Computer Aided Verification 33rd International Conference, CAV 2021, Virtual Event, July 20–23, 2021, Proceedings, Part II

This open access two-volume set LNCS 12759 and 12760 constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 33rd International Conference on Computer Aided Verification, CAV 2021, held virtually in July 2021. The 63 full papers presented together with 16 tool papers and 5 invited papers were carefully reviewed...

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Main Authors: Silva, Alexandra, Leino, K. Rustan M
Format: eBook
Language:English
Published: Cham Springer Nature 2021
Springer International Publishing AG
Edition:1
Series:Lecture Notes in Computer Science; Theoretical Computer Science and General Issues
Subjects:
architecture verification
Artificial intelligence
Computer modelling and simulation
computer programming
Computer programming / software engineering
Computer science
Computing and Information Technology
distributed computer systems
distributed systems
embedded systems
formal logic
formal methods
formal verifications
Mathematical theory of computation
model checker
model checking
signal processing
software architecture
software design
Software Engineering
software quality
ISBN:9783030816889, 3030816885, 9783030816872, 3030816877
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Abstract This open access two-volume set LNCS 12759 and 12760 constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 33rd International Conference on Computer Aided Verification, CAV 2021, held virtually in July 2021. The 63 full papers presented together with 16 tool papers and 5 invited papers were carefully reviewed and selected from 290 submissions. The papers were organized in the following topical sections: Part I: invited papers; AI verification; concurrency and blockchain; hybrid and cyber-physical systems; security; and synthesis. Part II: complexity and termination; decision procedures and solvers; hardware and model checking; logical foundations; and software verification.
AbstractList This open access two-volume set LNCS 12759 and 12760 constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 33rd International Conference on Computer Aided Verification, CAV 2021, held virtually in July 2021. The 63 full papers presented together with 16 tool papers and 5 invited papers were carefully reviewed and selected from 290 submissions. The papers were organized in the following topical sections: Part I: invited papers; AI verification; concurrency and blockchain; hybrid and cyber-physical systems; security; and synthesis. Part II: complexity and termination; decision procedures and solvers; hardware and model checking; logical foundations; and software verification.
Author Leino, K. Rustan M
Silva, Alexandra
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Snippet This open access two-volume set LNCS 12759 and 12760 constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 33rd International Conference on Computer Aided Verification,...
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SubjectTerms architecture verification
Artificial intelligence
Computer modelling and simulation
computer programming
Computer programming / software engineering
Computer science
Computing and Information Technology
distributed computer systems
distributed systems
embedded systems
formal logic
formal methods
formal verifications
Mathematical theory of computation
model checker
model checking
signal processing
software architecture
software design
Software Engineering
software quality
Subtitle 33rd International Conference, CAV 2021, Virtual Event, July 20–23, 2021, Proceedings, Part II
TableOfContents 4.8 W7 - Minimal Hitting Set Duality -- 4.9 W8 - Literal Negation Cover -- 4.10 W9 - Non-extendable Evidence Models -- 4.11 W10 - Enforced Evidence Models -- 4.12 Combining Wrappers and Their Remainders -- 5 Experimental Evaluation -- 5.1 Solved Benchmarks -- 5.2 Scalability W.r.t the MUS Count -- 5.3 Accuracy of Wrappers -- 6 Future Possible Applications of Wrappers and Remainders -- 7 Conclusion and Future Work -- References -- Sound Verification Procedures for Temporal Properties of Infinite-State Systems -- 1 Introduction -- 2 The Cervino Language -- 2.1 Sorts, Relations and Axioms -- 2.2 Events -- 2.3 Commands -- 3 Background on FOLTL -- 3.1 Syntax and Semantics of FOLTL -- 3.2 Bounded Domain Property -- 3.3 Semantics of Cervino -- 4 Basic Transformations -- 4.1 Transforming Equality -- 4.2 Restricted Skolemization -- 4.3 Instantiation -- 4.4 Addressing Transitive Closure and the Between Relation -- 4.5 Geneva Transformation -- 5 TEA: Transforming Existential Quantifiers -- 6 TFC: Transforming Frame Conditions -- 7 TTC: Transforming Reflexive-Transitive Closure -- 8 Evaluation -- 9 Related Work -- 10 Conclusion -- References -- Hardware and Model Checking -- Progress in Certifying Hardware Model Checking Results -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Circuits -- 3 Model Checking -- 4 Certification -- 5 Implementation -- 6 Experiments -- 7 Conclusion -- References -- Model-Checking Structured Context-Free Languages -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Operator Precedence Languages -- 2.1 Operator Precedence Omega-Languages -- 2.2 Modeling Programs with OPA -- 3 POTL: Syntax and Semantics -- 3.1 Expressiveness of POTL -- 4 Model Checking -- 4.1 Model Checking for Omega-Words -- 4.2 Complexity -- 5 Experimental Evaluation -- 6 Conclusions -- References -- Model Checking -Regular Properties with Decoupled Search -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Büchi Automata, Composition and Verification
4 CounterExample-Guided Inductive Synthesis (CEGIS) -- 5 Ranking Function Synthesis -- 5.1 Basic Definitions -- 5.2 Segmentation and (Explicit and Implicit) Cycles: One-Dimensional Case -- 5.3 Segmentation and (Explicit and Implicit) Cycles: Multi-Dimensional Lexicographic Case -- 5.4 Our Decision Tree Learning Algorithm -- 5.5 Improvement by Degenerating Negative Values -- 6 Implementation and Evaluation -- 7 Related Work -- 8 Conclusions and Future Work -- References -- ATLAS: Automated Amortised Complexity Analysis of Self-adjusting Data Structures -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Step by Step to an Automated Analysis of Splaying -- 3 Technical Foundation -- 4 The Road to Automation, Continued -- 4.1 Type Checking -- 4.2 Type Inference -- 5 Implementation -- 5.1 The Three Phases of ATLAS -- 5.2 Details on the Generation of the Constraint System -- 5.3 Optimisation -- 6 Evaluation -- 6.1 Automated Analysis of Splaying et al. -- 6.2 Experimental Results -- 7 Conclusion -- References -- Decision Procedures and Solvers -- Theory Exploration Powered by Deductive Synthesis -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Overview -- 3 Preliminaries -- 3.1 Term Rewriting Systems -- 3.2 Compact Representation Using Equality Graphs -- 4 Theory Synthesis -- 4.1 Term Generation -- 4.2 Conjecture Inference and Screening -- 4.3 Induction Prover -- 4.4 Looping Back -- 5 Evaluation -- 5.1 Evaluating Theory Exploration Quality -- 5.2 Efficacy to Automated Proving -- 6 Related Work -- 7 Conclusion -- References -- CoqQFBV: A Scalable Certified SMT Quantifier-Free Bit-Vector Solver -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Methodology Overview -- 3 Preliminaries -- 4 Bit-Vector Theory -- 5 Theory for SMT QF_BV Queries -- 5.1 Syntax of SMT QF_BV Queries -- 5.2 Semantics of SMT QF_BV Queries -- 5.3 Derived QF_BV Operations and Predicates -- 6 Certified Bit Blasting -- 7 A Certified SMT QF_BV Solver -- 8 Experiments
3 The Decoupled State Space for Composed NBAs
Intro -- Preface -- Organization -- Contents - Part II -- Contents - Part I -- Complexity and Termination -- Learning Probabilistic Termination Proofs -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Termination Analysis of Probabilistic Programs -- 3 Training Neural Ranking Supermartingales -- 4 Verifying Ranking Supermartingales by SMT Solving -- 4.1 From Programs to Symbolic Store Trees -- 4.2 Marginalisation -- 5 Case Studies -- 5.1 Non-linear Program Expressions and NRSMs -- 5.2 Multivariate and Hierarchical Distributions -- 5.3 State-Dependent Distributions and Non-Linear Expectations -- 5.4 Undefined Moments -- 5.5 Rare Transitions -- 6 Experimental Results -- 7 Conclusion -- References -- Ghost Signals: Verifying Termination of Busy Waiting -- 1 Introduction -- 2 A Guide on Verifying Termination of Busy Waiting -- 2.1 Simplest Setting: Thread-Safe Physical Signals -- 2.2 Non-Thread-Safe Physical Signals -- 2.3 Arbitrary Data Structures -- 2.4 Signal Erasure -- 3 A Realistic Example -- 4 Specifying Busy-Waiting Concurrent Objects -- 5 Tool Support -- 6 Integrating Higher-Order Features -- 7 Related and Future Work -- 8 Conclusion -- References -- Reflections on Termination of Linear Loops -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Preliminaries -- 2.1 Transition Systems -- 3 Linear Abstractions of Transition Formulas -- 3.1 Affine Abstractions of Transition Formulas -- 3.2 Reflections via the Dual Space -- 3.3 Determinization -- 3.4 Rational-Spectrum Reflections of DATS -- 4 Asymptotic Analysis of Linear Dynamical Systems -- 5 A Conditional Termination Analysis for Programs -- 6 Evaluation -- 7 Related Work -- References -- Decision Tree Learning in CEGIS-Based Termination Analysis -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Preview by Examples -- 2.1 Termination Verification by CEGIS -- 2.2 Handling Cycles in Decision Tree Learning -- 3 (Non-)Termination Verification as Constraint Solving
8.1 SMT QF_BV Competition -- 8.2 Linear Field Arithmetic in Cryptography -- 9 Conclusion -- References -- Porous Invariants -- 1 Introduction -- 1.1 Related Work -- 2 Preliminaries -- 3 R Invariants: R-linear and R-semi-linear -- 4 Strongest Z-linear Invariants -- 4.1 Extensions of Z-linear Sets Without Strongest Invariants -- 4.2 Z-linear Targets -- 5 N-Semi-linear Invariants -- 5.1 Existence of Sufficient (but Non-minimal) N-semi-linear Invariants for Point Reachability in Deterministic LDS -- 5.2 Undecidability of N-semi-linear Invariants for Nondeterministic LDS -- 5.3 Nondeterministic One-Dimensional Affine Updates -- 6 The POROUS Tool -- 7 Conclusions and Open Directions -- References -- JavaSMT 3: Interacting with SMT Solvers in Java -- 1 Introduction -- 2 JavaSMT's Architecture and Solver Integration -- 3 New Contributions in JavaSMT 3 -- 4 Evaluation -- 5 Conclusion -- References -- Efficient SMT-Based Analysis of Failure Propagation -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Preliminaries -- 3 Propagation Graphs over FDSs -- 4 From Sequential to Combinational -- 5 Enumeration of FDS-Minimal Cut Sets -- 5.1 Algorithm for Boolean FDSs -- 5.2 Extension to Arbitrary FDSs -- 6 Related Work -- 6.1 Detailed Comparison with Finite Degradation Models -- 7 Experimental Evaluation -- 8 Conclusions and Further Work -- References -- ddSMT 2.0: Better Delta Debugging for the SMT-LIBv2 Language and Friends -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Detecting Failure-Inducing Inputs -- 3 Simplification Rules and Staged Simplification -- 4 Parsing and Input Representation -- 5 Delta Debugging Strategies -- 6 Experimental Evaluation -- 7 Conclusion -- References -- Learning Union of Integer Hypercubes with Queries -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Preliminaries -- 3 Minimally Adequate Teacher -- 3.1 Corner Oracle -- 3.2 Overshooting Algorithm -- 3.3 Repetition-Free Complexity -- 4 Extensions
4.1 Maximal Cube Oracle -- 4.2 Maximal Cube Algorithm -- 4.3 Extension to the Infinite Case -- 4.4 Complexity -- 5 Applications and Experiments -- 5.1 Application to Monadic Decomposition -- 5.2 Experiments -- 5.3 Benchmark Suite -- 5.4 Results -- 6 Conclusion and Future Work -- References -- Interpolation and Model Checking for Nonlinear Arithmetic -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Background -- 3 SMT Modulo Models and Interpolation -- 3.1 Interpolation -- 3.2 SMT Modulo Models with MCSAT -- 4 Nonlinear Arithmetic -- 5 Evaluation -- 5.1 Related Work -- 6 Conclusion and Future Work -- References -- An SMT Solver for Regular Expressions and Linear Arithmetic over String Length -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Preliminaries -- 2.1 Basic Definitions -- 2.2 Theoretical Landscape -- 3 Length-Aware Regular Expression Algorithm -- 3.1 High-Level Algorithm -- 4 Length-Aware and Prefix/Suffix Heuristics in Z3str3RE -- 4.1 Computing Length Information from Regexes -- 4.2 Optimizing Automata Operations via Length Information -- 4.3 Leveraging Length Information to Optimize Search -- 4.4 Prefix/Suffix Over-Approximation Heuristic -- 5 Empirical Results -- 5.1 Empirical Setup and Solvers Used -- 5.2 Benchmarks -- 5.3 Comparison and Scoring Methods -- 5.4 Analysis of Empirical Results -- 5.5 Detailed Experimental Results -- 5.6 Analysis of Individual Heuristics and Results -- 6 Related Work -- 7 Conclusions and Future Work -- References -- Counting Minimal Unsatisfiable Subsets -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Preliminaries and Problem Definition -- 3 Related Work -- 4 MUS Counting via a Projected Model Counter -- 4.1 Basic MUS Counting Idea -- 4.2 W1 - the Base Wrapper and Its Reminder -- 4.3 W2 - the Intersection of MUSes -- 4.4 W3 - The Union of MUSes -- 4.5 W4 - Minimum MUS Cardinality -- 4.6 W5 - Maximum MUS Cardinality -- 4.7 W6 - Component Partitioning
Title Computer Aided Verification
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Volume 12760
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