Search Results - "Association Learning Physiology"

Digit Symbol Substitution Test: The Case for Sensitivity Over Specificity in Neuropsychological Testing by Jaeger, Judith

“…Development of the Digit Symbol Substitution Test (DSST) was initiated over a century ago as an experimental tool to understand human associative learning. Its…”
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Social Learning Strategies: Bridge-Building between Fields by Kendal, Rachel L., Boogert, Neeltje J., Rendell, Luke, Laland, Kevin N., Webster, Mike, Jones, Patricia L.

“…While social learning is widespread, indiscriminate copying of others is rarely beneficial. Theory suggests that individuals should be selective in what, when,…”
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Attention and associative learning in humans: An integrative review by Le Pelley, Mike E, Mitchell, Chris J, Beesley, Tom, George, David N, Wills, Andy J

“…This article presents a comprehensive survey of research concerning interactions between associative learning and attention in humans. Four main findings are…”
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The role of medial prefrontal cortex in memory and decision making by Euston, David R, Gruber, Aaron J, McNaughton, Bruce L

“…Some have claimed that the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) mediates decision making. Others suggest mPFC is selectively involved in the retrieval of remote…”
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The brain's default network: updated anatomy, physiology and evolving insights by Buckner, Randy L, DiNicola, Lauren M

“…Discoveries over the past two decades demonstrate that regions distributed throughout the association cortex, often called the default network, are suppressed…”
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How does the brain learn environmental structure? Ten core principles for understanding the neurocognitive mechanisms of statistical learning by Conway, Christopher M.

“…•Statistical learning consists of two primary neurocognitive mechanisms.•Cortical plasticity results in heightened behavioral facilitation for…”
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Does recollection contribute to unitized associative memory? The roles of repetition learning and memory strength by Liu, Xiangshen, Wang, Lingwei, Yang, Jiongjiong

“…The ability to remember the relationship between unrelated events is a powerful cognitive function. When two unrelated stimuli are encoded in a condition of…”
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Rethinking Extinction by Dunsmoor, Joseph E, Niv, Yael, Daw, Nathaniel, Phelps, Elizabeth A

“…Extinction serves as the leading theoretical framework and experimental model to describe how learned behaviors diminish through absence of anticipated…”
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Active Inference, homeostatic regulation and adaptive behavioural control by Pezzulo, Giovanni, Rigoli, Francesco, Friston, Karl

“…We review a theory of homeostatic regulation and adaptive behavioural control within the Active Inference framework. Our aim is to connect two research streams…”
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Nonmonotonic Plasticity: How Memory Retrieval Drives Learning by Ritvo, Victoria J.H., Turk-Browne, Nicholas B., Norman, Kenneth A.

“…What are the principles that govern whether neural representations move apart (differentiate) or together (integrate) as a function of learning? According to…”
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Frontal cortex and reward-guided learning and decision-making by Rushworth, Matthew F S, Noonan, Maryann P, Boorman, Erie D, Walton, Mark E, Behrens, Timothy E

“…Reward-guided decision-making and learning depends on distributed neural circuits with many components. Here we focus on recent evidence that suggests four…”
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A reward-centred model of anorexia nervosa: A focussed narrative review of the neurological and psychophysiological literature by O’Hara, Caitlin B., Campbell, Iain C., Schmidt, Ulrike

“…This focussed narrative review examines neurobiological and psychophysiological evidence supporting a role for altered reward processes in the development and…”
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Dopamine transients are sufficient and necessary for acquisition of model-based associations by Sharpe, Melissa J, Chang, Chun Yun, Liu, Melissa A, Batchelor, Hannah M, Mueller, Lauren E, Jones, Joshua L, Niv, Yael, Schoenbaum, Geoffrey

“…Learning to predict reward is thought to be driven by dopaminergic prediction errors, which reflect discrepancies between actual and expected value. Here the…”
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Disinhibition, a Circuit Mechanism for Associative Learning and Memory by Letzkus, Johannes J, Wolff, Steffen B E, Lüthi, Andreas

“…Although a wealth of data have elucidated the structure and physiology of neuronal circuits, we still only have a very limited understanding of how behavioral…”
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Hippocampus Contributions to Food Intake Control: Mnemonic, Neuroanatomical, and Endocrine Mechanisms by Kanoski, Scott E., Grill, Harvey J.

“…Food intake is a complex behavior that can occur or cease to occur for a multitude of reasons. Decisions about where, when, what, and how much to eat are not…”
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Blocking of associative learning by explicit descriptions by Kelly, Tom, Ludvig, Elliot A.

“…People given written descriptions often learn and decide differently from those learning from experience, even in formally identical tasks. This paper presents…”
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Distinct Dopamine Receptor Pathways Underlie the Temporal Sensitivity of Associative Learning by Handler, Annie, Graham, Thomas G W, Cohn, Raphael, Morantte, Ianessa, Siliciano, Andrew F, Zeng, Jianzhi, Li, Yulong, Ruta, Vanessa

“…Animals rely on the relative timing of events in their environment to form and update predictive associations, but the molecular and circuit mechanisms for…”
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Grounding cognitive control in associative learning by Abrahamse, Elger, Braem, Senne, Notebaert, Wim, Verguts, Tom

“…Cognitive control covers a broad range of cognitive functions, but its research and theories typically remain tied to a single domain. Here we outline and…”
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Mirror neurons: From origin to function by Cook, Richard, Bird, Geoffrey, Catmur, Caroline, Press, Clare, Heyes, Cecilia

“…This article argues that mirror neurons originate in sensorimotor associative learning and therefore a new approach is needed to investigate their functions…”
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Adults with autism overestimate the volatility of the sensory environment by Lawson, Rebecca P, Mathys, Christoph, Rees, Geraint

“…The authors address why the use of prior expectations might be compromised in autism, by using computational models and pupillometric markers of the…”
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