Media ownership and control law, economics and policy in an Indian and international context (Hart studies in competition law)
As academics, lawyers, businesses, regulators and policy-makers in India cast a glance at the international experience, this book examines the legal, economic and policy issues relating to regulation of ownership and control of media markets.
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| Hlavní autori: | , |
|---|---|
| Médium: | E-kniha Kniha |
| Jazyk: | English |
| Vydavateľské údaje: |
Oxford, U.K
Hart Publishing
2014
Hart Pub Bloomsbury Publishing Plc |
| Vydanie: | 1st ed. |
| Edícia: | Hart studies in competition law |
| Predmet: | |
| ISBN: | 9781782254577, 1849466351, 9781849466356, 1782254579, 9781509913893, 1509913890 |
| On-line prístup: | Získať plný text |
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| Abstract | As academics, lawyers, businesses, regulators and policy-makers in India cast a glance at the international experience, this book examines the legal, economic and policy issues relating to regulation of ownership and control of media markets. |
|---|---|
| AbstractList | Competition and diversity in media and communications are fundamental to a healthy economy and democracy. In India and internationally there is no consensus on the exact manner and scope of interventions that are appropriate to protect competition and pluralism in media markets. Many emerging economies including India are seeking to adopt their own regulation in this area taking their lead from the UK. The issues have been brought into sharp focus in India in recent years. First, the enactment and implementation of modern - but sector neutral - competition law under the Competition Act 2002 has caused a step change in regulation towards an economics and effects-based approach. Second, in 2013 the India telecoms regulator launched controversial reform proposals to apply a media-specific approach to ownership regulation.As academics, lawyers, businesses, regulators and policy-makers in India cast a glance at the international experience, this book examines the legal, economic and policy issues relating to regulation of ownership and control of media markets. The focus of comparative assessment is on examples from the European Union, EU Member States and the US. As academics, lawyers, businesses, regulators and policy-makers in India cast a glance at the international experience, this book examines the legal, economic and policy issues relating to regulation of ownership and control of media markets. Competition and diversity in media and communications are fundamental to a healthy economy and democracy. In India and internationally there is no consensus on the exact manner and scope of interventions that are appropriate to protect competition and pluralism in media markets. Many emerging economies including India are seeking to adopt their own regulation in this area taking their lead from the UK. The issues have been brought into sharp focus in India in recent years. First, the enactment and implementation of modern - but sector neutral - competition law under the Competition Act 2002 has caused a step change in regulation towards an economics and effects-based approach. Second, in 2013 the India telecoms regulator launched controversial reform proposals to apply a media-specific approach to ownership regulation. As academics, lawyers, businesses, regulators and policy-makers in India cast a glance at the international experience, this book examines the legal, economic and policy issues relating to regulation of ownership and control of media markets. The focus of comparative assessment is on examples from the European Union, EU Member States and the US. |
| Author | Rab, Suzanne Sprague, Alison |
| Author_xml | – sequence: 1 fullname: Rab, Suzanne – sequence: 2 fullname: Sprague, Alison |
| BackLink | https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1130282269861906048$$DView record in CiNii |
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| Notes | Includes bibliographical references (p. [276]-279) and index |
| OCLC | 897376679 |
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| PublicationDate | 2014. 2014 2016 2014-08-01 2014-12-01 |
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| PublicationSeriesTitle | Hart studies in competition law |
| PublicationYear | 2014 2016 |
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| Snippet | As academics, lawyers, businesses, regulators and policy-makers in India cast a glance at the international experience, this book examines the legal, economic... Competition and diversity in media and communications are fundamental to a healthy economy and democracy. In India and internationally there is no consensus on... |
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| SubjectTerms | Antitrust law Antitrust law -- India Asian Law Competition Law Distribute Academic to Retail and Library European Law India Information Technology Law Law Law and legislation Mass media Mass media -- Law and legislation Mass media -- Law and legislation -- India Mass media policy Mass media policy -- India Media Law |
| SubjectTermsDisplay | Asian Law Competition Law Distribute Academic to Retail and Library European Law Information Technology Law Law Media Law |
| Subtitle | law, economics and policy in an Indian and international context (Hart studies in competition law) |
| TableOfContents | Media ownership and control: law, economics and policy in an Indian and international context (Hart studies in competition law) -- Prologue -- Acknowledgements -- Table of Contents -- Biographies -- List of Tables and Figures -- Table of Cases -- Table of Legislation -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Achieving Policy Objectives -- 3. Market Delineation and Definition in Media -- 4. Competition Law -- 5. Media Ownership and Control -- 6. Vertical Integration -- 7. Cable Sector: Competition and Regulation in an International Comparative Perspective -- 8. The Impact of the Internet -- 9. Shaping the Future Regulatory Agenda in India and Internationally -- 10. Conclusions and Implications for Policy -- Appendix 1: Achieving Policy Objectives -- Appendix 3: Newspapers: The Story of the UK Regional Press -- Appendix 4: Cable Country Reviews -- Appendix 5: Online Behaviour in India -- Appendix 6: Media and Communications Regulatory Reform Internationally Supplementary Material -- Bibliography -- Glossary -- Index. 3.5.2 Demand-side Considerations -- 3.5.3 Geographic Boundaries -- 3.5.4 Divergent Approaches -- 3.5.5 Limits of Precedent -- 3.5.6 Effect on Market Participants and the Quest for Predictability -- 3.6 Case Study: Market Definition under the EU Communications Regulatory Framework -- 3.6.1 The EU Regulatory Framework: Introduction -- 3.6.2 Evolving Approach -- 3.6.3 Some Remaining Difficulties -- 3.7 Towards a Coherent Framework for Market Analysis in the Media and Communications Sector? -- 4. Competition Law -- 4.1 Introduction -- 4.2 Agreements -- 4.2.1 Indian Competition applied to Cartel-like Behaviour in the Media Sector -- 4.2.2 The Concept of an 'Appreciable Adverse Effect' on Competition has been Construed Widely to Capture Local and Regional Effects -- 4.3 Abuse of Dominance -- 4.3.1 Challenges of applying Competition Law in the Media and Communications Sector -- 4.3.2 No General Exception for Protection of IPR -- 4.3.3 Indian Competition Law has already been applied to Abuse of Dominance in the Media and Communications Sector -- 4.3.4 Complaints-led Cases -- 4.3.5 International Dimension -- 4.4 Initial Conclusions -- 5. Media Ownership and Control -- 5.1 Introduction -- 5.2 Protecting Competitiveness and Pluralism -- 5.2.1 What is Pluralism or Plurality? -- 5.2.2 Relationship between Pluralism and Competition Law -- 5.2.3 Initial Conclusions on Competition and Plurality Tests -- 5.3 Indian Merger Control in the Media and Communications Sector -- 5.3.1 Introduction -- 5.3.2 Indian Merger Reviews in Media and Communications -- 5.3.3 Merger Control and Minority Interests -- 5.3.4 Cases Involving Corporate Restructurings -- 5.3.5 Ongoing Development of the Indian Competition Law and Merger Control Framework -- 5.4 Comparative Survey of Regulatory Models -- 5.4.1 Methodology -- 5.4.2 Countries Surveyed -- 5.4.3 Regime Type -- 5.5 Case Studies 10.2.5 Ensure that the Identification of Specific Market Failures or Concerns is based on Robust Economic and Empirical Evidence rather than a Perceived 'Problem' -- 10.2.6 Mitigate the Risk of Political Capture -- 10.2.7 Maintain Diverse Expertise among Bodies likely to hear Relevant Cases -- 10.2.8 Build and Strengthen Alliances with all Interest Groups affected by Competition Law and Regulation -- 10.2.9 Develop Cooperation with Regulators Globally -- 10.2.10 Maintain a Dynamic Approach -- Appendix 1: Achieving Policy Objectives -- Appendix 2: Media Ownership and Merger Control -- Appendix 3: Newspapers: The Story of the UK Regional Press -- Appendix 4: Cable Country Reviews -- Appendix 5: Online Behaviour in India -- Appendix 6: Media and Communications Regulatory Reform Internationally Supplementary Material -- Bibliography -- Glossary -- Index Cover -- Half-title -- Title -- Copyright -- Prologue -- Acknowledgements -- Contents -- Biographies -- List of Tables and Figures -- Table of Cases -- Table of Legislation -- 1. Introduction -- 1.1 The Context: Market, Legal and Regulatory Trends Shaping the Media and Communications Sector in India and Internationally -- 1.2 Why Focus on Ownership and Control? -- 1.3 Scope -- 1.4 Sources of Further Information -- 2. Achieving Policy Objectives -- 2.1 Introduction -- 2.2 Guiding Principles -- 2.3 Instruments of Competition and Regulatory Policy-Mapping out the Landscape -- 2.4 Competition Law -- 2.5 Sector Regulation -- 2.6 Merger Control -- 2.7 Convergence -- 2.8 'Technology Neutral' -- 2.9 Regulation: Sector-specific vs Competition Law -- 2.10 EU Experience -- 2.11 Allocation of Competences between Sector Regulator and Competition Authority -- 2.11.1 Regulatory 'Models' -- 2.11.2 Indian Experience -- 2.11.3 UK Experience -- 2.12 Restrictions on Competition -- 2.13 Market Power -- 2.14 Conclusions and Implications for Policy -- 3. Market Delineation and Definition in Media -- 3.1 Introduction -- 3.2 The Role of Market Definition in Competition Analysis -- 3.3 The Role of the Consumer in Media Regulation Debates -- 3.3.1 The Consumer and Different Types of Regulation -- 3.3.2 The Consumer vs the Citizen -- 3.3.3 Rationale for Regulation -- 3.4 Challenges in Identifying Relevant Markets in the Media Sector -- 3.4.1 Market Definition and the New Media -- 3.4.2 Market Definition in Fast-moving Markets -- 3.4.3 Limitations of the SSNIP Test -- 3.4.4 Products and Services -- 3.4.5 Identifying the Limits of Convergence -- 3.4.6 Relationship with Public Interest and Plurality -- 3.4.7 The Social Dimension and Information Gap -- 3.4.8 A Lot at Stake -- 3.5 Between Theory and Pragmatism: Identifying Relevant Markets in Practice -- 3.5.1 Information Limits 5.5.1 Model A: No Media Ownership Rules and Sole Application of Competition Rules in Merger Control -- 5.5.2 Model B: Media Ownership Rules and Sole Application of Competition Rules in Merger Control -- 5.5.3 Model C: Media Ownership Rules and Modified Application of Competition Rules in Merger Control -- 5.6 The Ongoing Debate on Media Plurality -- 5.6.1 Academic Perspectives -- 5.6.2 Regulatory Policy Perspectives -- 5.7 Newspapers-A Special Case? -- 5.7.1 Background -- 5.7.2 Drivers of Consolidation -- 5.7.3 Paid News, Politics and Pluralism -- 5.7.4 Emerging Insights from the UK -- 5.8 Conclusions and Implications for Policy -- 6. Vertical Integration -- 6.1 Introduction -- 6.2 A Schematic of the Media Value Chain -- 6.3 Vertical Integration in an Economic Context -- 6.3.1 Three Phases of Economic and Competition Policy Thought -- 6.3.2 A Last Preliminary: Vertical Integration and Vertical Restraints -- 6.3.3 The Treatment of Vertical Restraints under Indian Competition Law -- 6.3.4 Economic Reasoning of Vertical Integration: The Initial Sceptical View -- 6.3.5 Efficiency Gain of Vertical Integration: Avoiding Double Marginalisation -- 6.3.6 More Nuanced Post-Chicago View -- 6.3.7 Efficiency Gain of Vertical Integration: Flexibility to Technological Change -- 6.4 Vertical Competition Issues in Mergers in the Media and Communications Sector -- 6.4.1 Access to Content -- 6.4.2 Access to Infrastructure -- 6.4.3 Leverage -- 6.4.4 Network Effects -- 6.4.5 Removal of a Maverick -- 6.5 Vertical Integration and Merger Remedies -- 6.5.1 Remedies Typology -- 6.5.2 EU Experience -- 6.5.3 US Experience -- 6.6 Conclusions and Implications for Policy -- 7. Cable Sector: Competition and Regulation in an International Comparative Perspective -- 7.1 Introduction -- 7.2 Economic, Competition and Regulatory Perspectives 7.2.1 Structure of the Broadcasting Industry -- 7.2.2 Theories of Regulation -- 7.2.3 Dealing with Market Power -- 7.2.4 Access Issues -- 7.2.5 Merger Regulation -- 7.2.6 Public Interest -- 7.2.7 Convergence -- 7.3 Regime Comparison -- 7.4 Conclusions and Implications for Policy -- 8. The Impact of the Internet -- 8.1 Introduction -- 8.2 Online's Stage of Development -- 8.3 Effect of the Internet on Media -- 8.4 Case Study: News -- 8.4.1 News Provision -- 8.4.2 News Consumption -- 8.5 Conclusions and Implications for Policy -- 9. Shaping the Future Regulatory Agenda in India and Internationally -- 9.1 Introduction: Ongoing Consultation and Debate on the Shape of Media and Communications Regulation Internationally -- 9.2 Indian Experience and Recent TRAI Consultations -- 9.2.1 Consultation on Media Cross-ownership -- 9.2.2 Consultation on Monopoly and Market Dominance in Cable TV services -- 9.3 EU Experience: Towards Pan-European Regulation of Plurality? -- 9.4 UK Experience: Where do we Stand after Newscorp/BSkyB and Leveson? -- 9.4.1 Ofcom Review of Plurality -- 9.4.2 Ongoing Consultation-House of Lords Select Committee Call for Evidence -- 9.5 Australian Experience: Media Reform Tried, Tested and Failed -- 9.5.1 Proposed Reforms -- 9.5.2 Summary of the Proposed Reforms -- 9.6 US Experience: How to Measure Media Diversity? -- 9.7 Conclusion -- 10. Conclusions and Implications for Policy -- 10.1 Introduction -- 10.2 Ten Recommendations for Competitive and Diverse Media Markets -- 10.2.1 Develop a Strong Law that Respects Legal and Economic Principles -- 10.2.2 Stay Vigilant to Competition Issues -- 10.2.3 Recognise the Role of Market Definition in all its (Product, Geographic, Temporal and Innovation) Dimensions -- 10.2.4 Question and Test Traditional Approaches in Converging Media and Communications Markets |
| Title | Media ownership and control |
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