Power Flow and State Estimation using Newton Algorithm andWeighted Least Squares Method

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Název: Power Flow and State Estimation using Newton Algorithm andWeighted Least Squares Method
Autoři: Bukunmi G. Odunlami, Blessing Nwonu
Zdroj: WSEAS TRANSACTIONS ON POWER SYSTEMS. 20:278-288
Informace o vydavateli: World Scientific and Engineering Academy and Society (WSEAS), 2025.
Rok vydání: 2025
Popis: Power flow and state estimation are fundamental processes in the operation and planning of power systems. This paper presents a brief review, implementation, and evaluation of these techniques on a benchmark IEEE three-generator, six-bus network. TheNewton-Raphson method is employed to solve the nonlinearAC power flow equations, with results validated against industrial software (PSSE). Additionally, weighted least squares algorithms were implemented for both DC and AC models. While the DC estimator achieved an acceptable residual of 5.57 MW in active power estimation, it still exhibited measurable accuracy loss on high-R/X or voltage-deviation branches, with line-flow mean absolute percentage errors increasing by ∼1–3% and bus angle deviations reaching up to 19° relative to AC estimator results. Ultimately, an overview of how classical estimation and analysis techniques can be practically applied and evaluated for both industrial and benchmarking purposes in power systems engineering are presented and discussed in detail.
Druh dokumentu: Article
Jazyk: English
ISSN: 2224-350X
1790-5060
DOI: 10.37394/232016.2025.20.21
Rights: URL: https://wseas.com/journals/ps/2025/a425116-014(2025).pdf
Přístupové číslo: edsair.doi...........dcd75c93604776de1c69bd0eae718e6d
Databáze: OpenAIRE
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  Data: Power Flow and State Estimation using Newton Algorithm andWeighted Least Squares Method
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  Data: <i>WSEAS TRANSACTIONS ON POWER SYSTEMS</i>. 20:278-288
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  Data: World Scientific and Engineering Academy and Society (WSEAS), 2025.
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  Data: Power flow and state estimation are fundamental processes in the operation and planning of power systems. This paper presents a brief review, implementation, and evaluation of these techniques on a benchmark IEEE three-generator, six-bus network. TheNewton-Raphson method is employed to solve the nonlinearAC power flow equations, with results validated against industrial software (PSSE). Additionally, weighted least squares algorithms were implemented for both DC and AC models. While the DC estimator achieved an acceptable residual of 5.57 MW in active power estimation, it still exhibited measurable accuracy loss on high-R/X or voltage-deviation branches, with line-flow mean absolute percentage errors increasing by ∼1–3% and bus angle deviations reaching up to 19° relative to AC estimator results. Ultimately, an overview of how classical estimation and analysis techniques can be practically applied and evaluated for both industrial and benchmarking purposes in power systems engineering are presented and discussed in detail.
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