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Catalytic Conversion of Furans to Aromatics over Ga-MFI Zeotypes with Varying Gallium Content

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Title: Catalytic Conversion of Furans to Aromatics over Ga-MFI Zeotypes with Varying Gallium Content
Authors: de Reijer, Guido J.L., 1997, Schaefer, Andreas, 1981, Hellman, Anders, 1974, Carlsson, Per-Anders, 1972
Source: Utveckling av röntgentekniker och nya Ga-zeotyper för produktion av gröna aromater Gröna baskemikalier Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research. 64(4):2025-2035
Subject Terms: Biomass, Zeolite, Aromatic Compounds, Selectivity, Hydrocarbons, Gallium, Furan, Zeotype, Ga-MFI, Benzene, MFI, Catalysts
Description: To address the need for a sustainable chemical industry, commodity chemicals including the aromatics benzene, toluene, and xylenes (BTX) must be produced from renewable feedstocks such as biomass-derived furans. Here, the conversion of 2,5-dimethylfuran (2,5-dmf) into aromatics was studied by step-response experiments in a chemical flow reactor, catalyzed by a series of phase-pure MFI framework Ga-zeotype catalysts with a gallium content ranging from 0.5 to 11 wt %. The lifetime of the catalyst and its aromatic production increase with increasing gallium content, demonstrating a near-40-fold increase in benzene production when increasing the gallium content from 0.5 to 8.6 wt %, while a further increase to 11 wt % leads to a decrease in benzene production due to rapid deactivation of the catalyst by coke. Acid site analysis reveals that aromatization occurs on strong Brønsted acid sites, promoted by strong Lewis acid sites, while isomerization occurs on weak Brønsted acid sites. At high gallium content (≥6.0 wt %), gallium-based nanoparticles are formed, whose presence results in faster catalyst deactivation. The catalysts were active for five consecutive cycles and were readily regenerated, recovering the majority of their initial acid sites.
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Items – Name: Title
  Label: Title
  Group: Ti
  Data: Catalytic Conversion of Furans to Aromatics over Ga-MFI Zeotypes with Varying Gallium Content
– Name: Author
  Label: Authors
  Group: Au
  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22de+Reijer%2C+Guido+J%2EL%2E%22">de Reijer, Guido J.L.</searchLink>, 1997<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Schaefer%2C+Andreas%22">Schaefer, Andreas</searchLink>, 1981<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Hellman%2C+Anders%22">Hellman, Anders</searchLink>, 1974<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Carlsson%2C+Per-Anders%22">Carlsson, Per-Anders</searchLink>, 1972
– Name: TitleSource
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  Data: <i>Utveckling av röntgentekniker och nya Ga-zeotyper för produktion av gröna aromater Gröna baskemikalier Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research</i>. 64(4):2025-2035
– Name: Subject
  Label: Subject Terms
  Group: Su
  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Biomass%22">Biomass</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Zeolite%22">Zeolite</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Aromatic+Compounds%22">Aromatic Compounds</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Selectivity%22">Selectivity</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Hydrocarbons%22">Hydrocarbons</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Gallium%22">Gallium</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Furan%22">Furan</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Zeotype%22">Zeotype</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Ga-MFI%22">Ga-MFI</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Benzene%22">Benzene</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22MFI%22">MFI</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Catalysts%22">Catalysts</searchLink>
– Name: Abstract
  Label: Description
  Group: Ab
  Data: To address the need for a sustainable chemical industry, commodity chemicals including the aromatics benzene, toluene, and xylenes (BTX) must be produced from renewable feedstocks such as biomass-derived furans. Here, the conversion of 2,5-dimethylfuran (2,5-dmf) into aromatics was studied by step-response experiments in a chemical flow reactor, catalyzed by a series of phase-pure MFI framework Ga-zeotype catalysts with a gallium content ranging from 0.5 to 11 wt %. The lifetime of the catalyst and its aromatic production increase with increasing gallium content, demonstrating a near-40-fold increase in benzene production when increasing the gallium content from 0.5 to 8.6 wt %, while a further increase to 11 wt % leads to a decrease in benzene production due to rapid deactivation of the catalyst by coke. Acid site analysis reveals that aromatization occurs on strong Brønsted acid sites, promoted by strong Lewis acid sites, while isomerization occurs on weak Brønsted acid sites. At high gallium content (≥6.0 wt %), gallium-based nanoparticles are formed, whose presence results in faster catalyst deactivation. The catalysts were active for five consecutive cycles and were readily regenerated, recovering the majority of their initial acid sites.
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RecordInfo BibRecord:
  BibEntity:
    Identifiers:
      – Type: doi
        Value: 10.1021/acs.iecr.4c03465
    Languages:
      – Text: English
    PhysicalDescription:
      Pagination:
        PageCount: 11
        StartPage: 2025
    Subjects:
      – SubjectFull: Biomass
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Zeolite
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Aromatic Compounds
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Selectivity
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Hydrocarbons
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Gallium
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Furan
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Zeotype
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Ga-MFI
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Benzene
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: MFI
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Catalysts
        Type: general
    Titles:
      – TitleFull: Catalytic Conversion of Furans to Aromatics over Ga-MFI Zeotypes with Varying Gallium Content
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            NameFull: de Reijer, Guido J.L.
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            NameFull: Schaefer, Andreas
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            NameFull: Hellman, Anders
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            NameFull: Carlsson, Per-Anders
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              M: 01
              Type: published
              Y: 2025
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              Value: 64
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            – TitleFull: Utveckling av röntgentekniker och nya Ga-zeotyper för produktion av gröna aromater Gröna baskemikalier Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research
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