Vocal usage learning and vocal comprehension learning in harbor seals
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| Název: | Vocal usage learning and vocal comprehension learning in harbor seals |
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| Autoři: | Diandra Duengen, Yannick Jadoul, Andrea Ravignani |
| Zdroj: | BMC Neuroscience, Vol 25, Iss 1, Pp 1-15 (2024) |
| Informace o vydavateli: | BMC, 2024. |
| Rok vydání: | 2024 |
| Sbírka: | LCC:Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry LCC:Neurophysiology and neuropsychology |
| Témata: | Vocal learning, Playback study, Double-blind study, Auditory generalization, Auditory discrimination, Phoca vitulina, Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry, RC321-571, Neurophysiology and neuropsychology, QP351-495 |
| Popis: | Abstract Background Which mammals show vocal learning abilities, e.g., can learn new sounds, or learn to use sounds in new contexts? Vocal usage and comprehension learning are submodules of vocal learning. Specifically, vocal usage learning is the ability to learn to use a vocalization in a new context; vocal comprehension learning is the ability to comprehend a vocalization in a new context. Among mammals, harbor seals (Phoca vitulina) are good candidates to investigate vocal learning. Here, we test whether harbor seals are capable of vocal usage and comprehension learning. Results We trained two harbor seals to (i) switch contexts from a visual to an auditory cue. In particular, the seals first produced two vocalization types in response to two hand signs; they then transitioned to producing these two vocalization types upon the presentation of two distinct sets of playbacks of their own vocalizations. We then (ii) exposed the seals to a combination of trained and novel vocalization stimuli. In a final experiment, (iii) we broadcasted only novel vocalizations of the two vocalization types to test whether seals could generalize from the trained set of stimuli to only novel items of a given vocal category. Both seals learned all tasks and took ≤ 16 sessions to succeed across all experiments. In particular, the seals showed contextual learning through switching the context from former visual to novel auditory cues, vocal matching and generalization. Finally, by responding to the played-back vocalizations with distinct vocalizations, the animals showed vocal comprehension learning. Conclusions It has been suggested that harbor seals are vocal learners; however, to date, these observations had not been confirmed in controlled experiments. Here, through three experiments, we could show that harbor seals are capable of both vocal usage and comprehension learning. |
| Druh dokumentu: | article |
| Popis souboru: | electronic resource |
| Jazyk: | English |
| ISSN: | 1471-2202 |
| Relation: | https://doaj.org/toc/1471-2202 |
| DOI: | 10.1186/s12868-024-00899-4 |
| Přístupová URL adresa: | https://doaj.org/article/15fe7cf5c1784150bffa286dcffc7f1c |
| Přístupové číslo: | edsdoj.15fe7cf5c1784150bffa286dcffc7f1c |
| Databáze: | Directory of Open Access Journals |
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Nájsť tento článok vo Web of Science | Abstrakt: | Abstract Background Which mammals show vocal learning abilities, e.g., can learn new sounds, or learn to use sounds in new contexts? Vocal usage and comprehension learning are submodules of vocal learning. Specifically, vocal usage learning is the ability to learn to use a vocalization in a new context; vocal comprehension learning is the ability to comprehend a vocalization in a new context. Among mammals, harbor seals (Phoca vitulina) are good candidates to investigate vocal learning. Here, we test whether harbor seals are capable of vocal usage and comprehension learning. Results We trained two harbor seals to (i) switch contexts from a visual to an auditory cue. In particular, the seals first produced two vocalization types in response to two hand signs; they then transitioned to producing these two vocalization types upon the presentation of two distinct sets of playbacks of their own vocalizations. We then (ii) exposed the seals to a combination of trained and novel vocalization stimuli. In a final experiment, (iii) we broadcasted only novel vocalizations of the two vocalization types to test whether seals could generalize from the trained set of stimuli to only novel items of a given vocal category. Both seals learned all tasks and took ≤ 16 sessions to succeed across all experiments. In particular, the seals showed contextual learning through switching the context from former visual to novel auditory cues, vocal matching and generalization. Finally, by responding to the played-back vocalizations with distinct vocalizations, the animals showed vocal comprehension learning. Conclusions It has been suggested that harbor seals are vocal learners; however, to date, these observations had not been confirmed in controlled experiments. Here, through three experiments, we could show that harbor seals are capable of both vocal usage and comprehension learning. |
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| ISSN: | 14712202 |
| DOI: | 10.1186/s12868-024-00899-4 |