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Integrated 6G TN and NTN Localization: Challenges, Opportunities, and Advancements

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Title: Integrated 6G TN and NTN Localization: Challenges, Opportunities, and Advancements
Authors: Saleh, Sharief, 1995, Zheng, Pinjun, Liu, Xing, Chen, Hui, 1992, Keskin, Musa Furkan, 1988, Priyanto, Basuki, Beale, Martin, Ettefagh, Yasaman, 1989, Seco-Granados, G., Al-Naffouri, Tareq Y., Wymeersch, Henk, 1976
Source: IEEE Communications Standards Magazine. 9(2):63-71
Subject Terms: terrestrial network (TN), reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS), localization, 6G, non-terrestrial network (NTN), low-Earth-orbit (LEO) satellites
Description: The rapid evolution of cellular networks has introduced groundbreaking technologies, including large and distributed antenna arrays and reconfigurable intelligent surfaces in terrestrial networks (TNs), as well as aerial and space-based nodes in non-terrestrial networks (NTNs). These advancements enable applications beyond traditional communication, such as high-precision localization and sensing. While integrating TN and NTN enablers will lead to unparalleled opportunities for seamless global localization, such integration attempts are expected to face several challenges. To understand these opportunities and challenges, we first examine the distinctive characteristics of the key 6G enablers, evaluating their roles in localization from both technical and practical perspectives. Next, to identify developments driving TN-NTN localization, we review the latest standardization and industrial innovation progress. Finally, we discuss the opportunities and challenges of TN-NTN integration, illustrating its potential through two numerical case studies.
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  Data: Integrated 6G TN and NTN Localization: Challenges, Opportunities, and Advancements
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Saleh%2C+Sharief%22">Saleh, Sharief</searchLink>, 1995<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Zheng%2C+Pinjun%22">Zheng, Pinjun</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Liu%2C+Xing%22">Liu, Xing</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Chen%2C+Hui%22">Chen, Hui</searchLink>, 1992<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Keskin%2C+Musa+Furkan%22">Keskin, Musa Furkan</searchLink>, 1988<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Priyanto%2C+Basuki%22">Priyanto, Basuki</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Beale%2C+Martin%22">Beale, Martin</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Ettefagh%2C+Yasaman%22">Ettefagh, Yasaman</searchLink>, 1989<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Seco-Granados%2C+G%2E%22">Seco-Granados, G.</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Al-Naffouri%2C+Tareq+Y%2E%22">Al-Naffouri, Tareq Y.</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Wymeersch%2C+Henk%22">Wymeersch, Henk</searchLink>, 1976
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  Data: <i>IEEE Communications Standards Magazine</i>. 9(2):63-71
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22terrestrial+network+%28TN%29%22">terrestrial network (TN)</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22reconfigurable+intelligent+surface+%28RIS%29%22">reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS)</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22localization%22">localization</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%226G%22">6G</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22non-terrestrial+network+%28NTN%29%22">non-terrestrial network (NTN)</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22low-Earth-orbit+%28LEO%29+satellites%22">low-Earth-orbit (LEO) satellites</searchLink>
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  Label: Description
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  Data: The rapid evolution of cellular networks has introduced groundbreaking technologies, including large and distributed antenna arrays and reconfigurable intelligent surfaces in terrestrial networks (TNs), as well as aerial and space-based nodes in non-terrestrial networks (NTNs). These advancements enable applications beyond traditional communication, such as high-precision localization and sensing. While integrating TN and NTN enablers will lead to unparalleled opportunities for seamless global localization, such integration attempts are expected to face several challenges. To understand these opportunities and challenges, we first examine the distinctive characteristics of the key 6G enablers, evaluating their roles in localization from both technical and practical perspectives. Next, to identify developments driving TN-NTN localization, we review the latest standardization and industrial innovation progress. Finally, we discuss the opportunities and challenges of TN-NTN integration, illustrating its potential through two numerical case studies.
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        Value: 10.1109/MCOMSTD.2025.3569014
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        PageCount: 9
        StartPage: 63
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      – SubjectFull: terrestrial network (TN)
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS)
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      – SubjectFull: localization
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      – SubjectFull: 6G
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      – SubjectFull: non-terrestrial network (NTN)
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