Adventure of a Lifetime: Extract Method Refactoring for Rust
We present a design and implementation of the automated "Extract Method" refactoring for Rust programs. Even though Extract Method is one of the most well-studied and widely used in practice automated refactorings, featured in all major IDEs for all popular programming languages, implement...
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| Vydáno v: | Proceedings of ACM on programming languages Ročník 7; číslo OOPSLA2; s. 658 - 685 |
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New York, NY, USA
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16.10.2023
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| ISSN: | 2475-1421, 2475-1421 |
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| Abstract | We present a design and implementation of the automated "Extract Method" refactoring for Rust programs. Even though Extract Method is one of the most well-studied and widely used in practice automated refactorings, featured in all major IDEs for all popular programming languages, implementing it soundly for Rust is surprisingly non-trivial due to the restrictions of the Rust's ownership and lifetime-based type system. In this work, we provide a systematic decomposition of the Extract Method refactoring for Rust programs into a series of program transformations, each concerned with satisfying a particular aspect of Rust type safety, eventually producing a well-typed Rust program. Our key discovery is the formulation of Extract Method as a composition of naive function hoisting and a series of automated program repair procedures that progressively make the resulting program "more well-typed" by relying on the corresponding repair oracles. Those oracles include a novel static intra-procedural ownership analysis that infers correct sharing annotations for the extracted function's parameters, and the lifetime checker of rustc, Rust's reference compiler. We implemented our approach in a tool called REM---an automated Extract Method refactoring built on top of IntelliJ IDEA plugin for Rust. Our extensive evaluation on a corpus of changes in five popular Rust projects shows that REM (a) can extract a larger class of feature-rich code fragments into semantically correct functions than other existing refactoring tools, (b) can reproduce method extractions performed manually by human developers in the past, and (c) is efficient enough to be used in interactive development. |
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| AbstractList | We present a design and implementation of the automated "Extract Method" refactoring for Rust programs. Even though Extract Method is one of the most well-studied and widely used in practice automated refactorings, featured in all major IDEs for all popular programming languages, implementing it soundly for Rust is surprisingly non-trivial due to the restrictions of the Rust's ownership and lifetime-based type system.
In this work, we provide a systematic decomposition of the Extract Method refactoring for Rust programs into a series of program transformations, each concerned with satisfying a particular aspect of Rust type safety, eventually producing a well-typed Rust program. Our key discovery is the formulation of Extract Method as a composition of naive function hoisting and a series of automated program repair procedures that progressively make the resulting program "more well-typed" by relying on the corresponding repair oracles. Those oracles include a novel static intra-procedural ownership analysis that infers correct sharing annotations for the extracted function's parameters, and the lifetime checker of rustc, Rust's reference compiler.
We implemented our approach in a tool called REM---an automated Extract Method refactoring built on top of IntelliJ IDEA plugin for Rust. Our extensive evaluation on a corpus of changes in five popular Rust projects shows that REM (a) can extract a larger class of feature-rich code fragments into semantically correct functions than other existing refactoring tools, (b) can reproduce method extractions performed manually by human developers in the past, and (c) is efficient enough to be used in interactive development. We present a design and implementation of the automated "Extract Method" refactoring for Rust programs. Even though Extract Method is one of the most well-studied and widely used in practice automated refactorings, featured in all major IDEs for all popular programming languages, implementing it soundly for Rust is surprisingly non-trivial due to the restrictions of the Rust's ownership and lifetime-based type system. In this work, we provide a systematic decomposition of the Extract Method refactoring for Rust programs into a series of program transformations, each concerned with satisfying a particular aspect of Rust type safety, eventually producing a well-typed Rust program. Our key discovery is the formulation of Extract Method as a composition of naive function hoisting and a series of automated program repair procedures that progressively make the resulting program "more well-typed" by relying on the corresponding repair oracles. Those oracles include a novel static intra-procedural ownership analysis that infers correct sharing annotations for the extracted function's parameters, and the lifetime checker of rustc, Rust's reference compiler. We implemented our approach in a tool called REM---an automated Extract Method refactoring built on top of IntelliJ IDEA plugin for Rust. Our extensive evaluation on a corpus of changes in five popular Rust projects shows that REM (a) can extract a larger class of feature-rich code fragments into semantically correct functions than other existing refactoring tools, (b) can reproduce method extractions performed manually by human developers in the past, and (c) is efficient enough to be used in interactive development. |
| ArticleNumber | 245 |
| Author | Costea, Andreea Sergey, Ilya Gopinathan, Kiran Thy, Sewen |
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(e_1_2_1_13_1) Negara Stas (e_1_2_1_31_1) Roberts Donald Bradley (e_1_2_1_36_1) Andersen Lars Ole (e_1_2_1_1_1) e_1_2_1_8_1 e_1_2_1_6_1 e_1_2_1_12_1 e_1_2_1_35_1 e_1_2_1_50_1 e_1_2_1_4_1 e_1_2_1_10_1 e_1_2_1_33_1 e_1_2_1_2_1 e_1_2_1_16_1 e_1_2_1_39_1 e_1_2_1_14_1 e_1_2_1_37_1 Schäfer Max (e_1_2_1_41_1) Fowler Martin (e_1_2_1_11_1) 1999 Juillerat Nicolas (e_1_2_1_18_1) 2007 e_1_2_1_42_1 e_1_2_1_40_1 e_1_2_1_23_1 e_1_2_1_46_1 e_1_2_1_21_1 e_1_2_1_44_1 e_1_2_1_27_1 e_1_2_1_25_1 e_1_2_1_48_1 e_1_2_1_29_1 e_1_2_1_7_1 e_1_2_1_30_1 e_1_2_1_5_1 e_1_2_1_3_1 e_1_2_1_17_1 e_1_2_1_38_1 e_1_2_1_15_1 e_1_2_1_9_1 e_1_2_1_19_1 |
| References_xml | – reference: Don Roberts, John Brant, and Ralph E. Johnson. 1997. A Refactoring Tool for Smalltalk. Theory Pract. Object Syst., 3, 4 (1997), 253–263. – reference: Huiqing Li, Simon J. Thompson, and Claus Reinke. 2005. The Haskell Refactorer, HaRe, and its API. In Proceedings of the Fifth Workshop on Language Descriptions, Tools, and Applications (LDTA) (ENTCS, Vol. 141). Elsevier, 29–34. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.entcs.2005.02.053 10.1016/j.entcs.2005.02.053 – reference: Martin Fowler and Kent Beck. 1999. Refactoring: Improving the Design of Existing Code. Addison-Wesley. – reference: Robert M. Fuhrer, Frank Tip, and Adam Kiezun. 2004. Advanced Refactorings in Eclipse. In OOPSLA Companion. ACM, 8. https://doi.org/10.1145/1028664.1028669 10.1145/1028664.1028669 – reference: Kin-Keung Ma and Jeffrey S. Foster. 2007. Inferring aliasing and encapsulation properties for java. In OOPSLA. 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