Quantifying cellulose content in plastic-cellulose material mixtures
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| Název: | Quantifying cellulose content in plastic-cellulose material mixtures |
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| Autoři: | Hiltunen Eero, Kauppi Emilia, Paltakari Jouni, Niskanen Jukka |
| Přispěvatelé: | Department of Bioproducts and Biosystems, Department of Chemical and Metallurgical Engineering, Paper Converting and Packaging, Polymer Synthesis Technology, Aalto-yliopisto, Aalto University |
| Zdroj: | Cellulose. 31:9613-9621 |
| Informace o vydavateli: | Springer Science and Business Media LLC, 2024. |
| Rok vydání: | 2024 |
| Témata: | Recycling, FTIR spectroscopy (Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy), HPAEC (High-Performance Anion-Exchange Chromatography), CED (Cupri-ethylenediamine), LDPE (low-Density polyethylene), TGA (thermogravimetric analysis) |
| Popis: | This study investigates the capabilities of various measurement techniques for quantifying the cellulose content in reject material from a carton recycling center, which consists of polyethylene, cellulose, and aluminum, along with impurities. Different measurement techniques, including Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy combined with Attenuated Total Reflectance (FTIR-ATR), cellulose dissolution using cupri-ethylenediamine (CED) from plastic followed by gravimetric analysis, acid hydrolysis combined with chromatography, and Thermal Gravimetric Analysis TGA, are employed in this study. Acid hydrolysis combined with chromatography and TGA shows comparable results when compared to different techniques for analyzing pulper reject. Dissolution with CED showed also comparable results but shows higher variation than TGA or chromatography. FTIR absorbance ratio of 1025/2917 correlates with cellulose content, but it shows high variation and lacks sensitivity below 5% cellulose content in polyethylene. This limitation is attributed to factors such as the limited measurement area (1.8 mm) and the large particle size of the cellulose and LDPE mixtures, possibly caused by inadequate grinding of LDPE. In conclusion, TGA and acid hydrolysis combined with chromatography are the most reliable for quantifying cellulose content in recycling reject, providing more consistent and accurate results than FTIR-ATR or CED dissolution methods. |
| Druh dokumentu: | Article |
| Popis souboru: | application/pdf |
| Jazyk: | English |
| ISSN: | 1572-882X 0969-0239 |
| DOI: | 10.1007/s10570-024-06187-y |
| Přístupová URL adresa: | https://aaltodoc.aalto.fi/handle/123456789/131900 |
| Rights: | CC BY |
| Přístupové číslo: | edsair.doi.dedup.....f16cafd89bbf05a3e19e46a61b2e3fc3 |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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Nájsť tento článok vo Web of Science | Abstrakt: | This study investigates the capabilities of various measurement techniques for quantifying the cellulose content in reject material from a carton recycling center, which consists of polyethylene, cellulose, and aluminum, along with impurities. Different measurement techniques, including Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy combined with Attenuated Total Reflectance (FTIR-ATR), cellulose dissolution using cupri-ethylenediamine (CED) from plastic followed by gravimetric analysis, acid hydrolysis combined with chromatography, and Thermal Gravimetric Analysis TGA, are employed in this study. Acid hydrolysis combined with chromatography and TGA shows comparable results when compared to different techniques for analyzing pulper reject. Dissolution with CED showed also comparable results but shows higher variation than TGA or chromatography. FTIR absorbance ratio of 1025/2917 correlates with cellulose content, but it shows high variation and lacks sensitivity below 5% cellulose content in polyethylene. This limitation is attributed to factors such as the limited measurement area (1.8 mm) and the large particle size of the cellulose and LDPE mixtures, possibly caused by inadequate grinding of LDPE. In conclusion, TGA and acid hydrolysis combined with chromatography are the most reliable for quantifying cellulose content in recycling reject, providing more consistent and accurate results than FTIR-ATR or CED dissolution methods. |
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| ISSN: | 1572882X 09690239 |
| DOI: | 10.1007/s10570-024-06187-y |