Understanding Child Abuse and Neglect
The tragedy of child abuse and neglect is in the forefront of public attention. Yet, without a conceptual framework, research in this area has been highly fragmented. Understanding the broad dimensions of this crisis has suffered as a result. This new volume provides a comprehensive, integrated, chi...
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| Format: | E-Book Buch |
| Sprache: | Englisch |
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Washington, D.C
National Academies Press
1993
National Academy Press |
| Ausgabe: | 1 |
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| ISBN: | 9780309048897, 0309048893 |
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| Abstract | The tragedy of child abuse and neglect is in the forefront of public attention. Yet, without a conceptual framework, research in this area has been highly fragmented. Understanding the broad dimensions of this crisis has suffered as a result.
This new volume provides a comprehensive, integrated, child-oriented research agenda for the nation. The committee presents an overview of three major areas:
Definitions and scope -exploring standardized classifications, analysis of incidence and prevalence trends, and more.
Etiology, consequences, treatment, and prevention -analyzing relationships between cause and effect, reviewing prevention research with a unique systems approach, looking at short- and long-term consequences of abuse, and evaluating interventions.
Infrastructure and ethics -including a review of current research efforts, ways to strengthen human resources and research tools, and guidance on sensitive ethical and legal issues.
This volume will be useful to organizations involved in research, social service agencies, child advocacy groups, and researchers. |
|---|---|
| AbstractList | The tragedy of child abuse and neglect is in the forefront of public attention. Yet, without a conceptual framework, research in this area has been highly fragmented. Understanding the broad dimensions of this crisis has suffered as a result.
This new volume provides a comprehensive, integrated, child-oriented research agenda for the nation. The committee presents an overview of three major areas:
Definitions and scope -exploring standardized classifications, analysis of incidence and prevalence trends, and more.
Etiology, consequences, treatment, and prevention -analyzing relationships between cause and effect, reviewing prevention research with a unique systems approach, looking at short- and long-term consequences of abuse, and evaluating interventions.
Infrastructure and ethics -including a review of current research efforts, ways to strengthen human resources and research tools, and guidance on sensitive ethical and legal issues.
This volume will be useful to organizations involved in research, social service agencies, child advocacy groups, and researchers. |
| Author | National Research Council (U.S.). Panel on Research on Child Abuse and Neglect |
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| Copyright | 1993 |
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| Snippet | The tragedy of child abuse and neglect is in the forefront of public attention. Yet, without a conceptual framework, research in this area has been highly... |
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| SubjectTerms | Abused children Abused children -- United States -- Psychology Child abuse Child abuse -- United States -- Prevention Child protection Prevention Psychology U.S.A United States |
| TableOfContents | Sexual Abuse -- Emotional Maltreatment -- Summary -- Adult Attitudes, Attributions, and Cognition -- Intergenerational Transmission of Abusive Parenting -- Alcohol and Drugs -- Biology and Child Maltreatment -- Demographic Factors -- Child Characteristics -- THE FAMILY MICROSYSTEM -- Family Functioning in Maltreating Families -- Parenting Styles -- Physical Discipline -- Stressful Life Events and Child Maltreatment -- Summary -- THE EXOSYSTEM -- Family Income/Poverty -- Unemployment -- Neighborhood Impact -- Summary -- THE MACROSYSTEM -- Cultural and Social Values -- Pornographic Materials -- SUMMARY OF ETIOLOGICAL FACTORS -- RESEARCH RECOMMENDATIONS -- NOTES -- REFERENCES -- 5 Prevention -- OVERVIEW -- Risk Factors and Preventive Interventions -- Summary -- THE FAMILY MICROSYSTEM -- Pathways to Parental Practices -- Prevention Programs for Families with Young Children -- Comprehensive Home Visitation Programs -- Center-based Programs -- Community-based Programs -- Hospital-based Interventions -- Summary -- THE EXOSYSTEM -- The Role of the States and Child Abuse Prevention Challenge Grants -- School-Based Sexual Abuse Prevention Programs -- Other Community-based Prevention Programs -- Antipoverty and Vocational Training Programs -- Educator and Child Care Staff Training -- Violence Prevention in the Schools -- Clergy and Religious Institutions -- Media Roles -- Bystander's Responses -- Summary -- THE MACROSYSTEM -- Corporal Punishment -- Use of Criminal Sanctions -- CONCLUSIONS -- RESEARCH RECOMMENDATIONS -- NOTES -- REFERENCES -- 6 Consequences of Child Abuse and Neglect -- CHILDHOOD -- Medical and Physiological Consequences -- Cognitive and Intellectual Consequences -- Psychosocial Consequences -- Behavioral Consequences -- Effects of Witnessing Domestic Violence -- ADOLESCENCE -- Delinquency -- Violence -- Becoming a Runaway Intimacy, Sexual Problems, and Teenage Pregnancy -- Alcohol Problems -- Illicit Drug Use or Abuse -- Self-Destructive Behavior, Depression, and Suicide Attempts -- Summary -- ADULTHOOD -- Intergenerational Cycles of Abuse -- Long-term Consequences of Child Maltreatment -- ISSUES OF STIGMA, BIAS, AND DISCRIMINATION -- INTERACTION OF RISK AND PROTECTIVE FACTORS -- Intelligence -- Temperament -- Cognitive Appraisal of Events -- Relationship with a Significant Person -- Placement Experiences and Foster Care -- Summary -- RESEARCH RECOMMENDATIONS -- NOTES -- REFERENCES -- 7 Interventions and Treatment -- TREATMENT EFFORTS AT THE INDIVIDUAL LEVEL -- Treatment of Child Victims -- Treatment of Adult Survivors -- Treatment for Adult Sex Offenders -- Adolescent Sex Offenders -- Self-Help Services for Abusive Adults -- MICROSYSTEM APPROACHES: FAMILY-ORIENTED INTERVENTIONS -- Parental Enhancement -- Family Systems Treatment -- Home-Based Services and Family Preservation Services -- Family Income and Supplemental Benefits -- COMMUNITY EXOSYSTEM INTERVENTIONS -- Medical Treatment of Child Abuse -- Child Protective Services -- Intake and Assessment -- Investigation and Substantiation -- Case Management and Referrals -- Child Welfare Services -- Foster Care -- Criteria Regarding Out-of-Home Placement Decisions -- Treatment for Children in Foster Care -- Legal Intervention in Child Maltreatment -- SOCIAL/MACROSYSTEM INTERVENTIONS -- CONCLUSIONS -- RESEARCH RECOMMENDATIONS -- NOTES -- REFERENCES -- 8 Human Resources, Instrumentation, and Research Infrastructure -- THE RESEARCH COMMUNITY -- TRAINING ISSUES -- INSTRUMENTATION ISSUES -- INFORMATION SERVICES -- FEDERAL FUNDING FOR RESEARCH ON CHILD MALTREATMENT -- U.S. Department of Health and Human Services -- Administration on Children, Youth, and Families -- Public Health Service -- Department of Justice Understanding Child Abuse and Neglect -- Copyright -- Preface -- Contents -- Tribute to Ray E. Helfer, M.D. -- Summary -- CHARGE TO THE PANEL -- A DEVELOPMENTAL AND ECOLOGICAL PERSPECTIVE -- IDENTIFICATION AND DEFINITIONS -- SCOPE OF THE PROBLEM -- OVERVIEW OF ETIOLOGICAL MODELS -- Individual Ontogenic Factors -- Family Factors -- Environmental and Community Factors -- Social and Cultural Factors -- Conclusions -- PREVENTION -- Risk Factors and Pathways to Prevention -- Parental Enhancement Programs -- Community-Based Prevention Programs -- The Role of Cultural and Social Values in Prevention -- Conclusions -- CONSEQUENCES -- Issues of Stigma, Bias, and Discrimination -- Protective Factors -- Conclusions -- INTERVENTIONS AND TREATMENT -- Treatment of Child Victims -- Treatment of Adult Survivors -- Treatment for Adult and Adolescent Sex Offenders -- Family-Oriented Interventions -- Family Income and Supplemental Benefits -- Community-Based Interventions -- Medical Treatment of Child Abuse -- Child Protective Services -- Child Welfare Services -- Legal Intervention in Child Maltreatment -- Social and Cultural Interventions -- Conclusions -- HUMAN RESOURCES, INSTRUMENTATION, AND RESEARCH INFRASTRUCTURE -- The Research Community -- Methodological Issues -- Federal Funding for Research -- State Roles in Research on Child Maltreatment -- Private Foundations -- Conclusions -- ETHICAL AND LEGAL ISSUES -- Human Subjects Research Issues -- Issues Derived from Research on Children and Families -- Research on Socially Sensitive Topics -- Conclusions -- RESEARCH PRIORITIES -- The Nature and Scope of Child Maltreatment -- Understanding the Origins and Consequences of Child Maltreatment -- Improving Treatment and Preventive Interventions -- A Science Policy for Research on Child Maltreatment -- REFERENCES -- 1 Introduction THE IMPORTANCE OF CHILD MALTREATMENT RESEARCH -- RESEARCH ON CHILD MALTREATMENT IS CURRENTLY UNDERVALUED AND UNDEVELOPED -- DIMENSIONS OF CHILD ABUSE AND NEGLECT -- THE COMPLEXITY OF CHILD MALTREATMENT -- Selection of Research Studies -- A Comparison With Other Fields of Family and Child Research -- CHARGE TO THE PANEL -- THE IMPORTANCE OF A CHILD-ORIENTED FRAMEWORK -- AN ECOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTAL PERSPECTIVE -- PREVIOUS REPORTS -- REPORT OVERVIEW -- NOTE -- REFERENCES -- 2 Identification and Definitions -- REVIEW OF DEFINITIONS -- PRINCIPLES UNDERLYING RESEARCH DEFINITIONS -- SPECIFIC DEFINITIONAL ISSUES -- Endangerment Versus Demonstrable Harm -- Severity of Acts -- Frequency of Acts -- Class of Potential Perpetrators -- Intent to Harm and Culpability of the Perpetrator -- Developmental Level -- Culturally Informed Definitions -- IDENTIFICATION OF CHILD MALTREATMENT -- Detection in Medical Settings -- Reports to Child Protection Agencies -- RESEARCH RECOMMENDATIONS -- NOTES -- REFERENCES -- 3 Scope of the Problem -- CURRENT ESTIMATES -- Governmental Case Report Surveys -- National Studies -- National Incidence Studies -- National Child Abuse and Neglect Data System -- Private Sector Studies Using Case Reports -- Population Surveys -- Physical Abuse -- Sexual Abuse -- Prevalence of Abuse and Neglect in Disabled Children -- International Comparisons -- METHODOLOGICAL ISSUES -- Definitional Issues -- Unreported Abuse -- Confusion of Prevalence and Incidence -- Use of Administrative Data -- Rate of Occurrence Versus Rate of Reporting -- Sampling and Design Issues -- Measurement -- Effect of Mandatory Reporting -- CONCLUSIONS -- RESEARCH RECOMMENDATIONS -- NOTES -- REFERENCES -- 4 Etiology of Child Maltreatment -- OVERVIEW OF ETIOLOGICAL MODELS -- INDIVIDUAL ONTOGENIC FACTORS -- Adult Personality Characteristics -- Physical Abuse -- Neglect Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention (OJJDP) -- National Institute of Justice -- Other Federal Departments -- STATE ROLES IN RESEARCH ON CHILD MALTREATMENT -- PRIVATE FOUNDATIONS -- CONCLUSIONS -- RESEARCH RECOMMENDATIONS -- Human Resources -- Training Programs -- Research Infrastructure -- NOTES -- REFERENCES -- 9 Ethical and Legal Issues in Child Maltreatment Research -- FRAMEWORK OF ANALYSIS -- ISSUES IN RESEARCH ON HUMAN SUBJECTS -- ETHICAL ISSUES IN CHILD MALTREATMENT RESEARCH -- Recruitment of Subjects -- Informed Consent and Deception -- Assignment of Research Subjects -- Privacy, Confidentiality, and Autonomy -- Debriefing -- RESEARCH ON CHILDREN AND FAMILIES -- The Importance of Validity -- Dissemination of Research Results -- RESEARCH ON SOCIALLY SENSITIVE TOPICS -- CONCLUSIONS -- RESEARCH RECOMMENDATIONS -- NOTES -- REFERENCES -- 10 Priorities for Child Maltreatment Research -- THE NATURE AND SCOPE OF CHILD MALTREATMENT -- UNDERSTANDING THE ORIGINS AND CONSEQUENCES OF CHILD MALTREATMENT -- IMPROVING TREATMENT AND PREVENTIVE INTERVENTIONS -- A SCIENCE POLICY FOR RESEARCH ON CHILD MALTREATMENT -- Appendixes -- A Panel Activities -- Survey Respondents -- B Supplementary Views -- C Biographical Sketches -- Index |
| Title | Understanding Child Abuse and Neglect |
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