Long-term behaviour of complex underground structures in evaporitic rock mass – Experiences gained from calculations and geotechnical observations

The assessment of the stability of underground structures is an interdisciplinary effort combining tasks from various special fields. In addition to geotechnical engineering and geology, hydrogeology in particular plays a major role in the determination of long-term behaviour of the structure and th...

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Published in:	Tunnelling and underground space technology Vol. 78; pp. 159 - 167
Main Authors:	Gschwandtner, Gunter G., Galler, Robert
Format:	Journal Article
Language:	English
Published:	Oxford Elsevier Ltd 01.08.2018 Elsevier BV
Subjects:	Computer simulation Geotechnical engineering Geotechnics Geotechnology Groundwater Gypsum Hydrogeology Leaching Mathematical models Monitoring Numerical simulation Rain water Risk assessment Rocks Simulation Stability analysis Structural engineering Surface area Surface stability Surveying Underground construction Underground mines Underground structure Underground structures Numerical simulation Geotechnics Underground structure
ISSN:	0886-7798, 1878-4364
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Abstract	The assessment of the stability of underground structures is an interdisciplinary effort combining tasks from various special fields. In addition to geotechnical engineering and geology, hydrogeology in particular plays a major role in the determination of long-term behaviour of the structure and the surface area. With regards to the stability of underground structures in evaporitic rock mass, a non-negligible factor is the influence of water, both rainwater and groundwater. The resulting leaching process affects the surrounding rock mass, gradually reducing its strength. The first part of this paper presents an approach for the determination of long-term behaviour of a complex underground structure based on an underground gypsum mine. For this purpose a numerical model was developed, which is based on the geological, hydrogeological and geotechnical conditions, including an implementation of the leaching process. Based on the calculation result a geotechnical monitoring program was developed to observe the long-term behaviour. The second part of this paper presents the aggregated data from a surveying period of four years and compares it with the simulation results. The information gained from the prediction of the long-term behaviour and the regular comparison with the result of the long-term monitoring program can provide a basis for risk evaluation, making it possible to reduce potential risks for the surface area at an early stage, especially in inhabited areas.
AbstractList	The assessment of the stability of underground structures is an interdisciplinary effort combining tasks from various special fields. In addition to geotechnical engineering and geology, hydrogeology in particular plays a major role in the determination of long-term behaviour of the structure and the surface area. With regards to the stability of underground structures in evaporitic rock mass, a non-negligible factor is the influence of water, both rainwater and groundwater. The resulting leaching process affects the surrounding rock mass, gradually reducing its strength. The first part of this paper presents an approach for the determination of long-term behaviour of a complex underground structure based on an underground gypsum mine. For this purpose a numerical model was developed, which is based on the geological, hydrogeological and geotechnical conditions, including an implementation of the leaching process. Based on the calculation result a geotechnical monitoring program was developed to observe the long-term behaviour. The second part of this paper presents the aggregated data from a surveying period of four years and compares it with the simulation results. The information gained from the prediction of the long-term behaviour and the regular comparison with the result of the long-term monitoring program can provide a basis for risk evaluation, making it possible to reduce potential risks for the surface area at an early stage, especially in inhabited areas. The assessment of the stability of underground structures is an interdisciplinary effort combining tasks from various special fields. In addition to geotechnical engineering and geology, hydrogeology in particular plays a major role in the determination of long-term behaviour of the structure and the surface area. With regards to the stability of underground structures in evaporitic rock mass, a non-negligible factor is the influence of water, both rainwater and groundwater. The resulting leaching process affects the surrounding rock mass, gradually reducing its strength. The first part of this paper presents an approach for the determination of long-term behaviour of a complex underground structure based on an underground gypsum mine. For this purpose a numerical model was developed, which is based on the geological, hydrogeological and geotechnical conditions, including an implementation of the leaching process. Based on the calculation result a geotechnical monitoring program was developed to observe the long-term behaviour. The second part of this paper presents the aggregated data from a surveying period of four years and compares it with the simulation results. The information gained from the prediction of the long-term behaviour and the regular comparison with the result of the long-term monitoring program can provide a basis for risk evaluation, making it possible to reduce potential risks for the surface area at an early stage, especially in inhabited areas.
Author	Gschwandtner, Gunter G. Galler, Robert
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SubjectTerms	Computer simulation Geotechnical engineering Geotechnics Geotechnology Groundwater Gypsum Hydrogeology Leaching Mathematical models Monitoring Numerical simulation Rain water Risk assessment Rocks Simulation Stability analysis Structural engineering Surface area Surface stability Surveying Underground construction Underground mines Underground structure Underground structures
Title	Long-term behaviour of complex underground structures in evaporitic rock mass – Experiences gained from calculations and geotechnical observations
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