Screening for Latent Tuberculosis Infection in Adults: US Preventive Services Task Force Recommendation Statement

In the US, tuberculosis remains an important preventable disease, including active tuberculosis, which may be infectious, and latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI), which is asymptomatic and not infectious but can later progress to active disease. The precise prevalence rate of LTBI in the US is diff...

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Published in:	JAMA : the journal of the American Medical Association Vol. 329; no. 17; p. 1487
Main Authors:	Mangione, Carol M, Barry, Michael J, Nicholson, Wanda K, Cabana, Michael, Chelmow, David, Coker, Tumaini Rucker, Davis, Esa M, Donahue, Katrina E, Jaén, Carlos Roberto, Li, Li, Ogedegbe, Gbenga, Rao, Goutham, Ruiz, John M, Stevermer, James, Underwood, Sandra Millon, Wong, John B
Format:	Journal Article
Language:	English
Published:	United States 02.05.2023
Subjects:	Adult Humans Latent Tuberculosis - complications Latent Tuberculosis - diagnosis Latent Tuberculosis - epidemiology Latent Tuberculosis - etiology Mass Screening - adverse effects Mass Screening - methods Risk Assessment Social Determinants of Health - statistics & numerical data Tuberculosis - epidemiology Tuberculosis - etiology Tuberculosis - prevention & control United States - epidemiology United States
ISSN:	1538-3598, 1538-3598
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Abstract	In the US, tuberculosis remains an important preventable disease, including active tuberculosis, which may be infectious, and latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI), which is asymptomatic and not infectious but can later progress to active disease. The precise prevalence rate of LTBI in the US is difficult to determine; however, estimated prevalence is about 5.0%, or up to 13 million persons. Incidence of tuberculosis varies by geography and living accommodations, suggesting an association with social determinants of health. To update its 2016 recommendation, the US Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) commissioned a systematic review on LTBI screening and treatment in asymptomatic adults seen in primary care, as well as the accuracy of LTBI screening tests. Asymptomatic adults 18 years or older at increased risk for tuberculosis. The USPSTF concludes with moderate certainty that there is a moderate net benefit in preventing active tuberculosis disease by screening for LTBI in persons at increased risk for tuberculosis infection. The USPSTF recommends screening for LTBI in populations at increased risk. (B recommendation).
AbstractList	In the US, tuberculosis remains an important preventable disease, including active tuberculosis, which may be infectious, and latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI), which is asymptomatic and not infectious but can later progress to active disease. The precise prevalence rate of LTBI in the US is difficult to determine; however, estimated prevalence is about 5.0%, or up to 13 million persons. Incidence of tuberculosis varies by geography and living accommodations, suggesting an association with social determinants of health.ImportanceIn the US, tuberculosis remains an important preventable disease, including active tuberculosis, which may be infectious, and latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI), which is asymptomatic and not infectious but can later progress to active disease. The precise prevalence rate of LTBI in the US is difficult to determine; however, estimated prevalence is about 5.0%, or up to 13 million persons. Incidence of tuberculosis varies by geography and living accommodations, suggesting an association with social determinants of health.To update its 2016 recommendation, the US Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) commissioned a systematic review on LTBI screening and treatment in asymptomatic adults seen in primary care, as well as the accuracy of LTBI screening tests.ObjectiveTo update its 2016 recommendation, the US Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) commissioned a systematic review on LTBI screening and treatment in asymptomatic adults seen in primary care, as well as the accuracy of LTBI screening tests.Asymptomatic adults 18 years or older at increased risk for tuberculosis.PopulationAsymptomatic adults 18 years or older at increased risk for tuberculosis.The USPSTF concludes with moderate certainty that there is a moderate net benefit in preventing active tuberculosis disease by screening for LTBI in persons at increased risk for tuberculosis infection.Evidence AssessmentThe USPSTF concludes with moderate certainty that there is a moderate net benefit in preventing active tuberculosis disease by screening for LTBI in persons at increased risk for tuberculosis infection.The USPSTF recommends screening for LTBI in populations at increased risk. (B recommendation).RecommendationThe USPSTF recommends screening for LTBI in populations at increased risk. (B recommendation). In the US, tuberculosis remains an important preventable disease, including active tuberculosis, which may be infectious, and latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI), which is asymptomatic and not infectious but can later progress to active disease. The precise prevalence rate of LTBI in the US is difficult to determine; however, estimated prevalence is about 5.0%, or up to 13 million persons. Incidence of tuberculosis varies by geography and living accommodations, suggesting an association with social determinants of health. To update its 2016 recommendation, the US Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) commissioned a systematic review on LTBI screening and treatment in asymptomatic adults seen in primary care, as well as the accuracy of LTBI screening tests. Asymptomatic adults 18 years or older at increased risk for tuberculosis. The USPSTF concludes with moderate certainty that there is a moderate net benefit in preventing active tuberculosis disease by screening for LTBI in persons at increased risk for tuberculosis infection. The USPSTF recommends screening for LTBI in populations at increased risk. (B recommendation).
Author	Jaén, Carlos Roberto Li, Li Cabana, Michael Rao, Goutham Barry, Michael J Donahue, Katrina E Ogedegbe, Gbenga Nicholson, Wanda K Mangione, Carol M Coker, Tumaini Rucker Davis, Esa M Stevermer, James Ruiz, John M Chelmow, David Underwood, Sandra Millon Wong, John B
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SubjectTerms	Adult Humans Latent Tuberculosis - complications Latent Tuberculosis - diagnosis Latent Tuberculosis - epidemiology Latent Tuberculosis - etiology Mass Screening - adverse effects Mass Screening - methods Risk Assessment Social Determinants of Health - statistics & numerical data Tuberculosis - epidemiology Tuberculosis - etiology Tuberculosis - prevention & control United States - epidemiology
Title	Screening for Latent Tuberculosis Infection in Adults: US Preventive Services Task Force Recommendation Statement
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