Construction of deep tunnel shafts in Mexico city soft clays by the flotation method
The drainage system of Mexico City, one of the largest metropolitan areas in the world, is formed by a large network of interceptors and collectors leading to the main outlet: a 49.3-km-long tunnel with a 6.5 m diameter. To build the access shafts to the tunnels of the system and the deep sumps of t...
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| Published in: | Acta geotechnica Vol. 5; no. 1; pp. 63 - 68 |
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| Language: | English |
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01.04.2010
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| ISSN: | 1861-1125, 1861-1133 |
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| Abstract | The drainage system of Mexico City, one of the largest metropolitan areas in the world, is formed by a large network of interceptors and collectors leading to the main outlet: a 49.3-km-long tunnel with a 6.5 m diameter. To build the access shafts to the tunnels of the system and the deep sumps of the pumping stations in the very soft clays of the lacustrine area of Mexico valley, a technique known as “flotation method” has been commonly used since 1969. The paper presents the main construction steps followed and some aspects of the analysis and design of shafts constructed by this technique. The experience gained obtained after more than 30 shafts have been constructed by this method, and the actual trends in its application are also discussed. |
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| AbstractList | The drainage system of Mexico City, one of the largest metropolitan areas in the world, is formed by a large network of interceptors and collectors leading to the main outlet: a 49.3-km-long tunnel with a 6.5m diameter. To build the access shafts to the tunnels of the system and the deep sumps of the pumping stations in the very soft clays of the lacustrine area of Mexico valley, a technique known as 'flotation method' has been commonly used since 1969. The paper presents the main construction steps followed and some aspects of the analysis and design of shafts constructed by this technique. The experience gained obtained after more than 30 shafts have been constructed by this method, and the actual trends in its application are also discussed. The drainage system of Mexico City, one of the largest metropolitan areas in the world, is formed by a large network of interceptors and collectors leading to the main outlet: a 49.3-km-long tunnel with a 6.5 m diameter. To build the access shafts to the tunnels of the system and the deep sumps of the pumping stations in the very soft clays of the lacustrine area of Mexico valley, a technique known as "flotation method" has been commonly used since 1969. The paper presents the main construction steps followed and some aspects of the analysis and design of shafts constructed by this technique. The experience gained obtained after more than 30 shafts have been constructed by this method, and the actual trends in its application are also discussed.[PUBLICATION ABSTRACT] The drainage system of Mexico City, one of the largest metropolitan areas in the world, is formed by a large network of interceptors and collectors leading to the main outlet: a 49.3-km-long tunnel with a 6.5 m diameter. To build the access shafts to the tunnels of the system and the deep sumps of the pumping stations in the very soft clays of the lacustrine area of Mexico valley, a technique known as “flotation method” has been commonly used since 1969. The paper presents the main construction steps followed and some aspects of the analysis and design of shafts constructed by this technique. The experience gained obtained after more than 30 shafts have been constructed by this method, and the actual trends in its application are also discussed. |
| Author | Auvinet-Guichard, Gabriel Rodríguez-Rebolledo, Juan F. Rangel-Núñez, José L. |
| Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: Gabriel surname: Auvinet-Guichard fullname: Auvinet-Guichard, Gabriel email: gauvinetg@iingen.unam.mx organization: Instituto de Ingeniería, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México – sequence: 2 givenname: Juan F. surname: Rodríguez-Rebolledo fullname: Rodríguez-Rebolledo, Juan F. organization: Instituto de Ingeniería, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México – sequence: 3 givenname: José L. surname: Rangel-Núñez fullname: Rangel-Núñez, José L. organization: Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana |
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| Keywords | Finite element method Flotation method 2D and 3D modeling Tunneling Deep tunnel shafts Excavation stability Construction procedure Uplift failure |
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| References | MarsalRJMazariMThe subsoil of Mexico city1975MéxicoEngineering Faculty, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México Moreno A (1991) Lumbreras y Túneles en suelos, Experiencias innovadoras en la Ingeniería Mexicana (Shafts and Tunnels in soils, Innovative experiences in Mexican Engineering). Lecture for admission to the Mexican Academy of Engineering. Mexican Academy of Engineering, México Auvinet G, Rodríguez JF (2004) Análisis de lumbreras cilíndricas sometidas a cargas locales (Analysis of shafts subjected to local loads). In: Proceedings, XXIIth National Soil Mechanics Meeting, Sociedad Mexicana de Mecánica de Suelos, vol. 2, Guadalajara, México, pp 317–322 Santoyo E, Sánchez B (1992) Una técnica de construcción de cárcamos profundos en suelos blandos (A construction technique of deep sumps in soft soils). In: Proceedings, XVIth National soil mechanics meeting, Sociedad Mexicana de Mecánica de suelos, vol. 1, Zacatecas, Mexico, pp 71–79 Gobierno del Distrito Federal: Reglamento de Construcciones para el Distrito Federal (Mexico City building code), Gaceta Oficial del Distrito Federal (2004) January 29th, México, and Gobierno del Distrito Federal: Normas técnicas para diseño y construcción de cimentaciones (Complementary technical norms for design and construction of foundations), Gaceta Oficial del Distrito Federal, Décima Cuarta Época, Octubre 6, vol. 1–103bis, México Alberro J, Auvinet G (1984) Construcción de estaciones de Metro a gran profundidad en las arcillas del Valle de México (Construction of deep subway stations in Mexico valley clays), Technical Report to COVITUR, December, México Arias F (1997) Confiabilidad de trincheras estabilizadas con lodo (Reliability of slurry trenches). Master degree thesis, División de Estudios de Posgrado de la Facultad de Ingeniería, UNAM, México WilsonEStructural analysis of axisymmetric solidsAm Inst Aeronaut Astronaut J19653-1222692273 NashJKTLJonesGKThe support of trenches using fluid mud, Grouts and drilling muds in engineering practice1963LondonButterworths177180 HejaziYDiasDKastnerRImpact of constitutive models on the numerical analysis of underground constructionsActa Geotech2008325125810.1007/s11440-008-0056-1 E Wilson (115_CR10) 1965; 3-12 RJ Marsal (115_CR6) 1975 115_CR9 JKTL Nash (115_CR8) 1963 115_CR7 115_CR2 115_CR1 115_CR4 Y Hejazi (115_CR5) 2008; 3 115_CR3 |
| References_xml | – reference: WilsonEStructural analysis of axisymmetric solidsAm Inst Aeronaut Astronaut J19653-1222692273 – reference: NashJKTLJonesGKThe support of trenches using fluid mud, Grouts and drilling muds in engineering practice1963LondonButterworths177180 – reference: HejaziYDiasDKastnerRImpact of constitutive models on the numerical analysis of underground constructionsActa Geotech2008325125810.1007/s11440-008-0056-1 – reference: Auvinet G, Rodríguez JF (2004) Análisis de lumbreras cilíndricas sometidas a cargas locales (Analysis of shafts subjected to local loads). In: Proceedings, XXIIth National Soil Mechanics Meeting, Sociedad Mexicana de Mecánica de Suelos, vol. 2, Guadalajara, México, pp 317–322 – reference: Alberro J, Auvinet G (1984) Construcción de estaciones de Metro a gran profundidad en las arcillas del Valle de México (Construction of deep subway stations in Mexico valley clays), Technical Report to COVITUR, December, México – reference: Gobierno del Distrito Federal: Reglamento de Construcciones para el Distrito Federal (Mexico City building code), Gaceta Oficial del Distrito Federal (2004) January 29th, México, and Gobierno del Distrito Federal: Normas técnicas para diseño y construcción de cimentaciones (Complementary technical norms for design and construction of foundations), Gaceta Oficial del Distrito Federal, Décima Cuarta Época, Octubre 6, vol. 1–103bis, México – reference: MarsalRJMazariMThe subsoil of Mexico city1975MéxicoEngineering Faculty, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México – reference: Moreno A (1991) Lumbreras y Túneles en suelos, Experiencias innovadoras en la Ingeniería Mexicana (Shafts and Tunnels in soils, Innovative experiences in Mexican Engineering). Lecture for admission to the Mexican Academy of Engineering. Mexican Academy of Engineering, México – reference: Santoyo E, Sánchez B (1992) Una técnica de construcción de cárcamos profundos en suelos blandos (A construction technique of deep sumps in soft soils). In: Proceedings, XVIth National soil mechanics meeting, Sociedad Mexicana de Mecánica de suelos, vol. 1, Zacatecas, Mexico, pp 71–79 – reference: Arias F (1997) Confiabilidad de trincheras estabilizadas con lodo (Reliability of slurry trenches). Master degree thesis, División de Estudios de Posgrado de la Facultad de Ingeniería, UNAM, México – ident: 115_CR3 – volume-title: The subsoil of Mexico city year: 1975 ident: 115_CR6 – ident: 115_CR4 – ident: 115_CR1 – ident: 115_CR2 – volume: 3 start-page: 251 year: 2008 ident: 115_CR5 publication-title: Acta Geotech doi: 10.1007/s11440-008-0056-1 – ident: 115_CR7 – start-page: 177 volume-title: The support of trenches using fluid mud, Grouts and drilling muds in engineering practice year: 1963 ident: 115_CR8 – ident: 115_CR9 – volume: 3-12 start-page: 2269 year: 1965 ident: 115_CR10 publication-title: Am Inst Aeronaut Astronaut J doi: 10.2514/3.3356 |
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| SubjectTerms | Clay Complex Fluids and Microfluidics Drainage Drainage systems Engineering Excavation Finite element analysis Flotation Foundations Geoengineering Geotechnical Engineering & Applied Earth Sciences Geotechnology Hydraulics Metropolitan areas Pumping stations Pumps Research Paper Soft and Granular Matter Soil Science & Conservation Solid Mechanics Tunnels Underground construction |
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| Title | Construction of deep tunnel shafts in Mexico city soft clays by the flotation method |
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