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COVID-19 pandemic-related drugs and microplastics from mask fibers jointly affect soil functions and processes

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Názov: COVID-19 pandemic-related drugs and microplastics from mask fibers jointly affect soil functions and processes
Autori: Jeane dela Cruz, Daniel Lammel, Shin Woong Kim, Mohan Bi, Matthias Rillig
Zdroj: Environ Sci Pollut Res Int
Informácie o vydavateľovi: Springer Science and Business Media LLC, 2024.
Rok vydania: 2024
Predmety: 0301 basic medicine, COVID-19, Pharmaceutical products, Environmental side effects, Humans [MeSH], Soil pollution, FFP2 mask, Soil Pollutants/analysis [MeSH], Soil/chemistry [MeSH], Plastics [MeSH], Pandemics [MeSH], Global change factors, Microbial activity, COVID-19 [MeSH], Masks [MeSH], Microplastics/analysis [MeSH], SARS-CoV-2 [MeSH], Research Article, Microplastics, 01 natural sciences, 12. Responsible consumption, Soil, 03 medical and health sciences, Biowissenschaften, Biologie, Soil Pollutants, Humans, Pandemics, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, 2. Zero hunger, SARS-CoV-2, Masks, 6. Clean water, 3. Good health, 13. Climate action, Plastics
Popis: The COVID-19 pandemic has led to an unprecedented increase in pharmaceutical drug consumption and plastic waste disposal from personal protective equipment. Most drugs consumed during the COVID-19 pandemic were used to treat other human and animal diseases. Hence, their nearly ubiquitous presence in the soil and the sharp increase in the last 3 years led us to investigate their potential impact on the environment. Similarly, the compulsory use of face masks has led to an enormous amount of plastic waste. Our study aims to investigate the combined effects of COVID-19 drugs and microplastics from FFP2 face masks on important soil processes using soil microcosm experiments. We used three null models (additive, multiplicative, and dominative models) to indicate potential interactions among different pharmaceutical drugs and mask MP. We found that the multiple-factor treatments tend to affect soil respiration and FDA hydrolysis more strongly than the individual treatments. We also found that mask microplastics when combined with pharmaceuticals caused greater negative effects on soil. Additionally, null model predictions show that combinations of high concentrations of pharmaceuticals and mask MP have antagonistic interactions on soil enzyme activities, while the joint effects of low concentrations of pharmaceuticals (with or without MP) on soil enzyme activities are mostly explained by null model predictions. Our study underscores the need for more attention on the environmental side effects of pharmaceutical contamination and their potential interactions with other anthropogenic global change factors.
Druh dokumentu: Article
Other literature type
Jazyk: English
ISSN: 1614-7499
DOI: 10.1007/s11356-024-34587-x
DOI: 10.17169/refubium-44473
Prístupová URL adresa: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39102138
https://repository.publisso.de/resource/frl:6520131
Rights: CC BY
Prístupové číslo: edsair.doi.dedup.....0c6d29302f859e51a6d9edf7d28c7bf4
Databáza: OpenAIRE
Popis
Abstrakt:The COVID-19 pandemic has led to an unprecedented increase in pharmaceutical drug consumption and plastic waste disposal from personal protective equipment. Most drugs consumed during the COVID-19 pandemic were used to treat other human and animal diseases. Hence, their nearly ubiquitous presence in the soil and the sharp increase in the last 3 years led us to investigate their potential impact on the environment. Similarly, the compulsory use of face masks has led to an enormous amount of plastic waste. Our study aims to investigate the combined effects of COVID-19 drugs and microplastics from FFP2 face masks on important soil processes using soil microcosm experiments. We used three null models (additive, multiplicative, and dominative models) to indicate potential interactions among different pharmaceutical drugs and mask MP. We found that the multiple-factor treatments tend to affect soil respiration and FDA hydrolysis more strongly than the individual treatments. We also found that mask microplastics when combined with pharmaceuticals caused greater negative effects on soil. Additionally, null model predictions show that combinations of high concentrations of pharmaceuticals and mask MP have antagonistic interactions on soil enzyme activities, while the joint effects of low concentrations of pharmaceuticals (with or without MP) on soil enzyme activities are mostly explained by null model predictions. Our study underscores the need for more attention on the environmental side effects of pharmaceutical contamination and their potential interactions with other anthropogenic global change factors.
ISSN:16147499
DOI:10.1007/s11356-024-34587-x