Reduced-order estimation and optimisation of claw-shaped throttling notch via CFD analysis, surrogate models, and CCMO algorithm.

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Název: Reduced-order estimation and optimisation of claw-shaped throttling notch via CFD analysis, surrogate models, and CCMO algorithm.
Autoři: Zhang, Yuhang, Ding, Beichen, Yan, Guishan
Zdroj: Engineering Applications of Computational Fluid Mechanics; Dec2025, Vol. 19 Issue 1, p1-30, 30p
Témata: PRESSURE drop (Fluid dynamics), MULTI-objective optimization, ENERGY conservation, REDUCED-order models, COMPUTATIONAL fluid dynamics, HYDRAULIC control systems
Abstrakt: The non-road mobile machinery such as loaders are in immediate requirement for energy conservation. In non-road mobile machinery, the hydraulic spool valve serves as a critical component. Under conditions of high pressure and substantial flow rates, particularly with the presence of high-order throttling notches, this valve experiences significant pressure drop across its port. This phenomenon leads to substantial energy loss from the pump. Currently, there is a scarcity of research examining the interplay between the structure of high-order notches and pressure drop. This gap poses difficulties in the development of efficient notch-matching designs. In this article, a coevolutionary constrained multi-objective optimisation (CCMO) approach based on the novel reduced-order discharge area surrogate model (RO-DASM) and computational fluid dynamics (CFD) analysis for the coupled claw-shaped notch (CSN) hydraulic spool valve is proposed. At first, the RO-DASM is built to decouple multiparameter CSN flow rate-pressure drop (FR-PD) estimation into five simplified K-shaped notch (KSN) FR-PD estimations comparing four surrogate models. Thereafter, the RO-DASM and the CCMO algorithm are integrated for the CSN spool optimisation based on the CFD numerical simulation. Finally, the optimisation efficiency is verified by the experiment. Results demonstrate that the presented RO-DASM model realises a reliable prediction for pressure drop, whose average deviation is below 5% compared to CFD simulation under the flow rate of 250, 350, and 450 L/min. The pressure drop of the CSN valve port reduces by as much as 13.7% after optimisation. The suggested framework can strengthen the CSN hydraulic spool valve optimisation efficiency and can be performed to diverse kinds of high-order notches flexibly. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Engineering Applications of Computational Fluid Mechanics is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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Items – Name: Title
  Label: Title
  Group: Ti
  Data: Reduced-order estimation and optimisation of claw-shaped throttling notch via CFD analysis, surrogate models, and CCMO algorithm.
– Name: Author
  Label: Authors
  Group: Au
  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Zhang%2C+Yuhang%22">Zhang, Yuhang</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Ding%2C+Beichen%22">Ding, Beichen</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Yan%2C+Guishan%22">Yan, Guishan</searchLink>
– Name: TitleSource
  Label: Source
  Group: Src
  Data: Engineering Applications of Computational Fluid Mechanics; Dec2025, Vol. 19 Issue 1, p1-30, 30p
– Name: Subject
  Label: Subject Terms
  Group: Su
  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22PRESSURE+drop+%28Fluid+dynamics%29%22">PRESSURE drop (Fluid dynamics)</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22MULTI-objective+optimization%22">MULTI-objective optimization</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22ENERGY+conservation%22">ENERGY conservation</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22REDUCED-order+models%22">REDUCED-order models</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22COMPUTATIONAL+fluid+dynamics%22">COMPUTATIONAL fluid dynamics</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22HYDRAULIC+control+systems%22">HYDRAULIC control systems</searchLink>
– Name: Abstract
  Label: Abstract
  Group: Ab
  Data: The non-road mobile machinery such as loaders are in immediate requirement for energy conservation. In non-road mobile machinery, the hydraulic spool valve serves as a critical component. Under conditions of high pressure and substantial flow rates, particularly with the presence of high-order throttling notches, this valve experiences significant pressure drop across its port. This phenomenon leads to substantial energy loss from the pump. Currently, there is a scarcity of research examining the interplay between the structure of high-order notches and pressure drop. This gap poses difficulties in the development of efficient notch-matching designs. In this article, a coevolutionary constrained multi-objective optimisation (CCMO) approach based on the novel reduced-order discharge area surrogate model (RO-DASM) and computational fluid dynamics (CFD) analysis for the coupled claw-shaped notch (CSN) hydraulic spool valve is proposed. At first, the RO-DASM is built to decouple multiparameter CSN flow rate-pressure drop (FR-PD) estimation into five simplified K-shaped notch (KSN) FR-PD estimations comparing four surrogate models. Thereafter, the RO-DASM and the CCMO algorithm are integrated for the CSN spool optimisation based on the CFD numerical simulation. Finally, the optimisation efficiency is verified by the experiment. Results demonstrate that the presented RO-DASM model realises a reliable prediction for pressure drop, whose average deviation is below 5% compared to CFD simulation under the flow rate of 250, 350, and 450 L/min. The pressure drop of the CSN valve port reduces by as much as 13.7% after optimisation. The suggested framework can strengthen the CSN hydraulic spool valve optimisation efficiency and can be performed to diverse kinds of high-order notches flexibly. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
– Name: Abstract
  Label:
  Group: Ab
  Data: <i>Copyright of Engineering Applications of Computational Fluid Mechanics is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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RecordInfo BibRecord:
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      – Type: doi
        Value: 10.1080/19942060.2024.2444418
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      – Code: eng
        Text: English
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        PageCount: 30
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    Subjects:
      – SubjectFull: PRESSURE drop (Fluid dynamics)
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: MULTI-objective optimization
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: ENERGY conservation
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: REDUCED-order models
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: COMPUTATIONAL fluid dynamics
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: HYDRAULIC control systems
        Type: general
    Titles:
      – TitleFull: Reduced-order estimation and optimisation of claw-shaped throttling notch via CFD analysis, surrogate models, and CCMO algorithm.
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            NameFull: Zhang, Yuhang
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            NameFull: Ding, Beichen
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            NameFull: Yan, Guishan
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            – D: 01
              M: 12
              Text: Dec2025
              Type: published
              Y: 2025
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              Value: 19942060
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              Value: 19
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