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Effect of mechanical and antiseptic therapy on peri‐implant mucositis: an experimental study in monkeys

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Title: Effect of mechanical and antiseptic therapy on peri‐implant mucositis: an experimental study in monkeys
Authors: Caffesse, RG, Bragger, U, Lang, NP, Weng, D, Bonaventura, G, Trejo, PM
Source: Clinical Oral Implants Research. 17:294-304
Publisher Information: Wiley, 2006.
Publication Year: 2006
Subject Terms: Dental Implants - Adverse Effects, Mandible - Surgery, Gingival Recession - Pathology - Prevention & Control, Macaca Fascicularis, Dental Plaque, Mandible, Dental Plaque - Complications, Dental Materials, Random Allocation, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Anti-Infective Agents, Periodontal Attachment Loss, Animals, Periodontal Pocket, Gingival Recession, Chlorhexidine - Administration & Dosage - Therapeutic Use, Periodontitis, Therapeutic Irrigation, Titanium - Chemistry, Dental Implants, Titanium, Dental Materials - Chemistry, Chlorhexidine, Dental Plaque Index, Local - Administration & Dosage - Therapeutic Use, Periodontal Attachment Loss - Pathology - Prevention & Control, Gingivitis - Pathology - Prevention & Control, Gingivitis, Anti-Infective Agents, Local - Administration & Dosage - Therapeutic Use, 3. Good health, Macaca fascicularis, Anti-Infective Agents, Local, Periodontal Pocket - Pathology - Prevention & Control, Dental Scaling, Periodontitis - Pathology - Prevention & Control, Periodontal Index, Gels
Description: Objectives: This experiment was performed to evaluate clinically and histologically the effect of mechanical therapy with or without antiseptic therapy on peri‐implant mucositis lesions in nine cynomolgus monkeys.Material and methods: Two ITI titanium implants were inserted into each side of the mandibles. After 90 days of plaque control and soft tissue healing, a baseline clinical examination was completed. Peri‐implant lesions were induced by placing silk ligatures and allowing plaque to accumulate for 6 weeks. The clinical examination was then repeated, and the monkeys were randomly assigned to three treatment groups: group A, mechanical cleansing only; group B, mechanical cleansing and local irrigation with 0.12% chlorhexidine (CHX) and application of 0.2% CHX gel; and group C, control, no treatment. The implants in treatment groups A and B were treated and maintained according to the assigned treatment for two additional months. At the end of the maintenance period, a final clinical examination was performed and the animals were sacrificed for biopsies.Results: The mean probing depths (PD) values at mucositis were: 3.5, 3.7, and 3.4 mm, and clinical attachment level (CAL)=3.8, 4.1, and 3.9 mm for treatment groups A, B and C, respectively. The corresponding values after treatment were: PD=1.7, 2.1, and 2.5 mm, and CAL=2.6, 2.6, and 3.1 mm. ANOVA of mean changes (Δ) in PD and CAL after treatment showed no statistical difference between the treatment groups. Comparison of the mean changes in PD and CAL after treatment yielded statistical differences between the control and treatment groups Pt‐test, no statistical difference was found between treatment groups A and B for the PD reduction but there was a significant difference for the CAL change, PPConclusions: Within the limitations of this experiment, and considering the supportive plaque control rendered, it can be concluded that for pockets of 3–4 mm: (1) mechanical therapy alone or combined with CHX results in the clinical resolution of peri‐implant mucositis lesions, (2) histologically, both treatments result in minimal inflammation compatible with health, and (3) the mechanical effect alone is sufficient to achieve clinical and histologic resolution of mucositis lesions.
Document Type: Article
Language: English
ISSN: 1600-0501
0905-7161
DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0501.2005.01226.x
Access URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16672025
https://europepmc.org/article/MED/16672025
https://core.ac.uk/display/33050236
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16672025
https://boris.unibe.ch/21810/
https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1600-0501.2005.01226.x
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16672025/
http://hdl.handle.net/10722/154404
Rights: Wiley Online Library User Agreement
Accession Number: edsair.doi.dedup.....0c71c31a7b14e4763365d4e8666c0ada
Database: OpenAIRE
Description
Abstract:Objectives: This experiment was performed to evaluate clinically and histologically the effect of mechanical therapy with or without antiseptic therapy on peri‐implant mucositis lesions in nine cynomolgus monkeys.Material and methods: Two ITI titanium implants were inserted into each side of the mandibles. After 90 days of plaque control and soft tissue healing, a baseline clinical examination was completed. Peri‐implant lesions were induced by placing silk ligatures and allowing plaque to accumulate for 6 weeks. The clinical examination was then repeated, and the monkeys were randomly assigned to three treatment groups: group A, mechanical cleansing only; group B, mechanical cleansing and local irrigation with 0.12% chlorhexidine (CHX) and application of 0.2% CHX gel; and group C, control, no treatment. The implants in treatment groups A and B were treated and maintained according to the assigned treatment for two additional months. At the end of the maintenance period, a final clinical examination was performed and the animals were sacrificed for biopsies.Results: The mean probing depths (PD) values at mucositis were: 3.5, 3.7, and 3.4 mm, and clinical attachment level (CAL)=3.8, 4.1, and 3.9 mm for treatment groups A, B and C, respectively. The corresponding values after treatment were: PD=1.7, 2.1, and 2.5 mm, and CAL=2.6, 2.6, and 3.1 mm. ANOVA of mean changes (Δ) in PD and CAL after treatment showed no statistical difference between the treatment groups. Comparison of the mean changes in PD and CAL after treatment yielded statistical differences between the control and treatment groups Pt‐test, no statistical difference was found between treatment groups A and B for the PD reduction but there was a significant difference for the CAL change, PPConclusions: Within the limitations of this experiment, and considering the supportive plaque control rendered, it can be concluded that for pockets of 3–4 mm: (1) mechanical therapy alone or combined with CHX results in the clinical resolution of peri‐implant mucositis lesions, (2) histologically, both treatments result in minimal inflammation compatible with health, and (3) the mechanical effect alone is sufficient to achieve clinical and histologic resolution of mucositis lesions.
ISSN:16000501
09057161
DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0501.2005.01226.x