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Contaminations from Lithium-Ion Battery Fires—Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances (PFAS) in Soot

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Titel: Contaminations from Lithium-Ion Battery Fires—Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances (PFAS) in Soot
Autoren: Willstrand, Ola, Quant, Maria, Hynynen, Jonna
Quelle: Fire technology.
Schlagwörter: Binders, Bioremediation, Decontamination, Dust, Fluorination, Lithium-ion batteries, Battery cells, Battery fire, Binder (material), Electrode binders, Ion batteries, Lithium ions, Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substance, Polyfluoroalkyl substances, Thermal runaways, Electrolytes
Beschreibung: Fluorinated substances are widely used in the different components of the lithium-ion battery cell, such as electrode binders, electrolyte, additives and separator materials. To date, most studies regarding the fluorinated contaminations from lithium-ion battery fires are focused on the gases formed, whereas the solids produced are not as well characterized. Here, we present an experimental study investigating the occurrence of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances, in soot and particulates formed after thermal runaway in lithium-ion battery cells. Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances were detected in every battery cell test performed in this study. The concentration of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances ranged between 20 to 130 ng/gsoot. Extrapolation of data gives an estimated release of 10 to 60 µg of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances per kg battery cells. Among the 22 per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances analyzed, perfluorobutanesulfonic acid and perfluorobutanoic acid were found in the highest concentrations for all samples. Interestingly, perfluorooctanoic acid was detected in all tests, in concentrations ranging between 0.05 to 0.62 ng/gsoot. These findings are of importance not only for the purpose of decontamination after thermal runaway events, but also when it comes to the lithium-ion battery recycling processes.
Dateibeschreibung: electronic
Zugangs-URL: https://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:ri:diva-78414
https://doi.org/10.1007/s10694-025-01708-y
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  Data: Contaminations from Lithium-Ion Battery Fires—Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances (PFAS) in Soot
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Willstrand%2C+Ola%22">Willstrand, Ola</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Quant%2C+Maria%22">Quant, Maria</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Hynynen%2C+Jonna%22">Hynynen, Jonna</searchLink>
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  Data: <i>Fire technology</i>.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Binders%22">Binders</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Bioremediation%22">Bioremediation</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Decontamination%22">Decontamination</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Dust%22">Dust</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Fluorination%22">Fluorination</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Lithium-ion+batteries%22">Lithium-ion batteries</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Battery+cells%22">Battery cells</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Battery+fire%22">Battery fire</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Binder+%28material%29%22">Binder (material)</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Electrode+binders%22">Electrode binders</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Ion+batteries%22">Ion batteries</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Lithium+ions%22">Lithium ions</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Per-+and+polyfluoroalkyl+substance%22">Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substance</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Polyfluoroalkyl+substances%22">Polyfluoroalkyl substances</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Thermal+runaways%22">Thermal runaways</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Electrolytes%22">Electrolytes</searchLink>
– Name: Abstract
  Label: Description
  Group: Ab
  Data: Fluorinated substances are widely used in the different components of the lithium-ion battery cell, such as electrode binders, electrolyte, additives and separator materials. To date, most studies regarding the fluorinated contaminations from lithium-ion battery fires are focused on the gases formed, whereas the solids produced are not as well characterized. Here, we present an experimental study investigating the occurrence of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances, in soot and particulates formed after thermal runaway in lithium-ion battery cells. Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances were detected in every battery cell test performed in this study. The concentration of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances ranged between 20 to 130 ng/gsoot. Extrapolation of data gives an estimated release of 10 to 60 µg of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances per kg battery cells. Among the 22 per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances analyzed, perfluorobutanesulfonic acid and perfluorobutanoic acid were found in the highest concentrations for all samples. Interestingly, perfluorooctanoic acid was detected in all tests, in concentrations ranging between 0.05 to 0.62 ng/gsoot. These findings are of importance not only for the purpose of decontamination after thermal runaway events, but also when it comes to the lithium-ion battery recycling processes.
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        Value: 10.1007/s10694-025-01708-y
    Languages:
      – Text: English
    Subjects:
      – SubjectFull: Binders
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Bioremediation
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Decontamination
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Dust
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Fluorination
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Lithium-ion batteries
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Battery cells
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Battery fire
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Binder (material)
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Electrode binders
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Ion batteries
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Lithium ions
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substance
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Polyfluoroalkyl substances
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Thermal runaways
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Electrolytes
        Type: general
    Titles:
      – TitleFull: Contaminations from Lithium-Ion Battery Fires—Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances (PFAS) in Soot
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            NameFull: Quant, Maria
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              M: 01
              Type: published
              Y: 2025
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