc-Li3VO4 composite operated in this potential range after the activation process allows fast Li+ intercalation/deintercalation with a small voltage hysteresis, leading to higher energy efficiency. It offers a promising alternative to replace high-rate Li4Ti5O12 electrodes in hybrid supercapacitor applications.
Author Iwama, Etsuro
Kawabata, Nozomi
Nishio, Nagare
Kisu, Kazuaki
Simon, Patrice
Miyamoto, Junichi
Naoi, Katsuhiko
Rozier, Patrick
Naoi, Wako
AuthorAffiliation Tokyo University of Agriculture & Technology
Global Innovation Research Organization
Advanced Capacitor Research Center
Department of Applied Chemistry
Division of Art and Innovative Technologies
CIRIMAT
Université de Toulouse, CNRS, INPT, UPS
K&W Inc
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Issue 5
Keywords hyperdispersion
initial electrochemical activation
Li3VO4
ultrafast charge storage
varied energy efficiency
ultracentrifugation
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Snippet Nanocrystalline Li3VO4 dispersed within multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) was prepared using an ultracentrifugation (uc) process and electrochemically...
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Title Enhanced Electrochemical Performance of Ultracentrifugation-Derived nc-Li3VO4/MWCNT Composites for Hybrid Supercapacitors
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