Fully Printed Thermogalvanic Modules for Low-Grade Energy Harvesting
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| Title: | Fully Printed Thermogalvanic Modules for Low-Grade Energy Harvesting |
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| Authors: | Candiotto de Oliveira, Pedro, Alvi, Naveed ul Hassan, Zahabi, Najmeh, Wentz, Filippa, Freitag, Kathrin, Herlogsson, Lars, Ail, Ujwala, Khan, Zia, Zozoulenko, Igor, Crispin, Reverant, Zhao, Dan |
| Source: | ACS Applied Energy Materials. 8(17):12868-12877 |
| Subject Terms: | low-grade thermal energy harvesting, screen-printing, thermogalvanic module, scalability, sustainability, thermogalvanic cell |
| Description: | Thermogalvanic cells offer a promising route for harvesting low-grade heat by utilizing temperature-dependent redox reactions at spatially separated electrodes. Their potential for low-cost, flexible, and sustainable energy conversion makes them attractive for scalable applications; however, practical implementation is limited by challenges in modular integration and manufacturability. Here, we report the development of a fully printed thermogalvanic module (TGM) that integrates screen-printed hybrid current collectors, activated carbon-based electrodes, an adhesive sealing layer, and a laser-drilled spacer. This fully additive and scalable fabrication strategy enables the precise assembly of complex architectures without traditional stacking or wiring. The resulting 36-cell TGM, employing widely available aqueous electrolytes, demonstrates a reproducible thermopower of 38 mV K-1 and a peak output power of 9 mu W under a modest 14 K temperature difference. This work demonstrates a practical pathway toward large-area printed thermogalvanic systems for ambient heat harvesting and paves the way for future integration into flexible and wearable energy platforms. |
| File Description: | electronic |
| Access URL: | https://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-217492 https://doi.org/10.1021/acsaem.5c02080 |
| Database: | SwePub |
Nájsť tento článok vo Web of Science | Abstract: | Thermogalvanic cells offer a promising route for harvesting low-grade heat by utilizing temperature-dependent redox reactions at spatially separated electrodes. Their potential for low-cost, flexible, and sustainable energy conversion makes them attractive for scalable applications; however, practical implementation is limited by challenges in modular integration and manufacturability. Here, we report the development of a fully printed thermogalvanic module (TGM) that integrates screen-printed hybrid current collectors, activated carbon-based electrodes, an adhesive sealing layer, and a laser-drilled spacer. This fully additive and scalable fabrication strategy enables the precise assembly of complex architectures without traditional stacking or wiring. The resulting 36-cell TGM, employing widely available aqueous electrolytes, demonstrates a reproducible thermopower of 38 mV K-1 and a peak output power of 9 mu W under a modest 14 K temperature difference. This work demonstrates a practical pathway toward large-area printed thermogalvanic systems for ambient heat harvesting and paves the way for future integration into flexible and wearable energy platforms. |
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| ISSN: | 25740962 |
| DOI: | 10.1021/acsaem.5c02080 |